INTRODUCTION
RATIONALE
As students in the Faculty of Languages, particularly in English Translation and Interpreting, we recognize the vital role of translation and interpretation across diverse fields like politics and tourism Translation serves as a powerful tool for sharing knowledge and overcoming language barriers To excel as translators, it's essential not only to master the art of translation but also to deeply understand the reasons behind our choices in conveying meaning.
Emotional intelligence is a rapidly growing field in Vietnam, recognized as a vital component for career and personal development It plays a crucial role in fostering strong relationships and facilitating smoother interactions, ultimately aiding individuals in achieving their career aspirations With high emotional intelligence, one can effectively manage emotions, make informed decisions, and navigate stressful situations, leading to better time management and productivity The book "Primal Leadership: Realizing the Power of Emotional Intelligence" emphasizes the importance of emotional intelligence in leadership, highlighting that our ability to manage ourselves and our relationships often outweighs traditional measures of intelligence, such as IQ.
This article aims to enhance your understanding of psychology and the application of emotional intelligence, equipping you with valuable insights to succeed both professionally and personally.
In this article, I will examine the vocabulary, address the challenges, and simplify complex phrases With my expertise and thorough research, I aim to achieve a flawless translation.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This graduation paper is aimed at:
- Showing my abilities in translating chapter 1
- Having skills to translate and analyze difficulties in chapter 1
- Providing readers with helpful information about great leadership through monitoring emotions Therefore, it is possible to achieve the highest productivity for the group or organization.
- Understanding the author's idea to convey the content to the reader.
After completing my graduation paper, I achieved the following targets:
- Translating chapter 1 smoothly and naturally
- Analyzing many complicated words, phrases, and structures in chapter 1
- Improving translation and analysis skills.
- Eliminating the language barrier for Vietnamese readers who are interested in this subject.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This landmark book emphasizes the critical importance of emotional intelligence for leaders at any career stage It delves into the influence of emotional intelligence on effective leadership, highlighting key traits of successful leaders and various leadership styles The text argues that true leadership is defined not by high IQ or technical skills, but by a strong emotional intelligence Due to constraints in time and scope, I have chosen to focus on Chapter 1, "Primal Leadership," which consists of 4,301 words for translation and analysis.
This article will explore the challenges encountered in translation, particularly focusing on concepts like "the primal dimension," the complexities of English grammar and syntax, and the real-life implications of word meanings.
"Primal Leadership: Realizing the Power of Emotional Intelligence," published in 2002 by Goleman, Richard Boyatzis, and Annie McKee, delves into the critical role of emotional intelligence (EI) in leadership and organizational success This insightful work is essential for aspiring leaders seeking to enhance their careers and understand the profound impact of EI on effective leadership.
Unveiling scientific evidence that links organizational success or failure to
In their concept of 'primal leadership,' the authors emphasize that a leader's emotions are infectious and essential for organizational success This innovative perspective shifts the primary responsibility of leaders from merely driving profits or strategies to fostering positive emotions Based on extensive research in top-tier organizations, the authors demonstrate that effective leaders thrive not only through their industry knowledge but also by harnessing emotional intelligence (EI) skills such as empathy and self-awareness Consequently, understanding and promoting emotional intelligence is crucial for maximizing our potential and efficiency in the workplace.
This book includes 11 chapters with 257 pages, but the time is limited so I have translated only one chapter 1 with 3834 words in length The name of chapter 1 is
This book delves into the significance of emotional intelligence in leadership, highlighting how effective leaders, regardless of their academic prowess, excel at understanding and connecting with people By fostering self-awareness, social awareness, self-management, and relationship management, individuals can enhance their personal development and inspire others The transformative potential of applying these principles in one's life is profound, making this exploration invaluable The content presented is from the first chapter of a comprehensive 11-chapter book on this vital topic.
The text is divided into many different sections and it is organized as following:
8 Quantifying the “Feel” of a Company
This text come from the book “Primal Leadership: Realizing the Power of
"Emotional Intelligence," authored by Daniel Goleman, Richard E Boyatzis, and Annie McKee, was published on March 15, 2002, and quickly became a bestseller in numerous countries worldwide This influential book is readily available online, making it easily accessible for readers seeking to enhance their understanding of emotional intelligence.
METHOD OF THE STUDY
This research employs a combination of data collection and theoretical analysis, utilizing an alternative translation methodology to convert English texts into Vietnamese By integrating scientific and practical insights, the study meticulously translates and examines terminology from original documents Additionally, a qualitative approach is applied to enhance the depth of the analysis.
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
Definitions of translation
Translation can be defined in various ways, influenced by individual perspectives Different linguists offer unique interpretations of the concept, highlighting its complexity and the subjective nature of definitions in the field.
J C Catford defines translation as the process of substituting text from one language, known as the source language, with corresponding text in another language, referred to as the target language.
In the book “Translation” of Allan Duff said that: “Translation as the process of conveying message across linguistic and cultural barriers is an eminently communicative activity.”
Translation is a cognitive process that involves converting the meaning of a specific linguistic discourse from one language to another This act entails transferring linguistic elements from the source language to their corresponding equivalents in the target language, effectively conveying the content of the original text.
Translation is the process through which a translator conveys sentences or ideas from the source language (SL) to the target language (TL), ensuring both semantic and stylistic equivalence.
Types of categories
Understanding the various types of translation is essential for achieving accurate and effective communication By familiarizing ourselves with these genres, we can easily distinguish between different translation methods, which helps prevent common mistakes in document translation This knowledge enhances our overall translation skills and ensures clarity in conveying messages across languages.
Based on the extent, J C Catford classified translation into Full Translation and Partial Translation.
- Full translation: in the process of translation, every part of the entire text in theSource Language is submitted by the equivalent in the Target Language
The distinction among leaders is evident in the mood and tone of their messages; one fosters a sense of antagonism and hostility, while the other inspires optimism and motivation, even amidst challenges.
Sự khác biệt giữa các nhà lãnh đạo thể hiện qua cảm xúc và ngữ điệu trong việc truyền tải thông điệp: một người có thể tạo ra sự đối kháng và thù địch trong nhóm, trong khi người khác lại khơi dậy lạc quan và cảm hứng, giúp nhóm vượt qua khó khăn.
- Partial translation: there are some parts of the SL that are not translated but only put into the TL.
Example 1: How beautifully she sings
Suggested version: “Cô ấy hát hay quá”
Example 2: I have nothing more to desire
Suggested version : “Tôi rất hài lòng”
Total translation is defined that all levels of the SL text are replaced by TL material However, actually, there is a misunderstanding here because of the term
“total translation” We can’t replace all the levels of the SL to the TL, though total replacement is involved
Example: A good laugh sends a reassuring message: We’re on the same wavelength, we get along
Suggested version : “Một tiếng cười sảng khoái gửi đi một thông điệp trấn an:
Chúng ta có cùng chung quan điểm, chúng ta rất ăn ý với nhau.”
Restricted translation involves substituting source language (SL) text with equivalent target language (TL) text, but this process occurs at only one specific level This may be limited to either the phonological or graphological level, or it may focus solely on one of the two grammatical or lexical levels.
Suggested version : Ca-li-phoc-ni-a
In phonological translation, the phonology of the source language (SL) is substituted with the equivalent phonology of the target language (TL), while other changes are limited to grammatical or lexical adjustments that often occur incidentally as a result of this phonological shift.
In graphological translation SL graphology is replaced by equivalent target language graphology, with no other replacements, except, again accidental changes grammar and lexis
The process of phonological translation involves a complex interplay between phonology and graphology in both the source and target languages Initially, graphological units from the source language are substituted with their corresponding phonological units Next, these phonological units are translated into equivalent units in the target language, which are then transformed into the appropriate graphological units of that language.
Suggested version : Cam-pu-chia
2.2.6 Free, Literal and Word-for-word Translation.
A "free" translation allows for greater flexibility, while "word-for-word" or "literal" translation involves converting text from one language to another on a one-to-one basis, often failing to capture the original meaning In translation studies, literal translation is commonly linked to scientific, technical, technological, or legal documents.
Example: Gratitude is the sign of noble souls
Literal translation: “Biết ơn là biểu hiện của tâm hồn cao thượng”
Word-for-word translation: “Lòng biết ơn là dấu hiệu của cao quý tâm hồn”
Free translation: “Ăn quả nhớ kẻ trồng cây”
PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF TRANSLATION
In the translation process, adhering to fundamental principles is crucial for translators Alan Duff outlines essential guidelines in his book "Translation," which are applicable across all translation tasks.
Alan Duff emphasizes that translation should accurately reflect the original text's meaning without arbitrary additions or omissions A skilled translator must adhere to these principles to ensure fidelity to the source material.
The meaning of the original text must be clear, if not, we must find out the uncertain points
Some words are “loaded”, that is, are they containing underlying implications?
Is the dictionary meaning of a particular word the most suitable one
Anything in the translation sounds unnatural or forced
Example : My eyes swelled with tear.
Mắt tôi sưng lên vì khóc.
In A Duff's translation, it is essential for the translator to pay attention to the arrangement of words and ideas to ensure that the translation closely aligns with the intended meaning and provides the most appropriate equivalent in the target language.
Example : I received the scholarship from the Study Promotion Society
Tôi đã được nhận học bổng từ hội khuyến học.
The levels of formality in a given context significantly impact language variations Therefore, for effective translation, it is crucial for the translator to focus on how the writer or speaker establishes tone, distinguishing between formal or fixed expressions and personal expressions.
Example : Don't talk so loud in class.
Don't be noisy yourself to irritate your neighbor.
All of them have the same meaning: “Giữ trật tự”
Idioms are one of the important parts of the translation According to A.Duff
Idiomatic expressions, such as similes, metaphors, proverbs, sayings, jargon, slang, colloquialisms, and phrasal verbs, are often challenging to translate directly When faced with these expressions, translators should take into account various strategies to convey their meanings effectively.
Preserve the original word, in inverted commas.
Keep the original expression, with a literal explanation in brackets
Use a non-idiomatic or plain prose translation
Retain the original word, in inverted commas
Retain the original expression, with a literal explanation in brackets
Example: A good turn deserves another
Use a non-idiomatic or plain prose translation.
Example: Easier said than done
Nói thì dễ làm thì khó
A Duff emphasizes the importance of maintaining the original style in translation However, if the source text contains careless writing or unnecessary repetition, the translator has the discretion to amend these issues for the benefit of the readers.
Example: She joked, laughed, and taked all along the way.
Cô ấy đùa giỡn, cười và nói chuyện suốt dọc đường.
One common criticism of translation is that it often lacks a natural flow This issue arises when translators adhere too closely to the original text in their word choices To achieve a more natural translation, it is beneficial to temporarily set aside the source text and translate a few sentences from memory This approach encourages the use of natural thought patterns in the target language, which may be overlooked when focused solely on the original text.
According to Peter Newmark’s translation theory, there are eight types of translation.
The Source Language (SL) word order is maintained, and words are translated using their most common meanings, while cultural terms are translated literally This method primarily serves to grasp the mechanics of the SL or to clarify a challenging text as part of the pre-translation process.
Example: There are many books on the table.
Suggested version: Có nhiều cuốn sách ở trên bàn.
Literal translation serves as a pre-translation process, where the grammatical structures of the source language (SL) are translated to their closest equivalents in the target language (TL) In this approach, lexical words are translated individually without considering the surrounding context.
Example: She is deaf to all his advice.
Suggested version : Cô ta lờ đi tất cả những lời khuyên của anh ấy.
A faithful translation strives to accurately convey the original meaning while adhering to the grammatical structures of the target language It involves the careful transfer of cultural terms and considers both grammatical and lexical nuances to ensure clarity and coherence.
“abnormality” is preserved in the translation Faithful translation attempts to faithfully transfer the SL writer’s intentions and text realization to the TL
Example: As quick as lightning
Suggested version : Nhanh như chớp
Semantic translation emphasizes the importance of aesthetics in the source language (SL) text During the translation process, the translator must enhance the final version to eliminate issues such as assonance, wordplay, or repetitive phrases In such instances, less significant cultural terms may be translated using culturally neutral or functional alternatives instead of direct cultural equivalents, allowing for minor adjustments to cater to the target readership.
Example : Hold your horses, we still have plenty of time
Suggested version : Kiên nhẫn một chút, chúng ta vẫn còn nhiều thời gian.
Example : The film is beyond any words.
Suggested version: Bộ phim không chê vào đâu được.
Adaptation is commonly employed in translating plays and poetry due to its flexibility as a translation method This approach retains the original themes, characters, and plots while transforming the source language cultures into the target language culture, resulting in a rewritten text that resonates with the new audience.
Pale grew thy cheek and cold,
Khi hai ta chia tay
Trong im lặng và nước mắt
Nửa mảnh hồn tan vỡ
Vì xa cách nhiều năm
Nhợt nhạt, gò má lạnh
Nụ hôn còn lạnh hơn Điềm buồn như báo trước
Nỗi đau này trào dâng
Intra-lingual translation allows us to convey the essence of the original text without focusing on its specific form This method often involves paraphrasing, which can result in a more extended version than the original However, elements like prolixity and pretentiousness are typically omitted in the translation process.
Made to his mistress' eyebrow Then a soldier,
Full of strange oaths, and bearded like the pard,
Jealous in honour, sudden, and quick in quarrel,
Trông vời vợi đôi mắt Đến khi làm người lính Đầy lời thề huênh hoang
Cuộc đời thật gian nan
Ghen tuông vì danh dự
Tìm chân lý hảo huyền
This approach conveys the essence of the original text by utilizing equivalents in the target language (TL) However, it is essential to incorporate idiomatic expressions from the source language (SL) to accurately reflect the intended meaning in the TL Idiomatic translation can sometimes obscure subtle meanings by prioritizing colloquialisms and idioms that may not be present in the original text.
Suggested version: Vỏ quýt dày có móng tay nhọn
Translators aim to accurately convey both the content and language of the original text, focusing on the precise contextual meaning This approach is commonly used in translations for radio and newspapers, where the nuances of communication are crucial In some cases, communicative and semantic translation can align, enhancing the overall effectiveness of the translation.
Suggested version: Dạo này thế nào rồi?
SUGGESTED TRANSLATION
Great leaders have the ability to inspire and motivate us, igniting our passion and encouraging us to reach our full potential Their effectiveness often stems from their strategic thinking, clear vision, and impactful ideas.
But the reality is much more primal:
Great leadership works through the emotions.
Những nhà lãnh đạo tài năng đã tạo ra sự thay đổi mạnh mẽ trong chúng ta bằng cách khơi dậy niềm đam mê và truyền cảm hứng hiệu quả Khi phân tích lý do cho sự thành công này, chúng ta thường nghĩ đến chiến lược, tầm nhìn hay ý tưởng táo bạo Tuy nhiên, thực tế lại đơn giản hơn: khả năng lãnh đạo xuất sắc chủ yếu dựa vào việc kết nối cảm xúc.
2 No matter what leaders set out to do—whether it’s creating strategy or mobilizing teams to action—their success depends on how they do it.
Leaders must prioritize steering emotions effectively; without this essential focus, their efforts will not achieve optimal results.
Thành công của các nhà lãnh đạo, bất kể mục tiêu là gì, phụ thuộc vào cách họ thực hiện và vận hành Dù có tuân thủ đúng quy tắc, nếu họ không điều khiển cảm xúc một cách hiệu quả, kết quả đạt được sẽ không như mong đợi.
3 Consider, for example, a pivotal moment in a news division at the BBC, the British media giant The division had been set up as an
At a critical juncture within the BBC's news division, a major media organization in the UK, management made the decision to close the department despite the efforts of its approximately 200 journalists and editors, who believed they had delivered their best work.
The executive's presentation to the gathered staff began on an upbeat note, highlighting the success of competing operations and sharing his recent enjoyable experience in Cannes, which did not set a positive tone for the announcement that followed.
The news itself was bad enough, but the brusque, even contentious manner of the executive incited something beyond the expected frustration People became enraged
The tense atmosphere during the management's decision to shut down the department was palpable, with the executive considering calling security for protection Despite the efforts of around 200 journalists and editors, the management ultimately decided to close the department, treating the situation as an experiment gone wrong.
Việc giám đốc điều hành được cử đến để đưa ra quyết định trong cuộc họp nhân viên đã không mang lại hiệu quả, nhất là khi ông vừa trở về từ một chuyến đi tuyệt vời đến Cannes và trình bày các báo cáo về đối thủ cạnh tranh Phong cách thô lỗ và những phát ngôn gây tranh cãi của ông đã làm tình hình trở nên tồi tệ hơn, khiến nhân viên phẫn nộ không chỉ vì quyết định của ban quản lý mà còn vì chính người phát ngôn Bầu không khí căng thẳng đến mức giám đốc điều hành phải nhờ đến bộ phận an ninh để rời khỏi phòng an toàn.
4 The next day, another executive visited the same staff He took a very different approach He spoke from his heart about the crucial importance of journalism to
The following day, a different executive visited the same employee, adopting a heartfelt approach He emphasized the vibrancy of society and the passion that initially drew them to journalism Acknowledging that financial rewards in journalism are limited and job security fluctuates with the economy, he highlighted the dedication journalists have for their service He concluded by wishing them success in their careers.
Khi vị lãnh đạo kết thúc bài phát biểu, ông đã nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng cốt yếu của báo chí đối với sự sống động của xã hội và kêu gọi tất cả nhân viên tham gia vào lĩnh vực này Ông chỉ ra rằng không ai theo đuổi nghề báo để trở nên giàu có, vì thu nhập trong ngành này thường thấp và sự đảm bảo việc làm ngày càng giảm Tuy nhiên, ông đã khơi dậy niềm đam mê và sự cống hiến mà các nhà báo dành cho công việc của họ Cuối cùng, ông chúc tất cả nhân viên thành công trong sự nghiệp của mình, và ngay sau đó, các nhân viên đã hò reo cổ vũ.
The distinction between the leaders was evident in the mood and tone of their messages; one fostered an atmosphere of antagonism and hostility, while the other inspired optimism and motivation, even during challenging times.
These two moments point to a hidden, but crucial, dimension in leadership—the emotional impact of what a leader says and does.
Sự khác biệt giữa các nhà lãnh đạo thể hiện qua cảm xúc và ngữ điệu trong thông điệp của họ Một nhà lãnh đạo có thể thúc đẩy nhóm hướng tới sự đối kháng và thù địch, trong khi một người khác lại truyền tải sự lạc quan và cảm hứng khi đối mặt với khó khăn Hai khía cạnh này chỉ ra tầm quan trọng của tác động cảm xúc trong lãnh đạo, cho thấy rằng lời nói và hành động của nhà lãnh đạo có thể ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến tinh thần và động lực của nhóm.
6 While most people recognize that a leader’s mood—and how he or
Emotions play a crucial role in organizational dynamics, significantly influencing the mood and performance of team members While often perceived as too personal to discuss, research reveals that understanding and measuring a leader's emotional impact is essential Effective leaders excel in recognizing and managing both their own emotions and those of others, which sets them apart in achieving better business outcomes and retaining talent Moreover, this emotional awareness fosters higher morale, motivation, and commitment among employees, highlighting the importance of emotional intelligence in the workplace.
This emotional task of the leader is primal—that is, first—in two senses: It is both the original and the most important act of leadership
Leaders have always played an emotional role No doubt
Cảm xúc là yếu tố thiết yếu đối với một nhà lãnh đạo, vì đây không chỉ là hành động cơ bản mà còn là hành động quan trọng nhất trong vai trò lãnh đạo.
Throughout history, early human leaders, whether tribal chieftains or shamanesses, secured their positions largely due to their emotionally compelling leadership Their ability to connect with others on an emotional level played a crucial role in establishing their authority and influence within their communities.