INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Throughout my four years at Duy Tan University, I honed my professional translation skills by engaging with various genres, including economic reports, news articles, literary works, and poetry Now, I am eager to embrace a new challenge in a field I am passionate about: Facebook Marketing.
In recent years, social networks, particularly Facebook, have gained immense popularity and integrated into daily life Despite this, many users remain unaware of the full range of Facebook Marketing features available to them Consequently, numerous research articles are published annually, exploring the various functionalities of Facebook.
"Addressing Privacy Concerns" examines the evolution of Facebook's privacy policy and its implications for businesses Understanding these changes is crucial, as they impact personal profiles, business pages, and apps on the platform This article highlights the importance of being aware of privacy issues on Facebook and how they can affect your business operations and customer trust.
Therefore, understanding them requires a solid linguistic background, grasping technical terms, analyzing sentence structures correctly, and writing phrases or words that best fit the target language.
I realized that this is an interesting challenge for me At the same time,
I can learn and improve my translation skills through this graduation paper.
Finally, I also finished the translation with all my efforts I hope my translation can bring people a lot of useful and interesting information about the Social Media.
Aims and Objectives
- Showing my skills in translating a document
- Having capability to analyze difficult words and structures
- Understanding and overcoming language barriers between two countries
- Communicating the author's intended message to readers
After translating graduation paper, I achieved the following goals:
- Translating text smoothly and naturally
- Analyzing complicated words, phrases, structures, contexts, etc.
Scope of the Study
This graduation paper focuses on Chapter 2, titled "Addressing Privacy Concerns," from the book "Facebook Marketing: Leveraging Facebook’s Features for Your Marketing Campaigns, Third Edition" by Brian Carter and Justin Levy, published in 2012 I will translate this chapter into Vietnamese and analyze key aspects of its grammatical structure and vocabulary.
During the translation process, I find out some difficulties when I translated such as social network term, the way to use English grammar, and some other problems of language.
This essential book is a must-read for anyone keen on integrating Facebook into their business strategy, particularly small business owners and corporate marketing professionals It provides valuable insights for CEOs, CMOs, and PR and communications experts looking to enhance their brand's online presence Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of leveraging Facebook for business success, along with the tools to demonstrate its value to colleagues and stakeholders.
Chapter 2, "Addressing Privacy Concerns," examines the evolution of Facebook's privacy policy and its implications for businesses Understanding the nuances of privacy on Facebook is crucial, as it impacts personal profiles, business pages, apps, and various other aspects of the platform This section highlights the importance of being informed about privacy issues to effectively navigate and protect your business's interests on Facebook.
The book is divided into 11 chapters, but I chose Chapter 2 to translate and analyze for my graduation thesis Many people will be inspired as a result of reading this book.
In the graduation thesis, I chose to translate Chapter 2 of Part 1 of the book
" Facebook Marketing: Leveraging Facebook’s Features for Your Marketing Campaigns, Third Edition” The translation is approximately 4,025 words long.
The text is divided into a lot of small sections and it is organized as follows:
Part one: The Two Faces of Privacy on Facebook
Part three: Facebook’s Privacy Policy
This text comes from the book: “Facebook Marketing: Leveraging Facebook’s Features for Your Marketing Campaigns, Third Edition” written by by Brain Carter and Justin Levy in 2012.
Brian Carter is recognized as a top Internet marketing expert globally, boasting over 30,000 Twitter followers and a reach exceeding 50,000 fans across platforms like Facebook and LinkedIn As a sought-after speaker and trainer at prestigious marketing conferences such as Socialize, SEOmoz, SMX, Pubcon, and the American Marketing Association, he stands out as a leading authority in the field of Internet marketing.
Justin Levy serves as the head of social communications for Citrix Systems' Online Services Division and is a versatile media creator at justinrlevy.com He is a highly regarded public speaker specializing in social media, marketing, and technology Additionally, Justin is the author of the second edition of "Facebook Marketing: Designing Your Next Marketing Campaign."
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
Definition
Translation is a concept that can be defined in various ways, influenced by individual perspectives As there are numerous languages globally, the definitions of translation vary significantly Here are several interpretations of what translation entails.
“Translation is the replacement of textual material in one language (source language) by equivalent textual material in another language (target language)” [1]
“Translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text” [2]
“Translation is a process of conveying messages across linguistic and cultural barriers” [3]
The primary challenge in translation practice is identifying suitable equivalents in the target language Meanwhile, a key objective of translation theory is to explore the characteristics and conditions that define translation equivalence.
Translation is a complex process that involves converting a source language into a target language To achieve accurate translations, it is essential for translators to possess a deep understanding of both theoretical concepts and practical experience.
Types of Categories
There are many types of translation Type of categories of translation may be defined in terms of extent, levels, and ranks of translation.
Understanding different translation categories is essential for accurate communication By applying these methods in my translations, I can minimize errors and prevent misunderstandings throughout the translation process.
The distinction pertains to the scope of the source language (SL) text involved in the translation process, which can range from an entire book to a single clause or even a conceptual idea that lacks a formal linguistic structure.
According to J.C Carford [4], there are two categories of translation: full and partial.
In a “full” translation, the entire text is submitted to the translation process that is every part of the SL text is replaced with TL text material.
Example: The race ended and ended the hopes too What La Liga has is just the name of Real Madrid Barca has been left behind.
Cuộc đua La Liga đã chính thức khép lại, khi Real Madrid vươn lên dẫn đầu, trong khi Barcelona đã bị bỏ lại phía sau, chấm dứt mọi hy vọng cạnh tranh.
In a “partial” translation, some part or parts of the SL text are left non- translated: they are simply transferred to and incorporated in the TL text.
Example: There are five famous bridges in Danang.
Suggested version: Có năm cây cầu nổi tiếng tại Đà Nẵng.
This distinction relates to the levels of language involved in translation
In "total" translation, every level of the source language (SL) text is substituted with target language (TL) material However, the term "total" can be misleading, as this process does not involve equivalent replacements at all levels.
In "total" translation, SL grammar and lexis are replaced with equivalent
TL grammar and lexis This replacement entails the replacement of SL phonology/ graphology with TL phonology/ graphology, but this normally replacement with TL equivalents
Example: There is a legend about a bird which sings just once in its life, more sweetly than any other creature on the face of the earth.
Có một truyền thuyết nói về một con chim chỉ hót một lần trong đời, nhưng khi nó cất tiếng, âm thanh của nó ngọt ngào hơn bất kỳ loài chim nào khác trên trái đất.
In "restricted" translation, SL is replaced with equivalent one at only one level (phonologically/graphologically) or at only one of the two levels of grammar and lexis
Example: Khi mới về làm dâu, con rất sợ thầy.
Suggested version: At the time to be a daughter-in-law, I was afraid of father.
In this translation, the main thing is SL phonology is replaced with equivalent TL one, but there are hardly other important replacements
Phonological translation can inadvertently lead to grammatical or lexical alterations For instance, the English plural "cats" may be translated as the singular "cat" in target languages that lack final consonant clusters.
Source language graphology is replaced with equivalent target one without other considerable replacements.
Methods and Principles
Interlinear translation typically places the target language (TL) directly beneath the source language (SL) words, maintaining the original word order In this method, words are translated individually based on their most common meanings, often without considering context Cultural terms are translated literally, and this word-for-word approach is primarily used to grasp the structure of the SL or to facilitate the translation of complex texts as a preliminary step.
Example: There is a book on the table.
Suggested version: Có một quyển sách ở trên bàn
The SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents, but the lexical words are again translated singly out of context.
As a pre-translation process, this indicates the problem to be solved.
Example: Put your batteries on.
Suggested version: Đặt pin của bạn vào.
A faithful translation aims to accurately convey the original context while adhering to the grammatical structures of the target language It effectively transfers cultural terminology and maintains the level of grammatical and lexical uniqueness found in the source text The goal is to remain entirely true to the author's intentions and the original text's expression.
Example: Bao giờ cho đến tháng mười?
Suggested version: When will the tenth month come?
This translation method emphasizes the aesthetic value of the source language text, prioritizing natural sound and beauty over strict adherence to meaning It allows for compromises, avoiding jarring elements like assonance or wordplay Less significant cultural terms may be translated using neutral functional equivalents rather than direct cultural counterparts, making minor concessions for the target readership The key difference between "faithful" and "semantic" translation lies in their approach; faithful translation is rigid and uncompromising, while semantic translation is more flexible, permitting creative exceptions and fostering a deeper empathetic connection with the original text.
Example: She has a sunny smile on her face.
Suggested version: Cô bé có nụ cười tỏa nắng trên khuôn mặt.
The "freest" form of translation, primarily utilized for plays and poetry, focuses on preserving themes, characters, and plots while adapting the source language (SL) culture to the target language (TL) context This approach involves a creative rewriting of the text to ensure it resonates with the new audience.
(The Daffodils by William Wordsworth)
Suggested version: Là đám mây tôi lang thang phiêu bạt.
The method replicates the essence of the material while disregarding its original structure, resulting in a paraphrase that is typically more extensive than the source text This process, known as "intralingual translation," often appears verbose, affected, and may seem entirely untransformed.
Example: The film is beyond any words.
Suggested version: Bộ phim không chê vào đâu được.
The method aims to convey the precise contextual meaning of the original text, ensuring that both the content and language are easily understandable for the audience This type of translation is frequently found in radio broadcasts and newspapers, where communicative and semantic translation can sometimes align.
Example: New one in, old one out.
Suggested version: Có mới nới cũ.
Translated version: Chào nhé! Hôm nay cậu thế nào?
While this article is not a theoretical piece, students can benefit from certain guidelines to assess their own translation work The following general principles apply universally to all aspects of translation.
The context of the original language should be faithfully reflected in the translation Although a portion of the meaning may be transformed, translators should not add or remove anything arbitrarily.
The translation should closely mirror the original text's word order and ideas When uncertain, highlight the key words in the original to identify where the main emphasis lies In English, this emphasis can be achieved by altering the word order and utilizing varied sentence structures.
Languages vary significantly in their formality levels, particularly in contexts such as business letters To effectively navigate these differences, translators need to identify and differentiate between formal or fixed expressions and more personal expressions.
Idiomatic expressions are notoriously untranslatable These include similes, metaphors, proverbs, saying, jargons, slangs, colloquialisms, and phrasal verbs
If the expressions cannot be directly translated, try any of the following:
- Retain the original word, in inverted commas
- Retain the original expression, with a literal explanation in brackets
- Use a non-itliomalic or plain prose translation
A translator should maintain the original style of the text; however, if the writing is poorly crafted or excessively repetitive, it is acceptable for the translator to make corrections for the benefit of the reader.
One of the most frequent criticisms of translation is that it does not sound natural
The translator's choices can be heavily influenced by the original text, which may hinder the natural flow of the translation To mitigate this, it's effective to momentarily set aside the source language (SL) text and translate a few sentences from memory This approach encourages the use of natural thought patterns in the target language, leading to a more authentic and fluid translation.
Context in Translating
Context is the one which occurs before (or) after a word, a phrase or even along utterance or text.
The context often helps in understanding the particular meaning of the word, phrase, etc.
The context may also be the broader social situation in which a linguistic item is used.
In translation, the context is understood as the “WHAT”, “WHERE” and
“TO WHOM” of our communication.
SUGGESTED TRANSLATION
Throughout this book, you will be encouraged to take advantage of the many features available in
To enhance your Facebook profile, ensure that you've completed essential details such as your city, state, phone number, marital status, and uploaded photos Additionally, tagging videos and linking notes can enrich your presence As you progress, consider leveraging your marketer instincts by creating a dedicated Page to further engage with your audience.
Group and link that to your profile.
Maybe you thought about the amount of personal and professional information you’re sharing Maybe not Maybe you have taken the time to review the
Terms of Service and Privacy Policy.
But, chances are, like every other
Terms of Service or Privacy Policy, you haven’t bothered to look Have you thought of the ways in which
(Đ1) 2 Giải quyết các mối quan tâm về quyền riêng tư
Trong cuốn sách này, bạn sẽ được khuyến khích tận dụng các tính năng của Facebook, bao gồm việc cập nhật thông tin cá nhân như thành phố, tiểu bang, số điện thoại và tình trạng hôn nhân Bộ phận tiếp thị sẽ hướng dẫn bạn cách tạo Trang hoặc Nhóm và liên kết chúng với hồ sơ cá nhân Bạn có thể đã xem xét Điều khoản dịch vụ và Chính sách quyền riêng tư, nhưng có thể chưa nghĩ đến cách những chính sách này ảnh hưởng đến khả năng tiếp thị thương hiệu của bạn Bạn có biết rằng thông tin bạn chia sẻ có thể được tìm thấy bởi Google và các công cụ tìm kiếm khác? Liệu bạn có nên tách biệt tài khoản cá nhân khỏi các hoạt động tiếp thị? Đây là những câu hỏi quan trọng liên quan đến quyền riêng tư mà nhiều người đang thảo luận khi sử dụng Facebook.
As Facebook evolves, it is increasingly serving as a platform for online reputation management and personal branding, rather than just a space for casual socializing Users now leverage Facebook for both personal and professional purposes, raising important questions about how shared information can impact brand marketing and visibility It's crucial to consider where your shared content may appear and whether search engines like Google can access it This leads to concerns about maintaining privacy and the necessity of separating personal accounts from marketing activities on social media.
Khi Facebook phát triển, nó đã vượt ra ngoài vai trò của một trang mạng cá nhân đơn thuần Ngày nay, người dùng không chỉ truy cập để thư giãn hay trò chuyện với bạn bè, mà còn sử dụng Facebook như một công cụ quan trọng trong quản lý danh tiếng trực tuyến và xây dựng thương hiệu cá nhân cũng như nghề nghiệp Nền tảng này trở thành nơi kết nối cá nhân và mở rộng mạng lưới nghề nghiệp hiệu quả.
Facebook grows larger and people continue to blur the line between personal and professional, concerns over privacy continue to grow.
(P3) Privacy within Facebook needs to be addressed on multiple levels:
- The sharing of personal information and whether, because of that, you should use
Facebook as a professional tool as well.
- How to properly configure the privacy settings for both your personal profile and any Pages or Groups you administer and manage.
Chính sách cho phép bạn hoạt động trong lĩnh vực nghề nghiệp và mạng lưới truyền thanh Khi Facebook ngày càng phát triển và ranh giới giữa cuộc sống cá nhân và công việc trở nên mờ nhạt, mối quan tâm về quyền riêng tư ngày càng gia tăng.
(Đ3) Quyền riêng tư trong Facebook cần được giải quyết ở nhiều mức độ:
- Việc chia sẻ thông tin cá nhân và việc bạn có nên sử dụng Facebook như một công cụ nghề nghiệp hay không.
- Cách định dạng cài đặt quyền riêng tư chính xác cho cả hồ sơ cá nhân của bạn và bất kỳ Trang hoặc Nhóm nào mà bạn quản lý.
- Điều khoản Dịch vụ và Chính sách Quyền riêng tư nào thực sự cho phép bạn thực hiện trongFacebook
- How all this ties together and affects marketers trying to use
Facebook as part of their marketing strategy for their brand, product, or service.
All these issues are addressed throughout the next few pages.
(P4) The Two Faces of Privacy on
Because Facebook started out as a personal network, it has been a hard transition for people to become used to it as a professional network.
LinkedIn as a professional network and Facebook as a personal network But with the growth rate of
Facebook, many began to turn to it as a personal branding tool and professional network Marketers
Tất cả các yếu tố này liên kết chặt chẽ và ảnh hưởng đến các nhà tiếp thị trong việc sử dụng Facebook như một công cụ quan trọng trong chiến lược tiếp thị cho thương hiệu, sản phẩm hoặc dịch vụ của họ.
Tất cả những vấn đề này được giải quyết trong vài trang tiếp theo.
(Đ4) Hai khía cạnh của quyền riêng tư trên Facebook
Facebook, ban đầu chỉ là một mạng xã hội cá nhân, đã trải qua một quá trình chuyển đổi để trở thành một nền tảng kết nối công việc Trong khi LinkedIn được sử dụng chủ yếu cho mục đích nghề nghiệp, ngày càng nhiều người đã chuyển sang Facebook để xây dựng thương hiệu cá nhân và mở rộng mạng lưới kết nối của họ Sự phát triển nhanh chóng của Facebook đã thúc đẩy người dùng tận dụng nền tảng này cho các mục tiêu nghề nghiệp và giao tiếp chuyên nghiệp.
Pages, Groups, and advertisements as a way to reach out to their prospects, customers, and fans.
The shift towards using Facebook as a professional network has posed a dilemma for many individuals, who are hesitant to blend their personal and professional lives Despite their reservations, colleagues, competitors, and companies are increasingly active on the platform As professionals cultivate friendships within their industries, they often seek to connect on Facebook, further blurring the boundaries between work and personal relationships.
Foster of Web Worker Daily points out, we don’t want to confuse
You can successfully blend professionalism with personal touch in your work Marketers are increasingly utilizing Facebook through Pages, Groups, and advertising to effectively connect with potential customers, existing clients, and their fan base.
Sự chuyển đổi từ Facebook thành một nền tảng nghề nghiệp đã tạo ra khó khăn cho nhiều người, khi họ không muốn sử dụng mạng xã hội này cho mục đích công việc Tuy nhiên, sự cạnh tranh từ đồng nghiệp và công ty đã khiến họ phải xem xét lại Khi xây dựng mối quan hệ trong ngành, nhu cầu kết nối bạn bè ngày càng tăng, dẫn đến việc nhiều người chuyển sang Facebook Điều này làm mờ ranh giới giữa "nơi làm việc" và "nơi ở" Như Dawn Foster từ Web Worker Daily đã chỉ ra, chúng ta cần phân biệt rõ giữa "cá nhân" và "riêng tư".
You can easily manage your time on social media without much effort Many users often misunderstand what it means to be personal on these platforms.
‘private.’ The reality is that you get to decide what to share and what not to share, so you can still keep most areas of your private life private.”
(P6) To deal with this dilemma, individuals typically have three options to choose from:
- A single Facebook profile that combines personal and professional.
Facebook cho phép người dùng kết hợp công việc và đời sống cá nhân một cách dễ dàng trên mạng xã hội Nhiều người thường nhầm lẫn giữa khái niệm 'cá nhân' và 'riêng tư' khi sử dụng các nền tảng này Tuy nhiên, bạn hoàn toàn có thể kiểm soát thông tin mình chia sẻ, giúp bảo vệ những bí mật trong cuộc sống riêng tư của mình.
(Đ6) Để đối phó với tình huống khó xử này, mọi người thường có ba phương án để lựa chọn:
- Một hồ sơ Facebook duy nhất kết hợp cá nhân
Facebook profiles: one personal and one professional.
- Keeping Facebook personal only and not mixing work into it.
Each option presents distinct advantages and disadvantages, and there is currently no definitive solution or best practice While the implications may not be immediately apparent, understanding these factors is crucial for marketers and businesses Let's delve into each alternative.
You can use a personal profile for business networking purposes, but if you go over the line in the mind of any friend, they could report you to
Excessively sending friend requests to individuals who are not familiar with you on Facebook can lead to being reported, which may result in the restriction of your ability to send new friend requests.
If you don’t mind mixing the và công việc.
- Hai hồ sơ Facebook khác nhau: một hồ sơ cá nhân và một hồ sơ công việc.
- Chỉ giữ Facebook cá nhân và không trộn lẫn công việc vào đó.
Mỗi phương án đều có ưu và nhược điểm riêng, nhưng chưa có giải pháp tối ưu nào được xác định rõ ràng Dù chưa hoàn chỉnh, việc này vẫn rất quan trọng đối với bạn, với tư cách là nhà tiếp thị hoặc doanh nghiệp Vì vậy, hãy cân nhắc kỹ lưỡng từng lựa chọn.
(Đ7) Hồ sơ Facebook cá nhân