Giáo trình Anh văn chuyên ngành (Nghề: Kỹ thuật sửa chữa, lắp ráp máy tính - Trung cấp) - Trường CĐ nghề Việt Nam - Hàn Quốc thành phố Hà Nội

(NB) Giáo trình đặc biệt chú trọng vào việc phát triển kỹ năng đọc; những phát triển vốn từ của học viên; trong mỗi bài có phần bài tập ngữ pháp giúp học viên ôn lại những điểm ngữ pháp cơ bản. Phần cuối giáo trình là bảng tra cứu các thuật ngữ chuyên nghành đã được dịch sang tiếng Việt, đáp án và một số gợi ý giảng dạy cần thiết cho giáo viên.

Computer today computer application

Buying a computer

7 Section 7: Computer tomorrow lans and wans

Section 1 Computer today computer application

- Làm quen các từ vựng thường dùng trong máy tính;

- Rèn luyên phát âm đúng các từ vựng chuyên ngành Công nghệ thông tin;

- Có ý thức trách nhiệm, chủ động học tập

Phần mềm thiết kế và vẽ bằng máy tính Máy trạm, trạm làm việc

Hệ thống tính giờ Thời gian thực Kiểm tra dopping Giao dịch

Máy rút tiền tự động Bảng kiểm kê

Tương tác Vật dụng Phần mềm sản xuất hỗ trợ bằng máy tính

Match the captions (1-4) with the pictures (a-d)

1 In education, computers can make all the difference………

3 The internet in your pocket………

How computers are used in the situation above? In pairs, discuss your ideas

Match the places in column A with the computer uses in column B

B Provide information and entertainment Look after, patient records and medicines Calculate the bill

Control machines Control our money

Now use the above words and phrases to fill the gaps in this paragraph about computer uses

Computers have become integral to our daily lives, playing crucial roles in various settings In shops, they streamline transactions and manage inventory In factories, they enhance production efficiency and quality control In healthcare, computers are essential for managing patient records and medications When we manage our bank accounts, computers ensure secure transactions and financial tracking In our homes, they facilitate communication, entertainment, and smart living solutions.

Look at text 1 again and discuss these questions

1 How are/were computers used in your school?

2 What other areas of study would benefit from the introduction of computers?

In my school, computers are used to speed up the process of looking for references in the library

In technical writing, the passive voice is frequently utilized to emphasize facts, processes, and events rather than the individuals involved The construction of the passive voice involves using the correct tense of the verb "to be" followed by the past participle of the main verb.

We sell computers (simple present)

Babbage invented “The Analytical Engine” (Simple past)

Computers are sold (simple present)

“The Analytical Engine” was invented in 1830 (Simple past)

When we write or talk about facts or processes that occur regularly, we use the present passive

Data is transferred from the internal memory to the arithmetic-logical unit along channels known as buses

The other users are automatically denied access to that record

Distributed systems are built using networked computers

Read the text below, which describes the insurance company’s procedure of dealing with PC-user’ problems Fill in the gaps using the correct form of the verb in brackets

All car 1 …………(register) by the Help Desk staff Each call 2

……… (evaluate) and then 3 ……… (allocate) to the relevant suppurt group If a visit 4 ……… (require), the user 5 (contact) by telephone, and an appointment

6……… (arrange) Most calls 7 ………….(deal with) within one working day In the event of a major problem requiring the removal of a user’s PC, a replacement can usually 8 ……….(supply)

Fill in the gaps in the following sentences using the appropriate form of the verb inbrackets.

The part of the processor which controls data transfers between the various input and output devices………… (call) the control unit

An operating system………….(store) on disk

Instructions written in a high-level language………… (transform)

In the star configuration, all processing and control functions………… (perform) by the central computer

When a document arrives in the mail room, the envelope………… (open) by a machine

When we write or talk about past events, we use the past passive Let us look at some examples

COBOL was first introduced in 1959

Microsoft was founded on the basis of the development of MS/DOS

The organization was created to promote the use of computers in education

Fill in the gaps in the following sentences using the appropriate form of the verb in brackets

Microsoft ………(found) by Bill Gate

In the 1980s, at least 100,000 LANs ………(set up) in laboratories and offices around the world

The first digital computer……….(build) by the University of Pennsylvania in 1946

IBM’s decision not to continue manufacturing mainframes……… (reverse) the year after it ………… (take)

Write a list of as many uses of the computer, or computer applications, as you can think of

Now read the text below and underline any applications that are not in your list

Computers and microchips are integral to our daily lives, influencing everything from the design of shops and offices to the production of magazines and the processing of bill payments.

The computer is a remarkable device that, when powered on with the right hardware and software, can perform a multitude of tasks It acts as a powerful calculating machine, streamlining financial computations, and serves as an electronic filing cabinet for managing extensive data collections, such as customer lists and inventories Additionally, it functions as a versatile typewriter, enabling users to create and print various documents, including letters and legal papers Furthermore, the computer serves as a personal communicator, facilitating interactions with other computers and individuals worldwide For those who enjoy gadgets and electronic entertainment, it also offers a platform for relaxation through computer games.

In small groups, choose one of the areas in the diagram below and discuss what computers can do in this area

Formula 1: racing car, car body, design, mechanical parts, electronic components, engine speed

Entertainment: game, music, animated image, multimedia, encyclopedia

Factories: machinery, robot, production line, computer-aided manufacturing software

Hopital: patients, medical personel, database program, records, scanner, diagnose, disease, robot, surgery

A PC can also be used for…

Computers can help…make…control…store…keep…provide…manage…give…perform…measu re…provide access to…

Now write a short paragraph summarizing your discusstion Then ask one person from your group to give a summary of the group’s ideas to the rest of the class

In business, computers are used for financial planning, accounting, and specific calculations

In the office, computer are used to write leetter and keep records of clients, suppliers, and employees

Imagine you are in a computer shop Choose five things that would improve your digital life In pairs, compare your choices

You want to buy a computer Think of three basic features that will make a big difference to your choice In pairs, compare your choices

Listen to two people making enquiries in a computer shop Do they buy anything?

Listen again and complete the product descriptions iMac

Harddrive capacity……… DVD drive included ? Yes

Operating system……… Includes internet software Price: £ 1,029

Listen again and complete the extract

Assistant: Do you need any (1) ……….?

Paul: Um, yes, we’re looking for a Mac computer Have you got any fairly basic ones?

Asisstant: Yes, sure, if you’d like to come over here

Paul: What different (2) ……… are there?

Currently, we offer two models: the iMac, a desktop computer featuring an Intel Core 2 Duo processor with a speed of 2.33 GHz, and the portable MacBook, equipped with a 2.0 GHz processor The Core Duo technology integrates two cores into a single chip, providing up to twice the speed of standard processors.

Sue: So they’re both very (5) ……… then And which one has more memory? I mean which has more RAM?

Asisstant: Well, the iMac has two gigabytes of RAM, which can be (6)

………… up to three gigabytes, and the Macbook has one gigabyte, expandable to two gigabytes It all depends on your needs The iMac is (7)

………… for home users and small offices The Macbook is more (8)

Language Function in a computer shop

Look at the langua function in the

HELP box and then correct one mistake in each of these sentences

Decide which functions are being expressed in each sentence

1 The Ulysses SD is a power, expandable computer that offers high- end graphics at a low price

2 A laptop is likely to be more expensive than the equivalent desktop, but a laptop is less practical if you travel a lot

3 Where’s the storage capacity of the hard drive?

4 I’m looking a desktop PC that has good graphics for games

6 And how many does the PDA cost?

7 This workstation is a Pentium processor with dual core technology,

1,024 gigabytes of RAM, and 1 terabyte of disk space

Work in pairs One of you wants to buy a computer, the other is the shop assistant Use the prompts and product descriptions below to role play the conversation

Greet the customer and offer help

Show the customer two possible models

Give technical specs (describe the processor, RAM and storage capacity)

Compare the two different models

Answer and mention any final details that might persuade the customer to buy the computer

Customer Explain what you are looking for Ask for some technical specs

Ask about any futher technical specs (DVD drive, monitor, communications, etc.)

Ask the price Decide which computer to buy or leave the shop

Four individuals discuss their computer requirements, prompting listeners to take notes In pairs, participants should read descriptions from a computer shop website to select the most appropriate computer for each person, providing justifications for their choices.

Vocabulary tree for buying a computer

Creating word trees and spidergrams is an effective way to develop mental maps of vocabulary By organizing terms visually, you can enhance your understanding of different vocabulary areas Begin by examining the provided list of terms and strategically placing each one on the word tree, using the first example as a guide This method not only aids in vocabulary retention but also fosters a deeper comprehension of language relationships.

Processor ROM expandable memory ALU DIMMs hard drive RAM computer brain byte DVD system clock keyboard mouse gigaherts printer megabytes webcam registers

Input/Output device

Interacting with your computer

Language work

Computers have become integral to our daily lives, playing crucial roles in various sectors In retail shops, they streamline transactions and manage inventory In factories, they enhance production efficiency and automate processes In healthcare, computers manage patient records and medication tracking When we access our bank accounts, computers ensure secure transactions and data management At home, computers facilitate communication, entertainment, and information access.

Passive voice is prevalent in technical writing, as the focus is primarily on facts, processes, and events rather than on individuals To construct a passive sentence, use the correct tense of the verb "to be" followed by the past participle of the main verb.

Computers and microchips are integral to our daily lives, influencing everything from the design of shops and offices to the production of magazines and the preparation of bills.

Your computer is a remarkable device that, when powered on with the right hardware and software, can perform a multitude of tasks It serves as a powerful calculating machine, efficiently handling financial computations Additionally, it functions as an electronic filing cabinet, organizing extensive data collections such as customer lists, accounts, and inventories As a versatile typewriter, it allows you to create and print various documents, including letters, memos, and legal papers Moreover, it acts as a personal communicator, facilitating interactions with other computers and individuals globally For those who enjoy gadgets and electronic entertainment, your PC also offers a platform for relaxation through computer games.

Currently, we offer two models: the iMac, a desktop computer powered by an Intel Core 2 Duo processor running at 2.33 GHz, and the portable MacBook, which features a processor operating at 2.0 GHz The Core Duo technology integrates two cores into a single chip, providing up to twice the speed of conventional processors.

Four individuals discuss their computer requirements, prompting a selection of suitable options from a computer shop's website In pairs, evaluate the provided descriptions and identify the best computer for each person, ensuring to justify your choices based on their specific needs.

Creating word trees and spidergrams is an effective way to develop mental maps of vocabulary By organizing terms into a structured format, you can enhance your understanding of language areas Start by examining the provided list of terms and strategically place each one on the word tree, using the first example as a guide This method not only aids in vocabulary retention but also promotes better comprehension of related concepts.

- Phát âm được và biết nghĩa các từ vựng dùng để nói về thiết bị nhập/ xuất;

- Đọc hiểu các tài liệu nói về thiết bị nhập xuất;

- Mô tả các thiết bị nhập xuất bằng tiếng anh;

- Sử dụng thành thạo cấu trúc Used to + Inf / Used for + V-ing;

- Tính kỷ luật, trật tự trong giờ học;

- Tự tin khi đọc tài liệu hay phát âm thiết bị nhập xuất bằng Anh ngữ;

Ra (lệnh), phát hành Nháy, click

Kéo Thả Nắm Kéo căng Nháy đúp Chuỗi, lien tục Bút chỉ

Bi/ bóng xoay Máy quét Thiết bị đầu vào

Bộ phận Thiết bị thao tác bằng tay Con trỏ

Bóng phủ cao su Bềm mặt

Trục Thiết bị dò Đăng ký Mạch tích hợp Tín hiệu

Xử lý, vận dụng, chế tác Máy quét hình phẳng

Xử lý, đối xử Quay

Bộ lọc màu Độ phân giải Vùng quet Sinh động Hoạt hình Phần mềm nắm bắt hình ảnh

Tự chỉnh Máy gia tốc Giải nén Nén

Read the description of input devices and then label the pictures (1-8) with words from the text

Input devices are essential hardware components that enable users to enter information into a computer, with the keyboard and mouse being the most widely used Other interactive options include lightpens, scanners, trackballs, graphics tablets, joysticks, and voice recognition devices, providing diverse ways to engage with technology.

Listen to a computer technician describing three input devices Write which devices he’s talking about

Listen again and complete these extracts

1 This device is……… enter information into the computer

…….it may also……… function keys and editing keys……… special purposes

2 This is a device ……… the cursot and selecting items on the screen

3 It usually……… Two buttons and a wheel

…… The user……… activate the icons or select items and text

4 It……… detecting light from the computer screen and is used by pointing it directly at the screen display

5 It……… the user……… answer multiple-choice questions and…………

Label the picture of a standard keyboard with the groups of keys (1-5)

1 Cursor control keys: include arrow keys that move the insertion point up, down, right and left and keys such as End, Home, Page Up and page Down, which are used in word processing to move around a long document

2 Alphanumeric keys represent letters and numbers, as arranged on a typewriter

3 Function keys appear at the top of the keyboard and can be programmed to do special tasks

4 Dedicated keys are used to issue commands or to produce alternative characters, e.g the Ctrl key or the Alt key

5 A numeric keypad appears to the right of the main keyboard The Num Lock key is used to switch from numbers to editing keys

Match the descriptions (1-8) with the names of the keys (a-h) Then find them on the keyboard

1 A long key at the bottom of the keyboard Each time it is pressed, it produces a blank space a Arrow keys

2 It moves the cursor to the beginning of a new line It is also used to confirm commands b Return/ enter

3 It works in combination with other keys For example, you press this key and C to copy the selected text c Caps lock

4 It removes the character to the left of the cursor or any selected text d shift

5 It produces UPPER CASE characters e backspace

6 It produces UPPER CASE letters, but it does not affect numbers and symbols f tab

7 It moves the cursor horizontally to the right for a fixed number or spaces (in tabulations and data fields) g Space bar

8 They are used to move the cursor as an alternative to the mouse h Ctrl

Try to answer these question

1 How is the mouse connected to the computer?

2 What does the mouse pointer look like on the screen?

3 What are the functions of the mouse buttons?

4 What are the advantages of a computer mouse over a keyboard?

Read the text to check your answer or to find the right answer

The computer mouse is a hand-operated device that simplifies the control of the pointer's location on your screen, allowing for easier selections and choices through its buttons.

The mouse contains a rubber- coated ball that rests on the surface of your working area or a mousemat When the mouse is moved on that surface, the ball rolls

The movements of the ball in a mouse, both vertically and horizontally, rotate two internal axles These rotations are detected by sensors that track the changing position A compact integrated circuit within the mouse transmits signals to the operating system, prompting it to move the on-screen pointer accordingly.

Here are some basic mouse actions Match the terms in the box with the explanations below

1 Position the pointer on something, then rapidly press and release the mouse button twice (You do this to load a program, open a document, or select text or graphics) ……… a Click b Double- click c Drag

2 Position the pointer on something, hold down the mouse button, and move the mouse to the desired position, then release the button (You do this to move an image to a new location on the screen) …………

3 Position the pointer on something, then press, and release the button (You do this to place the insertion point, to choose an option, or to close a window) …………

Look at the HELP box and then use the notes below to write a description of the Sony Play Station 3 controller

 Hold it with both hands, use thumbs to handle directional sticks and face buttons

 Six axis sensing system ( capable of sensing motion in six directions: up, down, left, right, towards and backward)

 USB mini port cable for wired play and automatic battery charging

In pairs, choose one of these input devices and describe its functions and features Try to guess which device your partner is describing

2.4.2 Using the Present Simple: Used to + Inf / Used for + V-ing

We can describle the function of an item in a number of ways

1 ROM holds instructions which are needed to start up the computer

Used to – infinitive, used for+

2 ROM is used to hold instructions which are needed to start up the computer

3 ROM is used for holding instructions which are needed to start up the computer

4 The function of ROM is to hold instructions which are needed to start up the computer

Now, match each item in Column A with its function in Column B Then describe its function in two ways

Inputs data through keys like a typewriter Displays the output from a computer on a screen

Reads DVD-ROMs Reads and writes to removeable magnetic disks

Holds instructions which are needed to start up the computer

Holds data read or written to it by the processor

Provides extremely fast access to sections of a program and its data

Controls the timing of signals in the computer Controls all the operations in a computer

Scanners: The eyes of your computer

Use the information in the text and the illustration to answer these question

1 What is a scanner? Give a definition in your own words

2 How does a color scanner work?

A scanner converts texts or pictures into electronic codes that can be manipulated by the computer

A flatbed scanner operates by placing the paper with the image face down on a glass screen, similar to a photocopier Underneath the glass, lighting and measurement devices capture the image, converting it into a series of dots Once activated, the scanner generates a digitized image, which is then transmitted to a computer and stored as a file Typically, manufacturers provide software that offers various options for editing and enhancing the scanned image.

A color scanner functions by utilizing three rotating lamps equipped with distinct colored filters—red, green, and blue These lamps capture three separate images, which are then merged into a single cohesive image using specialized software.

What do you think are the benefits of using scanners in business?

Read the advertisements on the following page and underline what you think are facts and circle the opinions Then write them in the table below

Facts are ‘real’ objective information Opinions usually include emotive words, positive/ negative phrases, and subjective (persuasive) statements

9” x15” : scanning area measured in inches

Storage devices

Optical breakthrough

Computers have become integral to our daily lives, playing essential roles in various sectors In retail shops, they streamline transactions and inventory management In factories, they enhance production efficiency and quality control In healthcare, computers manage patient records and medication tracking When we use bank accounts, computers facilitate secure transactions and account management Additionally, in our homes, computers serve as hubs for communication, entertainment, and information access.

In technical writing, the passive voice is frequently employed to emphasize facts, processes, and events rather than individuals The passive construction is formed by combining the appropriate tense of the verb "to be" with the past participle of the main verb.

Computers and microchips are integral to our daily lives, influencing various aspects such as the design of shops and offices, the production of magazines, and the preparation of bills.

The computer is a remarkable device that, when powered on with the right hardware and software, can perform a multitude of tasks It serves as a powerful calculating machine, streamlining financial computations, and functions as an electronic filing cabinet, efficiently managing extensive data collections such as customer lists and inventories Additionally, it acts as a versatile typewriter, enabling users to create and print various documents, including letters and legal papers Furthermore, the computer is a personal communicator, facilitating interaction with other devices and people globally For those who enjoy gadgets and electronic entertainment, it also offers a platform for relaxation through computer games.

Currently, we offer two models: the iMac, a desktop computer featuring an Intel Core 2 Duo processor running at 2.33 GHz, and the portable MacBook equipped with a 2.0 GHz processor The Core Duo technology integrates two cores into a single chip, providing performance that can be up to twice as fast as traditional processors.

Four individuals discuss their specific computer needs, prompting a collaborative exercise where pairs analyze descriptions from a computer shop website to select the most suitable computer for each person Participants must justify their choices based on the unique requirements outlined in the conversations.

Creating word trees and spidergrams is an effective way to develop your mental maps of vocabulary By organizing terms into a structured format, you can enhance your understanding of related concepts Start by examining the list of terms provided and strategically place each one on the word tree, using the first example as a guide This method not only aids in vocabulary retention but also improves your overall language skills.