INTRODUCTION
Rationale of the study
In today's global landscape, countries are continuously advancing across various sectors, including the economy, politics, society, culture, and education Among these vital areas, culture holds significant importance, with entertainment being a key component Music, in particular, plays a crucial role in enriching our lives and shaping cultural experiences.
Music plays an increasingly vital role in society, providing comfort and relief during stressful times, and appealing to individuals of all ages Its captivating rhythms and meaningful lyrics influence our perceptions of life and lifestyle choices, particularly among the youth As music enhances our quality of life, the translation of lyrics has gained popularity, allowing listeners to not only enjoy the melodies but also to seek a deeper understanding of the songs' meanings This exploration helps us grasp the messages that musicians aim to convey.
Translating lyrics accurately is essential for a proper understanding of their meaning, which is why this study focuses on the topic The relevance of this research stems from the contemporary and fashionable nature of lyrics in popular music genres Pop songs, known for their widespread appeal, predominantly revolve around themes of love Meanwhile, hip-hop has gained immense popularity across various countries, characterized by its unique rhythms and engaging linguistic content.
My study is unavoidably not adequate to; however, I hope it can be a useful material and interest readers somehow and they would find it helpful.
Scope of the study
There are many kinds of music: Pop, Hip-hop, Rⁿ B, Rock, Jazz, etc
It is likely that each kind of music is suitable for each kind of different listeners
English songs offer rich linguistic features that are valuable for analysis This study concentrates on popular music genres, particularly those favored by the youth, including Pop, Hip-hop, and R&B, due to constraints in time, resources, and expertise.
The youth play a crucial role in shaping the future of society, making their interests and activities significant Their engagement with popular music genres such as Pop, Hip-hop, and R&B has a profound impact on their development and cultural influences.
This article explores popular Pop, Hip-hop, and R&B songs that serve as key examples for music study, highlighting current trends among youth listeners These in-vogue tracks reflect the evolving musical preferences of young audiences and provide insight into contemporary music culture.
Methods of the study
To study successfully and effectively in my studying process, the methods of this study are information collection and analysis, personal observation and assessment
Reference from methodology documents and websites are studied to establish the theoretical background
Based on my experience of learning English as a student and help from my teachers and friends, the objectives of this paper have been successfully achieved
This study explores popular Pop, Hip-hop, and R&B songs to identify commonly used words and phrases that carry multiple meanings To accurately translate these terms, it is essential to analyze them within the context of the lyrics The research method employed is efficient and effective, allowing for the examination of individual words, phrases, or sentences By classifying these elements, we uncover both their literal and metaphorical meanings Ultimately, analyzing the lyrics provides the clearest understanding, as each word conveys its own unique expression and significance.
Aim of the study
This paper primarily examines the linguistic elements found in song lyrics, emphasizing how these elements are expressed and experienced In line with this focus, the study aims to achieve several objectives.
Firstly, it will provide readers with the concept of lyrics, the meaning of it and the languages in the lyrics
Secondly, it will provide readers with some parts of some lyrics which contain the common trends of writing lyrics
Lastly, it will raise some difficulties in understanding the lyrics and suggested solutions
As far as we know, a song is firstly fond of because of its rhythms, so what about its meaning?
The youth play a crucial role in society as they are impressionable and easily influenced by various stimuli, including music The meanings behind songs can significantly impact their development, making accurate translation of lyrics essential By ensuring that young listeners understand the true meanings of their favorite songs, we empower them to embrace positive and healthy messages that contribute to a peaceful and progressive society.
The study highlights the challenges of accurately translating words and phrases with multiple meanings across various texts This insight will assist both translators and young learners in effectively translating song lyrics.
Design of the study
This research is divided into three parts
Part I: Introduction, include rationale of the study, scopes of the study, methods of the study, aims of the study and design of the study
Part II: Development with three chapters:
Chapter I: Theoretical background dealing with theory of lyrics and translation
Chapter II: Types of lyrics and their popular words and expressions
Chapter III: Difficulties for translators in understanding and feeling the original / source lyrics
Part III: Conclusion which summarizes the study, experiences acquired and states the orientation for further study.
Theoretical background
Lyrics
Lyrics (in singular form Lyric) are a set of words that make up a song
The writer of lyrics is a lyricist or lyrist Lyrics are the words that are sung by characters in a musical
The term "lyric," which refers to the "words of a song," was first documented in 1876 In modern usage, the plural form "lyrics" is more commonly used, likely due to its association with the word "words." While the singular form "lyric" is still grammatically correct, it is often viewed as incorrect when describing a single word from a song.
Lyric derives from the Greek word lyrikos, meaning "singing to the lyre" A lyric poem is one that expresses a subjective, personal point of view
Beside that, there are also many other definitions of Lyric
Expressing deep emotion; "the dancer's lyrical performance"
Used of a singer or singing voice that is light in volume and modest in range; "a lyric soprano"
The text of a popular song or musical-comedy number; "his compositions always started with the lyrics"; "he wrote both words and music"; "the song uses colloquial language"
Relating to or being musical drama; "the lyric stage"
A short poem of songlike quality
Of or relating to a category of poetry that expresses emotion (often in a songlike way); "lyric poetry"
Lyrically - in a lyrical manner; "she danced the part of the Black Swan very lyrically"
Lyrics (in singular form Lyric) are a set of words that make up a song The writer of lyrics is a lyricist or lyrist
Lyrics - The words to a song
Lyrically - In a manner that is pleasing to hear, as singing
A poem, such as a sonnet or an ode that expresses the thoughts and feelings of the poet A lyric poem may resemble a song in form or style
Lyrics - Mild references to profanity, sexuality, violence, alcohol or drug use in music
1 n a song accompanied by a lyre in ancient Greece; 2 n any short poem such as an elegy, an ode or a sonnet, expressing a state of mind involving thought and feeling; 3 lyrics, pl the words of a song
Lyrics can convey meaning in both explicit and implicit ways, with some being abstract and challenging to interpret In these instances, analyzing the form, articulation, meter, and symmetry of the expression becomes crucial In traditional musical styles like Opera, the lyricist is known as a librettist.
Lyrics serve as a rich subject for academic study, often functioning as a form of social commentary that encapsulates political, social, and economic themes alongside aesthetic elements These words convey culturally significant messages and can be analyzed in relation to their unity with the accompanying music Notable analytical approaches include examining tonality and contrast, which highlight the interplay between lyrics and melody.
Lyric poetry is a concise form that conveys the personal emotions and thoughts of a single speaker, although the speaker is not always the poet This genre includes various forms such as dramatic monologues, elegies, haikus, odes, and sonnets, and can be examined from an academic standpoint Many lyrics serve as social commentary, addressing political, social, and economic themes while incorporating aesthetic elements that convey culturally significant messages, either explicitly or through metaphor and symbolism Additionally, the relationship between lyrics and their accompanying music can be analyzed for unity or contrast, focusing on aspects like tonality.
The term "lyric," which refers to the words of a song, was first documented in 1876 Today, the plural form "lyrics" is commonly used, likely due to its association with the plural "words." While using the singular "lyric" is grammatically correct, it is often viewed as incorrect when referring to a single word from a song.
Lyric derives from the Greek word lyrikos, meaning "singing to the lyre" A lyric poem is one that expresses a subjective, personal point of view
Translation serves as a vital cross-cultural communication tool, facilitating bilingual interactions among people Over the past few decades, this field has evolved due to factors such as increased international trade, migration, globalization, the acknowledgment of linguistic minorities, and advancements in mass media and technology Consequently, translators play a crucial role in accurately conveying facts and cultural nuances by interpreting diverse texts with fidelity and precision.
Translation is often seen as the process of converting text from a foreign language into one's native language However, market demands are evolving, requiring translators to also render texts into a target language that may not be their mother tongue, but rather another foreign language.
Translation primarily focuses on conveying meanings from one language to another, rather than merely translating words or grammatical structures Recent developments in semantics highlight a shift from referential meaning to contextual and pragmatic meaning, which is crucial for translation and aligns with a communicative approach At this early stage of translation theory, examining the "Meaning of Words in Translation" is particularly relevant and should be integrated with language learning objectives in the curriculum.
The meaning of a word or phrase is best understood through its contribution to the overall meaning of the sentence in which it appears This meaning is influenced not only by the external object or idea it refers to but also by its specific usage, context, and intended effect.
Inadequate translations can have devastating consequences, particularly in critical fields such as science, medicine, law, and technology Numerous examples illustrate that poor translations can result in confusion or even life-threatening situations This underscores the necessity of training translators not only in language proficiency and translation techniques but also in specialized knowledge areas and professional ethics.
So that, if we have sound linguistic knowledge, both theoretical and practical, and a wide cultural bilingual background, we will be successful in the profession
Translation is an integral aspect of our daily lives, playing a vital role in literature, culture, entertainment, scientific research, and education As a result, there are numerous definitions of translation, and many writers have explored this multifaceted subject.
In this paper, some concepts of translation have been collected as follow
Translation involves understanding the meaning of a source text and creating an equivalent target text that conveys the same message in a different language The original text is referred to as the source text, while the language into which it is translated is known as the target language The resulting text is often called the target text.
Translation by bilingual individuals, especially those with limited proficiency, can lead to the unintended transfer of idioms and expressions from the source language to the target language However, these inter-linguistic influences can also beneficially introduce calques and loanwords into the target language, enriching it with concepts that were previously absent or lacked suitable expressions.
Translation is the process of changing something that is written or spoken into another language (advanced Oxford Dictionary)
Translation is a bilingual mediated process of communication which ordinarily aims at the production of a TL text that is functionally equivalent to a SL text (Reiss, 1971:161)
Translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that author intended the text ( Newmark: 1988)
Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies (By Roger T.Bell)
Translation involves interpreting the meaning of a source text in one language and producing an equivalent target text in another language that conveys the same message, as defined by E.A Nida in 1959.
Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies (By Roger T Bell)
Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language (By Roger T Bell )
1.2: The meaning of lyrics
Lyrics can convey meaning in both explicit and implicit ways While some lyrics may be abstract and difficult to understand, analyzing them often focuses on their structure, rhythm, and expressive qualities In traditional musical genres like Opera, the lyricist plays the role of a librettist, crafting the words that complement the music.
Lyrics serve as a rich subject for academic study, often functioning as a form of social commentary that reflects political, social, and economic themes They carry culturally significant messages and incorporate aesthetic elements that enhance their meaning Additionally, analyzing the unity between lyrics and their accompanying music, as well as exploring aspects like tonality and contrast, reveals deeper insights into their artistic expression.
Lyric poetry is a brief form that conveys the personal emotions and thoughts of a single speaker, though this speaker is not always the poet themselves It encompasses various forms, such as dramatic monologues, elegies, haikus, odes, and sonnets From an academic standpoint, lyrics can serve as social commentary, addressing political, social, and economic themes while incorporating aesthetic elements These culturally significant messages may be conveyed explicitly or through metaphor and symbolism Additionally, lyrics can be analyzed for their unity with accompanying music, with particular focus on tonality and contrast.
1.3: Languages in the lyrics
The term "lyric," meaning the "words of a song," was first documented in 1876 Today, the plural form "lyrics" is commonly used, likely due to its association with the word "words." While the singular "lyric" is still grammatically correct, it is often viewed as incorrect when referring to a single word from a song.
Lyric derives from the Greek word lyrikos, meaning "singing to the lyre" A lyric poem is one that expresses a subjective, personal point of view
Translation serves as a vital tool for cross-cultural bilingual communication, fulfilling various specific purposes In recent decades, its significance has grown due to factors such as international trade, increased migration, globalization, recognition of linguistic minorities, and advancements in mass media and technology Consequently, translators play a crucial role as bilingual cross-cultural transmitters, striving to interpret concepts and speech in diverse texts with fidelity and accuracy.
Translation is often perceived as the process of converting text from a foreign language into one's mother tongue However, current market demands are shifting, requiring translators to increasingly render texts into a target language that may not be their native language, but rather another foreign language.
Translation primarily focuses on conveying meanings from one language to another, rather than merely transferring words or grammatical structures Recent developments in semantics highlight a shift from referential meaning to contextual and pragmatic meaning, which is crucial for translation and aligns with a communicative approach At this early stage of translation theory, examining the "Meaning of Words in Translation" is particularly relevant and should be integrated with language learning objectives in the curriculum.
The meaning of a word or phrase is best understood through its contribution to the overall meaning of the sentence or utterance in which it appears This meaning is influenced not only by the external object or idea the word refers to, but also by its specific usage, context, and intended effect.
Inadequate translations can have devastating consequences, particularly in critical fields like science, medicine, law, and technology, where even minor errors can lead to confusion or serious harm Therefore, it is essential to train translators not only in language proficiency and translation techniques but also in specialized knowledge areas and professional ethics.
So that, if we have sound linguistic knowledge, both theoretical and practical, and a wide cultural bilingual background, we will be successful in the profession.
2.1: What is translation
Translation plays a vital role in various aspects of life, including literature, culture, entertainment, scientific research, and education As a fundamental component of communication, it has inspired countless writers to explore its diverse definitions and significance.
In this paper, some concepts of translation have been collected as follow
Translation involves understanding the meaning of a source text and producing an equivalent text, known as the target text, in a different language The original text is referred to as the source text, while the language into which it is translated is called the target language.
Translation by bilingual individuals, especially those with limited proficiency, can lead to the unintended transfer of idioms and expressions from the source language to the target language However, these inter-linguistic spillages can also be beneficial, as they facilitate the introduction of calques and loanwords into a target language, enriching it with concepts that may have previously lacked appropriate expressions.
Translation is the process of changing something that is written or spoken into another language (advanced Oxford Dictionary)
Translation is a bilingual mediated process of communication which ordinarily aims at the production of a TL text that is functionally equivalent to a SL text (Reiss, 1971:161)
Translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that author intended the text ( Newmark: 1988)
Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies (By Roger T.Bell)
Translation involves interpreting the meaning of a source text in one language and producing an equivalent target text in another language that conveys the same message.
Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies (By Roger T Bell)
Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language (By Roger T Bell )
The author clearly outlines the complexities of equivalence in translation, noting that texts in various languages may exhibit varying degrees of equivalence—either fully or partially—across different levels of presentation, including context, semantics, grammar, and lexis Furthermore, this equivalence can occur at multiple ranks, such as word-for-word, phrase-for-phrase, or sentence-for-sentence.
Languages vary significantly, each possessing unique structures, codes, and rules that govern the formation of grammatical expressions, resulting in distinct meanings across different languages.
Translating from one language to another involves altering forms, and these differing forms often convey meanings that do not completely align Just as there are no absolute synonyms within a single language, it is not surprising to find a lack of direct synonyms between different languages.
Translation involves the ability to extract the meaning of a text from its original language and convey that meaning using the distinct structures and expressions of a second language.
Translation involves analyzing the vocabulary, grammatical structure, communication context, and cultural nuances of the source language text to grasp its meaning This understanding is then used to reconstruct the same meaning in the target language, ensuring that the vocabulary and grammar are suitable for the receptor language and its cultural context.
Text to be translated Translation discover re-express the meaning the meaning
The Overview Of Language Tasks In Translation
- Read and analyze for the basic meaning of the words
- Transfer the meaning in to the RL
- Make adjustment or “polish” to meet the stylistic requirements
An effective translation should accurately convey the original meaning while using natural language that resonates with the target audience It should be easily understood by readers unfamiliar with the source text The true measure of a translation's success lies in its ability to meet these essential criteria.
The ideal translation should be:
-Accurate: reproducing as exactly as possible the meaning of the source text
-Natural: using natural forms of the receptor language in the way that is appropriate to the kind of text being translated
-Communicative: expressing all aspects of the meaning in the way that is readily understandable to the intended audience.
2.2: Kinds of translation
Translation can be categorized into two main types: form-based and meaning-based Form-based translations, also known as literal translations, strive to maintain the structure of the source language In contrast, meaning-based translations, referred to as idiomatic translations, prioritize conveying the original message in a way that feels natural in the target language.
An interlinear translation provides a completely literal rendering of a source text, which is beneficial for linguistic studies that require an analysis of its linguistic features However, while such translations are useful for understanding the source language, they often fail to convey meaningful communication for speakers of the receptor language, resulting in translations that may sound nonsensical and lack practical value.
True literal translations are rare, as most translators opt for partially modified literal translations While they maintain the literal meaning of lexical items, they adjust the order and grammar to create acceptable sentence structures in the target language Despite these modifications, the final output often lacks a natural flow.
A translator employing a modified literal approach often alters grammatical structures when necessary but tends to adhere closely to the source text's form when possible, even if a more natural expression exists in the target language Both literal and modified literal translations frequently misstep by opting for direct lexical equivalents, leading to unclear and sometimes nonsensical outcomes While modified literal translations make adjustments to prevent outright errors, they still retain an unnatural quality that can hinder effective communication.
Idiomatic translations prioritize the natural structure and vocabulary of the target language, ensuring that the text feels original rather than translated A skilled translator aims for idiomatic expression, yet achieving consistency can be challenging Often, translations blend literal interpretations with idiomatic expressions, leading to variations in the naturalness of the language used As a result, some sections may read smoothly while others may revert to a more literal style.
The primary objective of a translator is to convey the same message from the source language into the receptor language while utilizing its natural grammatical and lexical structures An effective translation should reflect the meaning of the original text in a way that feels idiomatic and authentic to the target audience.
Parts of speech vary by language, with each language categorizing its lexicon into classes such as nouns, verbs, and adjectives These classifications can differ significantly across languages, leading to challenges in translation For instance, English often uses nouns to describe actions, while Vietnamese tends to express these actions as verbs, highlighting the complexities of cross-linguistic translation.
Most languages feature a category of words known as pronouns, but pronominal systems differ significantly across languages Translators must adapt to the pronoun forms of the target language, even when these may convey meanings that differ from those in the original language.
Grammatical structures differ between the source and receptor languages, often requiring the translation of passive constructions into active ones, or the reverse, to align with the natural syntax of the receptor language.
Certainly, there will be times by coincidence they match, but a translator should translate the meaning not concern himself with whether the forms turn out the same or not
Each language has its own idiomatic way of expressing meaning lexical items Languages abound in idioms, secondary meanings, metaphors, and other figurative meanings
Translation is a complex process that requires a deep understanding of both the source and receptor languages A skilled translator focuses on conveying meaning rather than adhering to literal translations By carefully analyzing the source text and seeking equivalent expressions in the receptor language, a translator can create translations that are not only adequate but also resonate naturally with readers The ultimate goal is to produce a text that feels original to the audience, allowing them to engage with the content without recognizing it as a translation.
2.3: Strategies for translators
The following strategies have been suggested by translators, commissioners of translations, and others involved in translating as way to approach difficulties in translations from English to Vietnamese
STRATEGY 1 : for non-equivalent at lexical level
Finding direct equivalents for English words in Vietnamese can be challenging, particularly for concepts that are relatively new or difficult to grasp, such as "gender." Sometimes, even when a concept is understood, there may not be a specific Vietnamese term to convey it Additionally, certain English words carry unique connotations that do not translate directly into Vietnamese To address these issues of non-equivalence, various strategies can be employed.
Translating by a more specific word
In certain situations, selecting a specific Vietnamese word for translating an English term is essential This process often requires choosing from multiple options, as various Vietnamese words may align with the broader meaning of the English word.
Translating by a more general word
In other cases, it may be appropriate to use a more general word to translate an English word with no specific Vietnamese equivalent
This strategy entails substituting a culture-specific item or expression with an alternative that conveys a similar meaning and impact in the translated text However, many Vietnamese translators, citing their self-proclaimed "respect" for the original text, often resist this approach and prefer direct translation, even when it may not be suitable.
Translating by using a loan word plus explanation
In Vietnam, some translators oppose the strategy of borrowing English words, favoring the creation of new Vietnamese terms Nonetheless, this approach proves beneficial for conveying new concepts, culture-specific items, and widely recognized names of diseases or medicines in English.
This strategy is applicable when translating English words or concepts that lack a direct equivalent in Vietnamese, or when the Vietnamese term fails to capture the full range of meanings associated with the English term.
While some translators may view it as extreme, omitting non-essential words or phrases can be a suitable strategy This is particularly relevant for terms that necessitate lengthy explanations or awkward paraphrases, as these can disrupt the text's flow and distract readers from its overall meaning.
STRATEGY 2 :for idioms and expressions
Translating idioms and set expressions presents unique challenges, as translators may not always recognize that they are working with idiomatic phrases This can lead to misunderstandings, especially since many idioms can appear to make sense when translated literally.
Using an idiom or a set expression of similar meaning and form
It is sometimes possible to find a Vietnamese idiom or expression with a similar meaning to an English idiom or expression, and which is expressed in the same way
Using an idiom or a set expression of similar meaning but different form
It is possible and easy to find a Vietnamese idiom with a similar meaning for an English idiom or set expression
When Vietnamese equivalents cannot be found, paraphrasing may be the best way to deal with an idiom or set expression in English
This strategy is effective for translating words or phrases that would otherwise need lengthy explanations or result in awkward paraphrases and unnatural translations It is also useful for phrases with dual meanings, allowing for one meaning to be prioritized over the other during the translation process.
STRATEGY 3 : for voice, number and person
The passive voice is used very often in English and poses some problems in Vietnamese translation
Both English and Vietnamese convey concepts of number and countability, but they do so differently In English, nouns are categorized grammatically into singular and plural forms, while Vietnamese does not make this grammatical distinction.
In Vietnamese, personal pronouns are intricately linked to kinship terms, reflecting participants' roles and forms of address Unlike English, which relies on context to convey meaning, Vietnamese pronouns incorporate various semantic components influenced by family relationships, age, gender, familiarity, social status, and even emotional tone When translating from Vietnamese to English, it is crucial to focus on the tone and the overall intent of the text, as English pronouns may not capture these nuanced distinctions.
STRATEGY 4 : on non-subject sentences(Vietnamese-English translation)
The following techniques could be used to translate the non-subject sentences in Vietnamese texts:
It + tobe + Adj + to infinitive
Use the subject that is found in the previous sentence(s)
Some main characteristics of newspaper headlines are as follow
Present participle = event in progress
Types of lyrics and their popular words and expressions
Types of lyrics
Songwriters are artists who use music to articulate our emotions and experiences, helping us navigate life's challenges They produce a diverse range of songs, featuring lyrics that evoke a spectrum of feelings, from romantic and hopeful to practical and critical However, it is important to acknowledge that some lyrics also contain unhealthy and sexually charged language.
1.1: Emotional, Romantic and Hopeful
Emotions are universal, yet many struggle to express them effectively in relationships This is why we often turn to music, replaying songs that resonate with our feelings Sharing a meaningful song with loved ones can convey deep affection, while romantic songs articulate the love we hold for our partners Additionally, some songs feature uplifting lyrics that inspire hope and motivation, encouraging us to embrace a brighter future Ultimately, music serves as a powerful medium for expressing emotions and enhancing our lives.
( Genie in the bottle – by Christina Aguilera )
“ I feel like I've been locked up tight For a century of lonely nights Waiting for someone to release me You're licking your lips And blowing kisses my way ”
Em cảm thấy mình bị giam cầm bởi những đêm cô đơn, chờ đợi một ai đó đến giải thoát, mang đến cho em những nụ hôn ấm áp.
“ I found a way to let you in
But, I never really had a doubt Standing in the light of your halo
I got my angel now It's like I've been awakened ”
Em đã mở lòng đón nhận anh vào cuộc sống của mình và chưa bao giờ hoài nghi về anh Dưới ánh hào quang của anh, em cảm thấy mình như một thiên thần, như thể em đã được đánh thức.
“ Everywhere I'm looking now I'm surrounded by your embrace Baby, I can see your halo You're everything I need and more ”
Bây giờ, ở bất kỳ đâu, em cảm nhận được sự che chở trong vòng tay của anh Anh yêu, em nhìn thấy vầng hào quang của anh; anh là tất cả những gì em cần và còn hơn thế nữa.
( Music of the sun – by Rihanna )
Feel the music all around you and let the rhythm guide your spirit No matter your background or where you come from, join in and dance to the vibrant sounds of the sun Leave your worries behind and embrace the joy of the moment until dawn arrives.
Âm nhạc đang lan tỏa xung quanh bạn, hãy nhắm mắt và để giai điệu dẫn lối Đừng bận tâm về danh tính hay nguồn gốc của bạn, hãy hòa mình vào điệu nhạc của ánh nắng Quên đi mọi rắc rối và cùng chờ đón ánh bình minh.
1.2: Practical and critical
Many song lyrics contain practical and critical themes, addressing pressing issues such as the environment, social injustices, and war These impactful lyrics serve a vital purpose in society, accurately reflecting the harsh realities and growing dangers we face today Increasing the number of such thought-provoking lyrics can help raise awareness about important topics, encouraging listeners to engage with the critical issues surrounding us.
( Earth song – by Michael Jackson )
“What about sunrise What about rain What about all the things That you said we were to gain ”
( Thế còn ánh hoàng hôn, còn những cơn mưa, còn tất cả những gì mà chúng ta đã nói sẽ giành lại )
“ Did you ever stop to notice All the blood we've shed before Did you ever stop to notice This crying Earth these weeping shores? ”
Con người có bao giờ suy nghĩ về những giọt máu mà nhiều người đã hy sinh? Liệu chúng ta có thực sự quan tâm đến Trái Đất và những bãi biển đang kêu gọi sự cứu giúp?
“ What have we done to the world
Look what we've done What about all the peace Did you ever stop to notice All the children dead from war ”
Hãy suy ngẫm về những gì chúng ta đã gây ra cho thế giới và nền hòa bình của nhân loại Liệu con người có bao giờ thực sự quan tâm đến những đứa trẻ đã mất mạng trong các cuộc chiến tranh?
I used to glance beyond the stars
Now I don't know where we are
Although I know we've drifted far
The heavens are falling down
We've turned kingdoms to dust
Have we lost their trust
We're ravaging the seas
What about the holy land
What about the common man
Can't we set him free
Can't you hear them cry
Where did we go wrong
What about all their joy What about the man What about the crying man What about Abraham What about death again
( We made you – by Eminem )
This talks about a famous female singer who is a lesbian and fall in love with a female, too
“ He does not mean to lesbian offend, but Lindsay, come back to seeing man, Samantha‟s a two, you‟re practically a ten ”
1.3: Unhealthy and sexual stimulated
Certain songs convey meaningful messages that positively impact society, while others, particularly those created by young artists, often contain negative themes and explicit language These harmful lyrics can adversely influence listeners, posing a risk to the youth in our communities.
These are some opinions of listeners about songs, also lyrics, and all of them are bad
As pop music continues to evolve, the increasing prevalence of censored language on top 40 radio raises questions among fans Since the release of Gwen Stefani's "Hollaback Girl," which prominently featured the phrase "This my sh**," there has been a notable surge in hit songs that incorporate explicit words, often masked in creative ways to fit radio standards.
Kanye West's decision to eliminate the "n" word from radio play of "Gold Digger" has led him to perform the censored version at concerts, where he encourages audience participation, allowing white attendees to sing the word freely In a similar vein, Panic! At The Disco's "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" features a unique form of censorship; the original song uses a strong word for emphasis, but the radio version replaces it with a sanitized term, leaving listeners puzzled about the alteration This highlights a disconnect in understanding language and censorship among audiences.
Recent top pop songs on the radio, including Fergie's "London Bridge" and Justin Timberlake's "SexyBack," prominently feature explicit language in their original versions Fergie's chorus includes the phrase "Oh Sh**," while Timberlake uses the MF word This trend may reflect changing societal norms, especially as even public figures like President Bush have been known to use profanity in formal settings, despite the FCC's increasing fines for indecent broadcasts.
( I wanna love you – by Akon )
( but the original title is “I wanna f… you" )
“I see you winding and grinding up on that pole,
I know you see me lookin' at you and you already know
I wanna f… you, you already know
I wanna f… you, you already know”
II.2: Some popular words and phrases in English songs
2.1: Words
“Hero” (người anh hùng); “strength” (sức mạnh); “survive” (tồn tại, sống sót); “hope” (hy vọng); “truth” (sự thực)
( I wanna love you forever – by Jessica Simpson )
“Cherish” (yêu thương); “mercy” (lòng nhân từ, sự may mắn)
( Big girls don’t cry – by Fergie )
“Clarity” (sự trong sáng, rõ ràng), “peace” (hòa bình)
2.2: Phrases
"Look deep within your heart and embrace the courage to let go of your fears, for a hero will emerge to guide you through the challenges ahead."
( I wanna love you forever – by Jessica Simpson )
“10,000 lifetimes together” (Ngàn đời ở bên nhau)
( Big girls don’t cry – by Fergie )
“Share our secret words” (Chia sẻ những điều bí mật)
Difficulties for translators in understanding and feeling the
LIMITED VOCABULARY
We typically discover the meaning of a word by consulting a dictionary, which serves as a comprehensive resource for analyzing word definitions Dictionaries compile and present the most commonly used meanings of words, ensuring that users have access to widely accepted interpretations.
In our journey of learning English as a foreign language, we engage in numerous exercises that highlight commonly used words These words often appear in various exercises, reference materials, and textbooks, showcasing their most prevalent meanings.
Focusing on popular meanings of words can lead us to overlook other valid interpretations that may be appropriate in different contexts.
Understanding the various meanings of words is essential for accurate translation of texts and lyrics While mastering every meaning can be challenging, especially for Vietnamese learners of English, achieving a comprehension level of 80 to 90 percent is attainable This success largely depends on individual learning processes and consistent practice The more we expand our vocabulary and grasp the nuances of different words, the more effectively we can translate lyrics and texts Ultimately, enhancing our knowledge of words leads to better translation outcomes, making it easier for those with limited vocabulary to understand new terms.
Grammar plays a crucial role in how readers comprehend song lyrics If you are not proficient in the language, understanding the meaning of a sentence can be challenging.
( Blue (Da Ba De) – by EIFFEL 65 )
“ I have a blue house with a blue window
Blue is the colour of all that I wear
Blue are the streets and all the trees are too ”
The term "blue" commonly refers to the color of a clear sky, the sea on sunny days, or objects like blue eyes and clothing In the lyrics, the color blue is depicted in relation to a house, a window, and the speaker's wardrobe, emphasizing that everything around them is blue, including trees This portrayal of blue resonates with our everyday experiences, making it a fitting choice within the context of the lyrics.
“ Tôi có một ngôi nhà xanh với một cửa sổ màu xanh”
“ And I need you like a heart needs a beat
I loved you with a fire red, now it's turning blue And you say sorry like an angel, heavens not the thing for you
But I'm afraid it's too late to apologize, it's too late ”
In this love song, the writer conveys a sense of disappointment and sadness through the use of the word "blue," which signifies a shift from passionate love to despair The lyric "I loved you with a fire red, now it's turning blue" illustrates the transformation of fervent affection into feelings of disheartenment and despondency Initially, the boy's love for his girlfriend was intense and devoted, but ultimately, he experiences a profound sense of loss as their relationship deteriorates.
( Anh luôn yêu em một cách nồng cháy, nhưng giờ đã thật chán ngắt ) not “ nhưng giờ chuyển sang màu xanh”
She lets down her hair polished lips that tear your heart from your chest ”
The term "fall" refers to the act of moving swiftly downward, often unintentionally, and signifies a descent influenced by gravity, which can involve losing balance or tumbling Additionally, "fall" can be paired with various prepositions, resulting in diverse interpretations For instance, in a lyric context, the phrase "fall away" suggests that the Scarlet's ribbon is gently dropping to the ground.
“ Những chiếc ruy-băng của Scarlet rơi xuống” not “Những chiếc ruy-băng của Scarlet ngã ra xa”
( Truth Begins – by DIRTY PRETTY THINGS )
“ What you want is to stay away from people like me
Who twist most everything they see And leave the grey old world behind you
So sow it up kid have some clout We‟ll do some wine and fall about The sun will shine again tomorrow ”
But in this lyric, the word “fall” when combining with the preposition
The term "about" can give rise to new meanings, leading to various forms of laughter such as shaking with laughter, laughing derisively, or even laughing uncontrollably When someone "falls about" or "falls about laughing," it signifies an intense and uncontrollable reaction to something humorous.
“ Chúng ta sẽ uống rượu và cười ngặt nghẽo” not “Chúng ta sẽ uống rượu và ngã về”
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
Besides, the cultural differences among nations should be mentioned
When crafting lyrics, songwriters and musicians infuse their cultural traditions, customs, and lifestyles, reflecting behaviors and perspectives that have been passed down through generations.
A person raised in a specific country naturally inherits its cultural traditions, which can vary significantly even within different regions of the same nation To truly grasp the diverse cultural practices around the globe, one must engage in learning through various resources such as books, websites, newspapers, and mass media This understanding sheds light on why musicians, despite sharing similar ideas, convey them in uniquely different ways.
Understanding cultural nuances is essential for effective communication, as certain words and phrases may be appropriate in one context but not in another By exploring diverse cultural traditions, we enrich our knowledge and gain insights into the human experience This cultural awareness enables us to accurately and effortlessly translate lyrics and expressions that resonate with us.
Therefore, if you do not have a thorough knowledge of English and its culture, it is improbable for you to understand lyrics, not counting feeling it
Word collocation refers to the natural combinations and associations that words form based on their meanings and the context in which they appear Each language has its unique principles governing these collocations, influencing how words are typically paired together in speech and writing Understanding word collocation is essential for mastering a language and enhancing communication skills.
2.1: Difficulty with set expressions
In Vietnamese, the term "uống" encompasses a wide range of liquids, such as water, beer, alcohol, medicine, and even poison In contrast, the English language makes clear distinctions between these types of drinks.
Drink beer/ water/ wine/ coffee Take medicine/ poison
“ I'm reaching in my cupboard for a painkiller Ah-uh ah-uh for a painkiller-killer-killer
In the fast-paced hustle of life, we strive to balance hard work with play, constantly seeking energy to stay charged Despite feeling exhausted and alert to the challenges ahead, we keep pushing forward, fueled by energy drinks It's remarkable that I remain awake and alive, even while facing the debilitating effects of my choices.
* ”take poison” means “ uống thuốc độc” not “ lấy thuốc độc”
In Vietnamese, the term "drink" encompasses all actions of swallowing liquids, including water, beer, wine, and even poison However, in English, the phrase "take poison" illustrates that not all liquids are expressed with the same verb This distinction shows that English employs specific word combinations to convey the act of consuming liquids, maintaining fixed expressions that do not alter their meanings.
In this lyric, the phrase "take poison" translates to "uống thuốc độc" in Vietnamese A direct word-for-word translation yields "lấy thuốc độc," which may lead to a misinterpretation of its intended meaning.
The interpretation of the lyric is often misunderstood, as it suggests an action of taking something that does not necessarily imply the individual is introducing poison into their body.
In Vietnamese, the verb "nói" (to say) can be used in various collocations such as "lời tạm biệt" (goodbye), "lời chào hỏi" (hello), "dối" (a lie), "sự thật" (the truth), and "tiếng Anh" (English) In contrast, the usage of "say" in English does not exhibit the same range of collocations.
Say hello/ goodbye/ yes/ no Tell a lie/ the truth/ a story Speak English/ French/ Chinese
( It's A Sin To Tell A Lie by JOHN DENVER )
“ Be sure it's true when you say I love you
It's a sin to tell a lie Millions of hearts have been broken Just because these words were spoken
I love you yes I do I love you
If you break my heart I'll die
So be sure that it's true When you say I love you It's a sin to tell a lie ”
* “tell a lie” means “nói dối” not “kể một lời nói dối”
As far as we know, Vietnamese use the word “nói” to indicate all the action of making sounds Really, we can combine “nói” (say) with “hello”,
In English, the verbs "say," "speak," "tell," and "talk" each have distinct uses and contexts The word "tell" specifically conveys the act of informing someone about something, whether through spoken or written communication For instance, instead of directly translating "tell a lie" as "kể một lời nói dối," it is more accurately expressed in English as simply "to tell a lie."
2.2: Difficulty at collective noun
In Vietnamese, the term "đàn" can be paired with various nouns like "cá" (fish), "chim" (bird), "sư tử" (lion), and "gia súc" (cattle) In English, however, there are multiple words that convey the meaning of "đàn."
( Pride Of Lions by TOKYO SKA PARADISE ORCHESTRA )
“ An innocent boy‟s going to find a dream
Someone‟s going off the rails Tiny poets are going to the end Treating life as a book on fire Naked eyes are open wide
“What‟s the meaning of my life?”
A wise man shouts a prudent verse
He‟s hiding anger Wake up to play the game of truth
A pride of lions runs about
You‟ve lost your mind but keep fighting
*“A pride of lions” means “đàn sư tử” not “niềm tự hào của những con sư tử”
In Vietnamese, the term “đàn” is used to refer to all groups of cattle or animals, whereas English employs specific terms for different animal groups For instance, in the lyrics, a group of lions is referred to with a distinct collective noun.
The term "pride," meaning "niềm tự hào," does not pertain to the collective noun for lions Therefore, the phrase "A pride of lions" should be translated as "đàn sư tử" rather than "niềm tự hào của những con sư tử."
( Whole Lot Of Love by TOM T HALL )
“ We live on a farm in Tennessee like old McDonald's was
We have all the things that a farm should have and a whole lot of love
We have a brace of ducks and a clutch of chicks
Cry of hounds and a candle of kits Enough of frogs and as it gets dark and an exaltation of larks
We live on a farm in Tennessee
We have a drove of cattle and a grist of bees
A colony of ants and a gaggle of geese
A school of fish and a murder of crows and a great big tribe of goats
We live on a farm in Tennessee ”
* “A school of fish” means “đàn cá” not “một trường học cá”
Another example, we have to use the word “school” which means
“trường học”, but we can not translate “Một trường học cá”, we translate
“Một đàn cá” Those combinations are really fixed and unchangeable
III.3: DIFFICULTY IN TRANSLATING SLANG AND IDIOMS
3.1: Difficulty in translating slang…
Slang consists of informal words and phrases commonly used in spoken language, particularly among specific groups or communities It is typically considered inappropriate for formal contexts and tends to evolve quickly, making it less suitable for long-term use.
In today's music scene, particularly within Hip-hop and R&B genres, artists are increasingly writing their own lyrics, reflecting authentic experiences and everyday life These lyricists often incorporate relatable language and slang, resonating strongly with youth culture and appealing to their diverse styles and preferences.
Non-native speakers often struggle to understand slang words, making it challenging to translate lyrics that include such terms Learners of foreign languages frequently encounter difficulties when trying to grasp the meaning of slang in songs.
Many learners invest years in studying English yet still struggle to comprehend native speakers This challenge arises because native speakers often use expressions and phrases not found in dictionaries Interestingly, even among British people, mutual understanding can be elusive at times.
The UK is home to a variety of regional accents, with many areas featuring distinct dialects characterized by unique vocabulary and grammatical structures In London alone, there are at least six indigenous accents, showcasing the city's rich linguistic diversity.
In the UK, a person's accent is influenced not only by their place of birth but also by factors such as social class and educational background Additionally, language variations exist across different age groups, with younger individuals often using distinct words and pronunciations that can differ significantly from those of adults.
The word “yoof” is a slang spelling of “youth” Some people consider
“yoof” to be a negative term, since its pronunciation is easier and lazier than
The term "youth" is viewed positively by many, as it highlights how young people are developing their own language, concepts, and identities This generational shift often leads to a communication gap where parents struggle to understand their children, allowing youth to express themselves more freely without parental censorship.
Young people today are embracing freedom, independence, and self-expression, leading to the emergence of a vibrant "yoof culture." The dynamic nature of this culture makes it impossible to compile a definitive list of youth slang, as new terms constantly emerge and fade away, similar to trends in fashion.
However, a few features of the yoof style of language are as follows:
„cuz / „coz / „cause = because; I ain‟t = I am not ; Gonna = Going to ; Wanna = Want to ; Gotta = Have got to ; Yeah = Yes
Instead of saying something like „That‟s good!‟ or „I understand‟, yoof will use a single adjective like „Safe!‟, „Sorted!‟, „Sound!‟, „Cool!‟ or „Wicked!‟
Instead of „She then said no!‟, yoof will say „She was like: no!‟
Instead of „…if you understand what I‟m saying‟, yoof will say
Instead of „think‟, „the‟, „that‟, „what‟ and „because‟, yoof will say
„fink‟, „da‟, „dat‟, „wot‟ and „coz‟
Instead of „She‟s attractive!‟, yoof will say „She‟s fine!‟ or „She‟s fit!‟
Young people often prefer using the tag "innit" instead of traditional tag questions like "isn't it?", "can't you?", or "don't they?" For example, they might say, "It's hot, innit?", "You can dance really well, innit?", or "They always say that, innit?" This trend reflects a shift in conversational style among youth.
Instead of using „very‟ or „really‟, yoof will use „well‟ (e.g „I‟m well tired‟ or „You well got it wrong!‟)
Instead of „I don‟t care!‟, a yoof will say „Whatever!‟
I prefer to keep things elevated, sharing my lifestyle like a true player If you visit my place, I might reveal a few secrets to you I see you as a superstar, and with a figure like yours, it's essential to make a statement before achieving fame.
In this lyric, we can see some slang, “wanna” means “want to”, “gotta” means “have got to”, “getting” means “getting”
( Sexy Bitch – by DAVID GUETTA )
“ They say she low down It's just a rumor and I don't believe em They say she needs to slow down The baddest thing around town ”
The word “em” in this lyric refers to “them”
“ Wake up in the mornin feelin like P diddy Got my glasses i'm out the door gonna hit this city Before I leave, brush my teeth with a bottle of jack
When I leave for the night, I’m not returning, and I’m all about enjoying life with pedicures and fun Get ready to celebrate because the party truly begins when I arrive.
Don't stop, make it pop
DJ, blow my speakers up ”
3.2: Difficulty in translating idioms
Understanding and translating idioms, proverbs, and local dialects can be challenging Here are some examples of song lyrics that illustrate the use of idiomatic expressions.
“ I should've seen it comin' should've seen the signs Seems that there's a break in our communication lines You haven't heard me talkin' for a long long time
I guess you're in a new dimension but I'm still in mine Look out 'cause I'm a bull in a china shop ”
Idioms play a significant role in English song lyrics, presenting a unique challenge for translators Successfully translating idiomatic expressions demands not only a strong grasp of the language but also an understanding of the cultural nuances of both the source and target languages Without considering the specific contexts and cultural traits associated with each idiom, accurate translation becomes nearly impossible.
In English culture, the term "bull in a china shop" symbolizes a clumsy person, with the bull representing awkwardness This lyric effectively anthropomorphizes the bull, transforming it into a relatable character that embodies human traits of clumsiness.
( a bull in a china shop : người thô lỗ vụng về trong khi cần sự khéo léo và thận trọng ) not “ Con bò đực trong cửa hàng Trung Quốc”
( Storm in a Tea Cup – by HILLOY RAY )
“ I woke up in the morning to drink some tea - But suddenly I noticed a strange honey bee ! She was buzzing all over the room,
So I picked up a long yellow broom ! Soon I chased her out but she stung my face, 'Cause she was mad to follow a broom race ! Out of fear, I jumped on a too small table, When my leg slipped and broke the TV cable ! Tea was spilled and I got a strong hiccup, What a mishap ! A storm in a tea cup !!!! ”
A "storm" typically refers to extreme weather characterized by strong winds, heavy rain, and often thunder and lightning However, the term also metaphorically describes intense emotions, especially when paired with the phrase "in a teacup." The expression "a storm in a teacup" illustrates a situation where an individual exaggerates a minor issue, making it appear far more significant than it truly is Thus, when someone amplifies a small problem, they are effectively creating "a storm in a teacup."
Cụm từ "cơn bão trong một cốc trà" không chỉ đơn thuần miêu tả một hiện tượng thời tiết mà còn phản ánh sự rối rít, om sòm và lo âu về những vấn đề không quan trọng Nó thể hiện cách mà con người thường phóng đại những chuyện nhỏ nhặt, khiến chúng trở nên lớn lao và đáng chú ý hơn thực tế Việc bé xé ra to, hay làm to chuyện từ những điều không đâu, là một phần của tâm lý xã hội mà chúng ta thường gặp trong cuộc sống hàng ngày.
( Down And Out – by GENESIS )
“ It's good to be here! How've you been?
Check my bags boy! Where's my room?
Gotta sit on the phone, that's my game, Keep up the pressure all the way!
I don't want to beat about the bush but none of us are getting any younger ”
The phrase "beat around the bush" refers to the act of avoiding direct communication about a difficult or embarrassing topic, often to prevent upsetting the other person It combines the meanings of "beat," which means to strike repeatedly, and "bush," a low shrub with many branches This expression is typically used in a negative context, indicating a reluctance to address an issue straightforwardly.
When someone is unclear in their communication, making it difficult to grasp their meaning, they are said to be "beating around the bush." This phrase applies when individuals ask questions or make suggestions without directly stating their intentions.
( to beat about the bush : nói vòng vo, quanh co, không đi vào điểm chính) not “ Đập bụi rậm”
( Carrot Juice Is Murder – by ARROGANT WORMS )
“ I've heard the screams of the vegetables (scream, scream, scream) Watching their skins being peeled (having their insides revealed)
Grated and steamed with no mercy (burning off calories)
How do you think that feels (bet it hurts really bad) Carrot juice constitutes murder (and that's a real crime)
Greenhouses prisons for slaves (let my vegetables go) It's time to stop all this gardening (it's dirty as hell)
A spade is a durable digging tool characterized by its thick handle and heavy, flat blade, designed for easy foot pressure when penetrating the ground Commonly used for moving soil, the spade is an essential instrument in gardening and landscaping.
"To 'call a spade a spade' means to speak plainly and honestly about a subject, even if it is uncomfortable or unpleasant This phrase emphasizes the importance of addressing issues directly and truthfully, particularly those that others may shy away from due to their sensitive or embarrassing nature."
To call a spade a spade means to candidly reveal the truth about someone, especially when others are hesitant to do so This phrase is not a racial slur; rather, it serves to eliminate euphemisms and directly address the situation at hand.
(call a spade a spade : nói rõ ràng và thẳng thắn, nói toạc móng heo) not “ Gọi cái xẻng là cái xẻng”
( Love To Love You – by CARAVAN )
“ Oh, I would love to, love to love you Yes, indeed, I do love you, love you
My, my, pigs might fly, that can't be bad How you have the cheek to smile and tell me I'm mad ”
Pigs are mammals characterized by short legs, cloven hooves, bristly hair, and a cartilaginous snout, primarily recognized as farm animals raised for their meat Despite common expressions like "pigs might fly," which convey skepticism or the improbability of miracles occurring, it is important to note that pigs are not capable of flight This phrase is often used to indicate that something is highly unlikely to happen or succeed.
The idiom "pigs will fly" represents the concept of something highly improbable or nonsensical This phrase has numerous variations, all conveying the idea of events that are unlikely to happen.
Other forms that have appeared at various times include “pigs could fly if they had wings”, and “pigs may fly, but they are very unlikely birds”
Câu thành ngữ "pigs might fly" được sử dụng để thể hiện sự hoài nghi hoặc thiếu tin tưởng vào một điều gì đó khó xảy ra, mặc dù trong cuộc sống có thể xảy ra những điều kỳ lạ nhưng rất hiếm Câu này không nên được hiểu theo nghĩa đen là "những con lợn có thể bay", mà mang ý nghĩa sâu xa hơn về những khả năng không tưởng.