VIEN KHOA HOC XA HC)I VIET NAM VIEN NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT • • BE TAl CAP BO: “NHlTNG l u a n c tr KHOA h o c c h o v ie c d o i m i v A HOAN THIEN HE THONG PHAP LUAT VIET NAM TRONG BOI c An h H0INHAP QUOC TE” BAO CAO TOM TAT KET QUA NGHIEN CLTU Chu nhiem De tai: GS TSKH Dao T ri Uc HA NOI, 2009 II Nhirng ngtroi tham gia thyc hien Be tai GS TSKH Dao Tri Uc, Chu nhiem De tai Th.s Cao Viet Thang, Thu ky D6 tai PGS.TS Pham Huru Nghi, Vien Nha nuac va phap luat PGS.TS Ha Thi Mai Hien, Vien Nha nuac va phap luat PGS TS Nguyln Manh Khang, Vien Nha nuac va phap luat TS Nguyln Thi Viet Huong, Vien Nha nuac va phap luat TS Nguyen Due Minh, Vien Nha nuac va phap luat Th.s Duong Quynh Hoa, Vien Nha nuac va phap luat Th.s T iin Van Bien, Vien Nha nude va phap luat 10.Th.s Phan Thanh Ha, Vien Nha nuac va phap luat 11 PGS.TS Phung Th6 VSc, Hoc vien An ninh nhan dan 12.PGS.TS Nguyen Tat Vien, Bo Tu phap 13.Th.s Dao Bao Ngoc, Vien Kinh te va chinh tri th6 giai 14.Th.s Vu Dinh Nam, Bo Tai nguyen va moi truong Muc luc Danh gia thirc trang va dac diem cua he th6'ng phap luat Viet Nam qua hon 20 nSm doi mdi Danh gia chung Nhung ttfu co ban cua he thong phap luat Viet Nam qua hon 20 nam d6i mdi NhOng han che va ba't cap cua he thOng phap luat Viet Nam hi6n hanh trudc yeu c£u cua nhiem vu xay dung va hoan thien cua nha nude phap quyen XHCN va h6i nhap quoc te Danh gia vi nhflng tmh cha't co ban cua he th6ng phap luat hien hanh Tfnh dong b6 cua he thong phap luat Danh gia tmh h6 thong cua phap luat Viet Nam Danh gia tfnh minh bach va kha nang tiep can cua he thong phap 8 11 11 11 15 17 luat Nhung van de dat doi voi viec doi mdi va hoan thien he thong phap lu^t Viet Nam dap tmg yeu cau cua hoi nhap quoc te D6i mdi phap luat phuc vu phat trien kinh te thi truefng dinh hudng XHCN Doi moi phap luat phuc vu phat trien van hoa, giao due, bam dam cong bang, an sinh xa hoi, bao ve quyen ngudi Phap luat bao dam va bao ve quyen ngudi, quyen cdng dan D6i mdi phap luat phuc vu d6i mdi he thong chinh tri va b6 may nha nude Hoi nhap quoc te va su tuong tac giua he thong phap luat Viet Nam vdi mdi trirdng phap luat the gidi Hoan thien co che bao dam hieu qua viec ban hanh va thirc thi ap dung phap Iu^t Cac bi6n phap hoan thien co che xay dung phap luat nang cao nang luc lap phap cua nha nude Cac bien phap bao dam trach nhiem cua cac co quan thi hanh phap luat Nang cao y thirc phap luat cua can bo va nhan dan Tang cudng nang luc tiep can phap luat cho nhan dan Cung co va hoan thien he tho'ng dao tao nguon nhan luc phap ly Tang cudng cac hoat dong dich vu phap luat va trcf giup phap ly 19 19 22 24 25 27 30 30 33 34 35 38 38 42 Leri mo1dau: Tinh dip thiet cua De tai Dai hoi Dang IX cua Dang va Nha nuac < Chien liryc phat trien 36 kinh te - xa h§i 2001 - 2010 cua d it nuac ma tam la phSn diu dua nude ta den nam 2020 ve ca ban mot nuac cong nghiep hien dai D6 thuc hien nhung muc tieu cua Chiln luge, Dang chi r5 phai "ddi mai va hoan thien khung phap ly, thdo go moi tra ngai v i ca chi, chinh sach va thu tuc hanh chinh de phat huy toi da moi nguon luc, tao sue bat mai cho san xudt, kinh doanh cua moi phan kinh te vai cac hinh thuc sa him khac Chu truang xay dung Nha nuac phap quyen xa hoi chu nghTa Viet Nam duai su lanh dao cua Dang la mot nhiem vu chien luge da dugc th6 che hoa bang Hien phap 1992 (sua doi) Nghi quyet 48 24 thang nam 2005 cua Bo Chinh tri BCH TW y r r r Dang ve Chien luoc xay dung va hoan thien he thong phap luat Viet Nam den nam 2010 dinh huang den nam 2020, cac Nghi quyet Trung uang va Nghi quyet Dai hoi lan thu IX va Dai hoi X cua Dang da de nhieu chu truang lan vai mot he thong cac giai phap dong bo vua co ti'nh dot pha doi vai nhung van de buc xuc; vua co tinh chien luge lau dai, tao ca sa quan cho cong cuoc cai cach tu phap di vao chieu sau, dac biet la su thay doi v6 chit cac th i chi, nguyen r \ s tac, dieu kien dam bao doc lap xet xu va nang cao nang luc, dao due nghe nghiep cua doi ngu cac chuc danh tu phap Viec thuc hien Nghi quyet 48 noi tren cua Bo Chinh tri doi hoi su c6 ging xkt lan, d6ng bo va ben bi khong nhung cua cac ca quan tu phap, doi ngu can bo tu phap ma ca bo may nha nuac va he thong chinh tri Trong quan he quoc te, vai chu truang m a cua va chu dong hoi nhap, Viet f \ t f r Nam da va dang tiep tuc tra thanh vien cua nhieu to chuc quoc te va khu virc Tir den 2020, cac nuac ASEAN se day manh qua trinh hinh Cong dong kinh te Chau A (AEC) Qua trinh hoi nhap se dan din viec hinh cac nguyen tac va chuan muc chung nhir: hinh d6ng ti6n chung, su dung ngon ngu chung cho giao dich va quan he ngoai giao, hanh chinh tur phap, cac tieu chuan chung v6 hai quan, kilm toan, kilm dich dong thuc vat, bao ve moi truang, giao due, dao tao, Viec thuc thi phap luat, tinh chuyen nghiep cua cac vien chuc, tinh cong khai, minh bach phap luat, mot so cac nguyen tic chung hoat dong cua cac ca quan hanh chinh, tu phap se tra chuin muc chung cua AEC Do vay, viec xay dung va hoan thien he th6ng phap luat phai dir bao dugc va don truac dugc qua trinh nay, chu§n bi luc lugng d l tham gia hoi nhap mot cach chu dong va co chit lugng f \ r r Viec ky ket hoac gia nhap cac dieu uac quoc te song phuang va da phircmg nhieu llnh vuc, co Hiep dinh thuomg mai Viet Nam Hoa Ky va quy chi vien, cung nhu cac cam k it d6i vai T6 chuc thuong mai th i giai (WTO) dang doi hoi khin trucmg soat, hoan thien he th6ng phap t e r luat, doi mai cac thiet che thi hanh luat va nang cao chat luong can bo cong chuc lam cong t&c xay dvmg va thi hanh phap luat, bao dam thuc hien cac cam ket qu6c t6 noi rieng, dap ung cac yeu cSu hoi nhap quoc te noi chung Do la ly cua viec lua chon va nghien emi de tai: “Nhitng luan cur khoa hoc cho viec doi m&i va hoan thien he thdng phap luat bdi canh hoi nhap qudc te ” Tinh hinh nghien cmi Be tai Trong nu&c: Trong hon mot thap nien tra lai day giai nghien cuu luat hoc nuac ta da tap trung nghien cuu kha toan dien nhung van de ly luan ve phap luat r ? r \ va he thong phap luat va cai cach, doi mai he thong phap luat nuac ta Nhieu \ * cong trinh da gop phan lam sang to cac dinh huang doi mai phap luat nuac ta > r f truac yeu cau cua hoi nhap quoc te Ngoai niro'c: Van de ly luan ve phap luat, ve he thong phap luat da dugc giai nghien cuu a cac nuac XHCN truac day quan tam dung muc, nhat la viec giai quyet nhung van de ly luan nen tang Trong qua trinh chuyen doi ca che mai a nuac Nga cung da co nhieu cong trinh can dugc nghien cun tham khao ve mat ly luan ve phap luat nhu nghien cuu v6 v in KHbix CTpaH 140 r.B.BapSaiueB.MyHMMMnanbHbie opraHbi coBpeMeHHbix KannTajiMCTnnecKnx rocyAapcTB (CLLIA, Beni/iKoepMTaHMfl) I/I3A- M ry , 1981 141 Eyfi CyaHflbiK KoivmeTeHMMfl MecTHbix opraHOB BJiacTM CPB no pyKOBOflCTBy X03aMCTBeHHblM CTpOMTeJlbCTBOM (ABTOpecjDepaT AnccepTai4M Ha concKaHne yMeHOM CTeneHmi KaHAMAaTa K)pnAWHecKi/ix M HayK )., M 1990 142 flwefiMC XapBeii 1981 m KaTpnH XyA BpnTaHCKoe rocyAapcTBO M Jl 143 B.H.KyAPBMeB E.A.JlyKatueBa rocyAapcTBO M., 1989 CoMnanncTMHecKoe 144 PAK - HHCTMTyT HayMHOM MHcfcopMamiM OcHOBHbie Teopnn MecTHoro caMoynpaBJieHna : pa 3BMTiie M, 1996 npaBOBoe no 06114 HayKaM npoMCxo>KAeHM5i 11 / 145 06u4afl Teopua rocyAapcTBa m npaBa Tom 2: Teopwfl npaBa M3a3epMa.no, MTY, M., 1998 146 B.A.FlaoHac O chobw MecTHoro caMoynpaBJieHMH M., 1998 147 A I/I MepKOCOB OpraHbi MecTHoro ynpaBJieHMH b 3apy6e>KHbix CTpaHax : cpaBHmenbHoe MccneAOBaHne M 1994 148 B E Hmpkmh KoHCTMTyuMOHHoe npaBO: Pocci/ifl 11 3apy6e>KHbm / onbiT, 143a o 3epi4anoa, M 1998 KoHCTmyMMOHHoe (rocyAapcTBeHHoe ) npaBO 3apy6e>KHbix CTpaH 3A- BEK, M 1996 /1 53