THE EFFECTS OF PEER PRESSURE ON SECOND YEAR STUDENTS AT NATIONAL ECONOMICS ECONOMY 22

Rationale of the study

Peers are individuals you consider friends and spend time with, typically sharing the same age group in children and teens, while adults may connect through common interests or professions This social dynamic often leads to mutual influence in behavior, exemplified by children mimicking each other's play and adults motivating colleagues to excel This phenomenon, known as "peer pressure," is defined by the Oxford Dictionary as the influence exerted by individuals of similar age or social groups to conform to behaviors that foster acceptance and likability.

Peer pressure significantly impacts college students, particularly sophomores at National Economics University (NEU), who often find themselves navigating a new level of independence away from parental supervision With the absence of rules and curfews, these students face challenges as they balance their academic responsibilities, such as working on their graduation thesis, with social activities This struggle can lead to exhaustion and make them more susceptible to temptations like parties and substance use However, having supportive peers can serve as a crucial motivator, providing assistance in both academic and recreational pursuits, ultimately fostering a healthier college experience.

Our research focused on the effects of peer pressure on second-year students at National Economics University, highlighting both its positive and negative impacts.

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Objective of the study

The specific objectives of the study are:

1 To identify the effects of peer pressure that second year students have to go through.

2 To investigate how peer pressure affects second-year students.

3 To suggest some realistic and appropriate solutions to improve students’ ability to cope with peer pressures and recover their motivation.

Research questions

The study is conducted to answer the following research questions:

What are the effects that peer pressure has brought to second year students?

How can it affect them?

What are the solutions for sophomore students to overcome peer pressure?

Scopes

Peer pressure affects individuals of all ages, but this study specifically examines second-year students at National Economic University It provides an overview of the challenges these sophomores face due to negative peer influences Additionally, the survey aims to identify and analyze the positive effects of peer pressure while proposing solutions to mitigate its harmful impacts and support students in navigating these challenges.

A survey will be carried out to cover a wide range of 100 second-year students from National Economic University This research will be investigated within 15 weeks.

Methods of the study

The research will utilize a quantitative approach through a survey featuring multiple-choice questions and items rated on a Likert scale To collect the quantitative data, the survey was distributed to approximately 110 students Prior to analyzing the collected data, all responses will be thoroughly prepared.

TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com the data will be synthesised by using Google Forms Second-year students’ answers will be identified from others by using Microsoft excel.

A survey was conducted among sophomores in the School of Advanced Education Program at NEU to gather both general and specific information about peer pressure The questionnaire, distributed to 119 students, is structured into various sections to effectively assess the overall impact of peer pressure on this demographic.

In this study, data collection involved a purposeful sampling method targeting sophomore students at NEU The author utilized Google Forms to distribute the survey questionnaire, which was available in both English and Vietnamese, and collected responses immediately after completion.

In Step 2, the survey method was determined by designing a questionnaire that was sent directly to each participant The author provided a clear explanation of the research objectives and addressed any inquiries from respondents to ensure the collection of meaningful and effective personal feedback.

In Step 3, we developed a structured questionnaire utilizing multiple choice and Likert Scale questions The multiple choice questions were crafted to gather background information, while the Likert Scale questions—ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree"—focused on assessing the impact of peer pressure on sophomores at NEU.

In Step 4, it is essential to construct the questionnaire's structure, which consists of two primary categories of questions: background information and detailed inquiries This organization is crucial for effectively addressing the research questions.

In Step 5, we focus on collecting and analyzing data gathered from the questionnaire, which plays a crucial role in our research Rest assured, all responses, including personal information, will be kept confidential and utilized solely for research purposes.

Design of the study

The three-part research consists of:

Introduction, a brief presentation of the study’s rationale, purposes, scope, research questions, methodology as well as design of the study.

Development, includes the chapters below:

Chapter 1 of the literature review delves into the essential theoretical foundations of peer pressure, including its definition and various types This section provides an in-depth analysis of the positive and negative effects of peer pressure, which are central to the study's focus.

Chapter 2, Findings & discussion, provides an analysis on the current impacts of peer pressure and reports the results of the survey research which are collected from sophomores at NEU.

Chapter 3, Recommendations, implication for the peer pressure of students, focuses on negative impacts and gives some suggestions for the students to overcome peer pressure.

Conclusion, summarizes all the key issues as well as the limitations of the study and suggestions for further study.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Definitions of peer pressure

As individuals age, they face challenging decisions that can be complicated by external pressures from peers, who are typically those in the same age group, such as classmates or coworkers During adolescence, peers often consist of classmates or clubmates, while adulthood shifts the focus to shared interests or professional connections, making the decision-making process more nuanced and complex.

Peers influence other peers' behavior, and get them into doing something. That phenomenon is called peer pressure Peer pressure, according to Treynor

Peer pressure, defined in 2009, occurs when individuals or peer groups influence others to change their attitudes, values, and behaviors to align with group norms This influence can arise from formal memberships in social groups or simply from friendships A related concept is social cognitive theory, which suggests that students can learn to manage stress by observing and experiencing the reactions of those around them.

Adolescents often mirror the behaviors of their peers, particularly in engaging in risky activities like substance use and reckless driving This tendency stems from their desire to enhance their social status and secure their place within their social groups.

Peer pressure is a common experience in the lives of children, as highlighted by Kessler (2017) It manifests in various environments, including schools and organizations globally, where individuals often conform to the values and beliefs of their peers.

Types of peer pressure

Peer pressure manifests in various forms and can be exerted and experienced in numerous ways This diversity in expression is one of the primary reasons why peer pressure is categorized into different types.

Hardy (2020) identifies two primary forms of peer pressure: negative and positive Negative peer pressure occurs when individuals or groups encourage harmful behaviors, such as substance abuse or criminal activities While many perceive peer pressure as solely detrimental, it can also lead to positive outcomes Positive peer pressure, on the other hand, involves peers influencing one another to make beneficial choices, resulting in personal growth and improvement compared to one's past behavior.

Factors that influence peer pressures

Peer pressure, often referred to as peer influence or social pressure, is a significant issue that affects individuals across all generations Teenagers, in particular, are more susceptible to this influence due to their developing beliefs and values Various factors contribute to social pressure, including influences from family, friends, schools, and even unfamiliar individuals online.

Social acceptance is a crucial factor influencing high school dynamics, with popularity often determined by attributes such as appearance, athletic ability, social standing, academic achievements, and future aspirations (Cavior and Dokecki, 1973) For those who struggle to fit in, the pressure from peers can be overwhelming, leading to feelings of shame and jealousy, particularly when they compare themselves to popular figures on social media platforms like TikTok, who seem to embody idealized appearances.

Parents play a crucial role in shaping their children's physical and psychological development, especially during the transitional period leading to adulthood During this time, it is essential for parents to act as friends, particularly regarding their children's mental health, as adolescents are highly influenced by their close relationships Poor parenting, such as a lack of care, can lead to increased vulnerability to peer pressure, making it difficult for children to express their opinions and value themselves in social situations (Andreas, 2020).

Peer pressure refers to the influence that individuals within a social group exert on each other, compelling members to conform to group behaviors and norms This phenomenon is particularly evident among second-year students, who often feel an internal urge to align their actions with those of their peers in order to fit in.

Internal peer pressure arises from various factors, including the desire to fit in, low self-esteem, fear of rejection, and mental health issues like anxiety This self-imposed pressure often leads individuals to feel inadequate, dismiss compliments as challenges, and experience heightened anxiety as deadlines approach Many people are either unaware of or reluctant to acknowledge the stress they inflict upon themselves Behaviors such as allowing failures to deter them, maintaining excessive expectations, and constantly demanding more from themselves can illuminate the impact of internal peer pressure on their mental well-being.

Many individuals feel compelled to conform to the expectations of their peers and role models Those who seek to assert dominance often gravitate towards individuals with low self-esteem or weaker mindsets, manipulating them to fulfill their desires.

Effects of peer pressure

Peer pressure can have both positive and negative effects, significantly influencing our thoughts, decisions, and behaviors based on the lifestyles of those around us, including family, friends, and coworkers While it can be beneficial in some instances, the negative impacts are often more pronounced, particularly among teenagers who are especially vulnerable to its effects Surveys indicate that many individuals believe peer pressure adversely affects their mental health, as well as their emotional development, behavior, and decision-making.

Peer pressure is a significant concern for parents, often highlighted in media and recent school incidents While it can have negative effects, Carrie Silver-Stock (2016), a licensed clinical social worker and founder of Girls with Dreams, emphasizes that negative peer pressure can severely damage self-esteem, cloud decision-making, and increase stress At its worst, it may lead to dangerous behaviors, including substance abuse and reckless actions that can result in fatal consequences.

Positive peer influence plays a crucial role in shaping adolescents' decisions and self-perception Surrounded by supportive friends, young individuals experience boosts in self-confidence and self-esteem, demonstrating that not all social pressure is negative.

“When this peer pressure occurs in school, it has the potential to improve a teenager's academics or even friendships.” Carrie (2016) said

As students progress through university, particularly in their sophomore year, they become increasingly aware of peer pressure This influence can manifest in both positive and negative ways, depending on individual responses Optimistic sophomores often view peer pressure as a motivating force, using it to enhance their performance and embrace new experiences that contribute to personal growth.

Peer pressure can significantly influence students' self-perception, with those viewing it positively often experiencing personal growth, while those who see it negatively may suffer from decreased self-confidence and feelings of isolation Various expressions can arise when confronting peer pressure, reflecting these differing experiences.

Be influenced to gain new experience.

Peer influence and pressure can positively impact college students by encouraging them to become more assertive and engage in new activities Classmates often motivate one another to join clubs, sports teams, or religious organizations, enhancing their social experiences Trying new things, like sushi or participating in auditions, is made easier with friends who provide inspiration and support, contributing to a richer, more diverse life Additionally, peer groups offer valuable opportunities to develop social skills, expand friendships, and learn conflict resolution by interacting with a variety of individuals, such as classmates and colleagues.

Have more motivation in studying

Peers play a crucial role in shaping each other's behavior and aspirations, serving as powerful role models Students who witness their dedicated peers excelling in academics or sports are often inspired to adopt similar goal-oriented attitudes The influence of kind and loyal friends fosters the development of these positive traits within oneself As noted by PhD D'Arcy (2015), even individuals who are not close friends can inspire others; for instance, observing someone of the same age achieving success in the Olympics or leading a community initiative can ignite a passion in you Ultimately, peers motivate each other to strive for excellence, support academic efforts, and empathize through shared experiences.

Become a better version of yourself

Positive peer pressure can inspire individuals to achieve their best, as students share ideas, explore beliefs, and seek feedback from their peers Friends play a crucial role in decision-making, whether it's choosing courses, experimenting with hairstyles, or navigating family conflicts Ultimately, peers often provide valuable advice and support to one another.

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It may be able to assist them in overcoming their fears (Eden Pontz, 2019)

Get depressed because of thinking not good enough

Peer pressure significantly impacts teenagers, often leading to feelings of inadequacy and contributing to depression The desire to fit in with peers and gain approval is particularly intense during adolescence, where social cliques and status play a crucial role This pressure can compel teens to alter their personalities or pretend to be someone they are not, creating internal conflict as they navigate their identities Consequently, when teenagers are forced to conform to uncomfortable behaviors, it can result in low self-esteem, anxiety, and depression.

Get jealous with others’ success

Envy often stems from personal dissatisfaction and unfulfilled aspirations, leading individuals to struggle with feelings of inadequacy Instead of celebrating others' successes, they may secretly wish for their downfall, driven by a narcissistic need to feel superior This behavior acts as an unconscious defense mechanism, allowing them to avoid confronting their own weaknesses By projecting their flaws onto those who achieve more, they suppress their emotions and maintain a facade of perfection, despite feeling vulnerable inside.

Decrease self-confident about yourself

Peer pressure that is negative can have a detrimental effect on your teen's self- esteem In some circumstances, children and teenagers become unduly reliant on

Many teenagers struggle with self-confidence, often feeling inferior to their peers due to teasing and criticism This insecurity can lead them to focus on their failures rather than their successes, making them hesitant to participate or express themselves As a result, they may find it difficult to stand up against bullying or cope with mistakes However, being surrounded by supportive and positive individuals can significantly enhance a teen's self-esteem, as highlighted by the Paradigm Treatment Blog (2019).

Abuse alcohol drinks to reduce pressures

Alcohol poses significant risks, affecting brain functions related to movement, speech, judgment, and memory Excessive drinking can lead to blurred vision, slowed speech, impaired memory, and difficulty walking Among teenagers, peer pressure is a common influence, with nearly 60% of full-time college students reporting alcohol consumption in the past month as of 2014 Social settings like bars and house parties often exacerbate this pressure, leading to regular excessive drinking, which can ultimately result in alcoholism or alcohol addiction.

Feel isolated from peers, lack direction in their lives

Today's youth face significant peer pressure, particularly affecting vulnerable individuals who may feel disconnected from their peers and struggle with low self-esteem In their quest for acceptance, these teenagers may engage in harmful behaviors such as smoking, drinking, and vandalism Often lacking familial support, they turn to their peers for guidance on sensitive topics like drugs and sex, which can lead to misinformation It's crucial for families to address these uncomfortable subjects openly to help teens navigate their challenges and foster a sense of belonging.

Negative peer pressure significantly affects mental health, often resulting in low self-esteem and poor academic performance It can create feelings of estrangement from family and friends, while also increasing anxiety and despair If not addressed, these issues may escalate to self-harm or suicidal thoughts in adolescents.

Solutions to overcome peer pressure

The desire to belong to a group is a common human experience, especially during adolescence and young adulthood Navigating peer pressure, the belief that conforming to friends' behaviors is essential for acceptance and respect, can be challenging for many individuals.

Peer pressure can manifest in both obvious and subtle ways Although it can sometimes lead to positive outcomes, it often compels individuals to engage in actions they may feel uncertain about or believe are not in their best interest Navigating peer pressure can be challenging; however, it is essential to prioritize your personal values and preferences when making decisions, rather than succumbing to external influences.

According to D’Arcy (2015), when confronted with overt or indirect pressure to undertake something you are unsure about, use the following strategies:

Ask for advice or support from parents or other trusted family members.

When facing difficulties, it's important to confide in someone you trust, such as a parent, teacher, or school counselor Don't let guilt from past mistakes weigh you down; discussing your experiences can provide relief and equip you to handle future peer pressure more effectively.

Plan ahead on what you can say or do when under peer pressure.

To effectively navigate challenging situations, it's essential to plan ahead and rehearse your responses For example, holding a drink like water or soda can help deter unwanted offers Regularly check in with yourself by asking questions such as, "How do I feel about this?" and "What are the pros and cons of my decision?" Understanding your comfort level will empower you to create a strategy for potential complications.

Think on what will happen if you give into peer pressure and do what your peers do, or persuade you into doing.

Yielding to negative peer pressure can lead to feelings of guilt and disappointment as it conflicts with your personal values Understanding the potential consequences of risky actions is crucial, as it empowers you to withdraw from situations that don't align with your expectations.

When being pressured into committing risky behaviors, try to change the subject, or offer your peers another activity that is not risky.

Understanding your peers' interests can help you shift the conversation effectively Introduce engaging topics like recent sports events or contests that resonate with them Once the subject has changed, suggest group activities such as going to the movies, playing games, or participating in sports, ensuring these options are within a safe environment Additionally, having a supportive friend can greatly enhance your ability to redirect discussions and persuade others to join in on the fun.

Find a buddy, or a peer group who shares the same values and beliefs.

Choosing friends wisely is crucial for personal growth and success Surround yourself with individuals who align with your career aspirations and hobbies While it's important to listen to differing opinions and seek compromises, if their views consistently disrupt your peace or hinder your progress, it may be best to distance yourself from them.

It may not be easy to cut off existing relationships, but you can try to avoid them

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Allow yourself to avoid individuals or situations that don't feel right.

If you find yourself in an uncomfortable situation, prioritize your well-being by leaving, even if your friends appear unfazed This decision not only enhances your self-esteem but also fosters self-reliance and self-awareness regarding your preferences To avoid losing face among peers, consider establishing a "bail-out" code with your parents, such as having them call you home for errands, providing a valid excuse to exit a difficult scenario.

Learn to feel comfortable saying no.

Good friends often understand without the need for apologies or excuses, but if you need to decline an offer for a smoke or a drink, having a few phrases ready can help For instance, you might say, "If my mom finds out, I will be grounded for months," or share a dramatic story like, "My uncle just died from cirrhosis, so I'm avoiding alcohol." Being assertive not only reinforces your boundaries but also enhances your reputation among peers, teaching them to respect your choices.

FINDINGS & DISCUSSION

Background information

2.1.1 The importance of peers in life

The first chart gives information about the importance of peers.

Figure 2.1.1: The importance of peers in life

A significant majority of students, accounting for 72.9% (31.4% considering peers very important and 41.5% important), acknowledged the crucial role that peers play in their lives In contrast, only a small percentage felt neutral (12.7%) or considered peer influence unimportant (11.9%) This suggests that peers significantly impact each other's behaviors and choices Previous research highlights that for teenagers, peers typically include classmates or club members of similar ages, while for adults, peer relationships are often defined by shared interests or professional connections.

The following chart indicates the results of question 3 and 4 in the survey questionnaire so as to research factors that influence peer pressure on second-year students at NEU.

Figure 2.1.2.1: Internal factors influence peer pressure

According to Figure 2.1.1, a significant 72.6% of sophomores identified poor self-confidence as a key internal factor contributing to peer pressure, while 52.1% attributed their feelings of pressure to anxiety This suggests that second-year students often struggle with low self-awareness and uncertainty about their abilities Additionally, 32.5% of participants acknowledged that mental health issues play a role in their experiences of peer pressure.

Figure 2.1.2.2: External factors influence peer pressure

The data indicates that a significant 64.9% of respondents experience peer pressure driven by their future aspirations, while 58.8% attribute this pressure to external factors related to academic performance This trend is likely influenced by sophomores who often impose self-pressure to achieve life goals, such as financial success and high-paying careers.

Interestingly, only 16.7% answered that bad parenting is the cause of their pressure. This statement could be a good sign of successful parenting in recent years.

Peer pressure among students often stems from internal factors such as low self-confidence and anxiety, as well as external influences like the pressure to achieve future goals and excel academically To combat these challenges, it is essential for students to cultivate strong self-awareness and to alleviate the pressure they place on themselves.

2.1.3 Types of peer pressure that sophomores facing

The next graph depicts the typical types of peer pressure that students face.

Figure 2.1.3: Types of peer pressure that sophomores facing

A significant majority of sophomores, specifically 62.7%, reported experiencing negative peer pressure, surpassing those who encountered positive peer pressure Overall, the findings indicate that there is no substantial difference between the effects of negative and positive peer pressure among this group.

This article explores the impact of peer pressure on students, focusing on its negative effects and identifying potential solutions The following sections will provide a detailed analysis of these influences and strategies to mitigate them.

The effects of peer pressure on second year students at NEU

In the following figure, there are four types of effects of peer pressure that affect sophomores in National Economic University, they are behavior, thinking, decision and emotional development.

Figure 2.2: The effects of peer pressure on second year students at NEU

The chart reveals that 70.2% of students believe peer pressure significantly influences their thoughts, making it the most impactful factor Emotional evolution follows as the second most affected aspect, with 53.5% of students acknowledging its influence In contrast, behavior and decision-making are less affected, at 46.5% and 41.2% respectively This data indicates minimal differences among these factors, except for the notable impact on thinking It is evident that two-thirds of second-year students perceive peer pressure as a major influence on their thought processes, which subsequently shapes their behaviors, emotions, and decisions Additionally, while students experience both positive and negative effects of peer pressure, those facing negative influences are more likely to be swayed by emotions rather than rational thought, explaining why emotional development ranks second in the survey results.

Measurements from second-year students about how peer pressure affected19 2.4 Suggested solutions of sophomores to tackle negative peer pressures

The collected data in the next figure reveals how peer pressure impacts second-year students at NEU.

Figure 2.3: Measurements from second-year students about how peer pressure affected

2 Feel isolated from peers, lack direction in their lives

3 Abuse alcohol drinks to reduce pressures

4 Decrease self-confident about yourself

5 Get jealous with others’ success

7 Get depressed because of thinking not good enough

8 Become a better version of yourself

9 Have more motivation in studying

10 Be influenced to gain new experience

A study on second-year students revealed significant negative effects, with 34% feeling isolated, 54% experiencing decreased self-confidence, and 31% harboring negative thoughts The data indicated similar percentages of students who were undecided or agreed regarding feelings of jealousy and depression Notably, 31% of respondents were undecided or disagreed about wanting to discontinue their studies, suggesting a resilience despite peer pressure Furthermore, a substantial 73% of students strongly disagreed (33%) or disagreed (29%) with using alcohol as a means to cope with peer pressure, indicating that drinking is not a prevalent strategy for managing stress among university students.

In Figure 2.3, a significant majority of students, nearly all, recognized the positive impact of peer pressure on their experiences Specifically, 70% of respondents either strongly agreed or agreed that peer pressure motivated them to seek new experiences, which is three times higher than those who disagreed Additionally, 59 students reported increased motivation in their studies due to peer influence.

A total of 118 students (49%) expressed agreement, while an additional 24 students (20%) strongly agreed, indicating a significant overall consensus Notably, 65% of students voted in favor of the idea of becoming a better version of themselves, with no respondents strongly disagreeing Additionally, the percentage of students who either disagreed or were undecided on the three items was relatively low.

Another respondent noted that some individuals use inappropriate language, actions, and behaviors towards others, including abusive tactics, as a means to assert their power or status However, this behavior often reveals their underlying inability to cope with negative situations in reality.

In conclusion, it is true that peer pressure has an influence on students in both emotion, thinking as well as action in positive and negative ways.

2.4 Suggested solutions of sophomores to tackle negative peer pressures.

The table 2.4 illustrates the evaluation of second-year students about the solution to tackle negative peer pressures.

2 Spend time for yourself to assess spend strengths and 0.8% 5.2% 25.4% 48.2% 20.1% weaknesses instead

3 Find something to focus on and set aside peer pressure 0.8% 9.6% 16.6% 49.1% 23.6% (sport, cooking,etc )

4 Build self-esteem for yourself 0.8% 7% 35.9% 37.7% 18.4%

5 Speak with the individual who is putting you under 8.7% 18.4% 39.4% 22.8% 10.5% peer pressure.

6 Recognize unhealthy behaviours to avoid 1.7% 4.3% 22.8% 50.8% 20.1%

7 Plan ahead on what you can say or do to avoid being 0.8% 9.6% 29.8% 45.6% 14% pressured

8 Choose peers who share the same beliefs and values 2.6% 3.5% 21.9% 45.6% 26.3%

9 Avoid peers who can cause self-doubt, or may 2.6% 14.9% 22.8% 43.8% 15.7% disregard your feelings

10 Back out when you are being negatively pressurized 4.3% 4.3% 23.6% 48.2% 19.2%

Table 2.4: Recommendations from second-year students to tackle negative peer

The data reveals that 50% of students (59 out of 118) recognize unhealthy behaviors to avoid, while nearly 49% (58 students) agree on the importance of focusing on personal goals and resisting peer pressure Additionally, 23.6% (27 students) strongly support this viewpoint, with only one student expressing strong disagreement Furthermore, the consensus emphasizes the value of self-reflection to assess personal strengths and weaknesses, as well as the necessity of stepping back when faced with negative pressure.

Research on student solutions for peer pressure revealed that a significant number of students were undecided about various strategies Key approaches such as “speaking with the individual who exerted peer pressure,” “building self-esteem,” and “seeking support from parents” showed high rates of indecision, with percentages of 39.4%, 35.9%, and 36.8%, respectively Notably, the solution involving parental support had the highest rate of uncertainty at 35.9%, suggesting that students may feel conflicted about its applicability This indecision could be attributed to a generation gap, as many students prefer to cope with peer pressure by sharing their experiences with friends or engaging in recreational activities rather than seeking parental support.

In the final open-ended question of the survey, a student emphasized the importance of understanding that every experience, including peer pressure, serves a purpose They advised focusing on personal passions and aspirations to shape one's identity and personality By aligning with the natural rhythms of life, individuals should engage with their feelings intuitively while making thoughtful decisions based on reason.

In conclusion, an analysis of data collected from second-year students via Google Forms revealed that many students struggle with low self-confidence and experience pressure related to future goals, negatively impacting their mindset Consequently, these students often identify unhealthy coping behaviors to manage their stress To address this issue, the researcher implemented innovative layout challenges and arguments that had not been utilized before, aiming to help sophomores reduce peer pressure.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Recommendations for students

Building self-confidence is crucial for students to avoid questioning their abilities and managing stress from peers Research indicates that students with high self-esteem are more adept at resisting negative peer pressure During their adolescent years, college students often grapple with their identity and seek guidance from peers, leading to both positive influences and potential susceptibility to negative pressures While it’s common to experience peer pressure, individuals with low self-esteem are more likely to succumb to harmful influences Engaging in new activities, such as sports, hobbies, or part-time jobs, like writing for a coursework service, can help students meet new people and enhance their skills, reinforcing their value beyond others' judgments.

3.1.2 Get support and advice from a trusted adult such as a parent, teacher, or school counselor

Students should consider consulting trusted resources for guidance Positive influences, like parents and siblings, can effectively teach them to navigate peer pressure Additionally, it's important to recognize that isolation can have a severe negative effect on an individual's well-being.

Recognizing the need for assistance and reaching out to someone is often the crucial first step towards improving your well-being Engaging with friends and family, who genuinely care about you, can provide essential support and guidance A trustworthy companion or family member can help alleviate everyday stressors, offering both advice and emotional backing in decision-making Facing peer pressure can feel isolating and daunting, but having a supportive network can significantly ease these challenges.

3.1.3 Weigh the emotions in the decision that has been made

Being aware of our emotions is essential, especially during stressful times when we might seek easy solutions However, these choices can lead to negative consequences By acknowledging and understanding our feelings, we can prevent poor decision-making It’s also important to distance ourselves from individuals who trigger self-doubt, undermine our confidence, or dismiss our emotions.

Peer pressure can induce panic, particularly in hostile environments, making it crucial to have a strategy to manage reactions and minimize impulsive decisions Anticipating uncomfortable scenarios and planning responses can empower individuals to navigate peer pressure effectively A satisfactory response may involve various ways to say "no," and it's perfectly acceptable to provide excuses to steer clear of choices that don't align with one's best interests.

Recommendations for school

3.2.1 Promote self-learning and reflective thinking o Give students ownership over their education

Empowering students to take charge of their own learning fosters a sense of community and transforms the classroom into a space they define In this dynamic, the role of teachers becomes increasingly vital, as they facilitate and support students in exercising their autonomy and creativity.

To foster learner independence, it is crucial for educators to design activities that promote thoughtful engagement with the content This involves creating exciting, open-ended exercises that not only target essential skills and meet learning objectives but also empower students to make decisions and reflect on their progress By encouraging students to discuss their work and providing opportunities for self-reflection, teachers can help them take responsibility for their own learning journey.

Encouraging reflective thinking is crucial for students, as it enables them to understand their successes and failures and adjust their strategies for better outcomes Through reflective thinking, students can analyze their learning experiences, assimilate new information, and apply their insights to future situations Additionally, their reflections provide valuable assessment data for teachers, facilitating necessary adjustments to enhance lesson design.

3.2.2 Do not allow students to negatively pressure others

Teachers play a vital role in fostering a supportive environment that encourages students to embrace failure without fear of ridicule By demonstrating their support for this behavior, educators can create opportunities for meaningful connections among students, promoting a culture of resilience and collaboration in the classroom.

Bullying attacks can be reduced and targeted students' healing can be facilitated by cultivating a feeling of community in the classroom.

Bullying among teenagers can be mitigated when they feel a sense of connection with their peers By encouraging students to speak out against hostile behavior, schools can help prevent future bullying incidents Teachers play a crucial role by creating a safe environment where students can express themselves and stand up for others Additionally, fostering advocacy skills in students empowers them to support not only themselves but also their peers, while promoting positive encouragement throughout the school community.

To effectively support students outside the classroom, it is essential to encourage their involvement in afterschool activities that align with their hobbies and interests Additionally, recognizing the early indicators of negative peer pressure is crucial, allowing for timely intervention to help students navigate social challenges.

Teachers must be vigilant in recognizing subtle signs of peer pressure among students and act promptly to prevent escalation Timely interventions are crucial, as failure to address these issues can lead to bullying of those who resist peer influence.

3.2.3 Increase students’ self-esteem and confidence

When students feel satisfied and confident, they achieve greater success in the classroom Teachers play a crucial role in fostering this can-do attitude by encouraging students and providing constructive feedback High self-esteem enables students to tackle challenging tasks, seek new experiences, and better cope with setbacks Teachers' involvement is essential in enhancing children's self-esteem, as positive feedback from mentors significantly influences their self-perception Conversely, overly critical criticism can harm students' self-esteem, highlighting the importance of delivering supportive and constructive feedback to promote a healthy self-image.

3.2.4 Teach students to realize that they can learn from their mistakes and how to deal with error

Recognizing mistakes as vital to the learning process is essential, as they provide valuable insights Instead of giving up in frustration, embracing errors helps us develop a deeper understanding and enhances our problem-solving skills, allowing the lessons learned to remain with us longer than mere memorization of solutions.

When students recognize their misconceptions while solving problems, they engage more deeply with the material compared to simply memorizing correct answers Therefore, educators should focus not only on correcting mistakes but also on fostering a deeper understanding of the concepts involved.

To foster deeper understanding, it is essential for students to recognize and comprehend the reasons behind their mistakes By doing so, they can enhance their knowledge of errors and develop effective solution strategies Additionally, promoting independent mistake correction should become a habitual practice for learners.

Empowering students to identify and correct their errors immediately fosters a stronger motivation to learn By exploring the root causes of their mistakes, learners deepen their conceptual understanding It is essential for students not only to recognize their errors but also to receive constructive feedback on their nature Implementing root cause analysis alongside personalized support is the most effective approach to altering cognitive patterns and preventing the recurrence of mistakes.

3.2.5 Employ a mental consult team specialized in helping students who are having negative thoughts

Mental health counselors play a crucial role in assisting students who face negative peer pressure by helping them identify their fears, insecurities, and challenges Through this exploration, counselors can gauge the severity of the issues at hand and offer effective solutions to empower students in overcoming these pressures.

Recommendations for families

Strong friendships are essential for young people, providing them with a sense of belonging and positively influencing their lives While peer pressure can be a concern, it often manifests in positive ways, such as introducing new music, styles, or experiences to a teenager's life.

While family gatherings can foster positive connections, they may also lead to negative or harmful influences, prompting poor decisions and choices This potential for detrimental outcomes is a concern for parents.

3.3.1 Help children discover his or her interests and strengths and develop positive self-confidence

Building self-confidence in children is crucial for helping them navigate peer pressure Each child possesses unique strengths and weaknesses, and parents play a vital role in guiding them toward discovering their passions Whether in academics, music, sports, or unique talents, finding the right fit fosters confidence and alleviates feelings of inadequacy among peers It is essential to start this journey early, as children are in the process of developing their behaviors and identities By identifying their interests, children can remain focused and resilient against negative influences from their surroundings.

3.3.2 Encourage your child’s independent thinking

In many Asian countries, such as Vietnam, it is common for parents to make decisions for their children from an early age, which can provide guidance but may also hinder independent thinking This dependence often leads to a lack of personal opinions and increased susceptibility to peer pressure in adulthood To foster healthy development, it is essential for parents to encourage their children to make their own decisions, supporting them in forming their own views and making informed choices By promoting self-awareness, children can build resilience against life's challenges, understanding their values and taking time for self-reflection.

3.3.3 Show empathy for your child’s anxieties and the feelings that come with peer pressure

Anxiety is a common experience for everyone, including children, who may face pressure from school and social interactions External triggers can exacerbate feelings of inferiority among peers, making it crucial for parents to show empathy and understanding By adopting a child's perspective and valuing their emotions, parents can foster open communication and help their children navigate psychological challenges This empathetic approach not only strengthens the parent-child bond but also empowers children to trust their own decisions and build confidence.

3.3.4 Assist children in managing social pressures and anxieties, try to talk to them

Parents play a crucial role in guiding their children through internal and external pressures by offering support and understanding Engaging in open conversations about feelings and peer pressures helps children feel valued and cared for Sharing personal experiences allows parents to provide honest advice, encouraging kids to see challenges as opportunities for growth By fostering a positive environment filled with encouragement and praise, parents can empower their children to assert themselves and resist negative influences Ultimately, the family home should be a safe space where feelings can be shared freely, promoting comfort and confidence.

Summary of the study

The purpose of the conducted study in this research was to examine what peer pressure can cause to sophomores and how they can deal with it in NEU.

Research indicates that students have varying perceptions of peer pressure, with some viewing it negatively while others adopt a more positive outlook This divergence highlights the complexity of peer pressure, presenting both advantages and disadvantages that warrant further examination.

The literature identifies both internal and external factors that contribute to negative peer pressure among sophomores, potentially leading to mental health issues A survey revealed that many students believe peer pressure significantly impacts their thoughts, emotional development, behavior, and decision-making Second-year students often experience feelings of inadequacy, isolation, and a lack of self-confidence, which intensify their susceptibility to peer pressure.

While peer pressure is often viewed negatively, it can also have positive effects on students Many students report that peer pressure serves as a motivation to improve themselves This suggests that the desire to become a better version of oneself can be influenced by the encouragement and expectations of peers.

The authors offered solutions for survey participants, highlighting that university life encourages students to develop independence Faced with peer pressure, many students prefer solitude to reflect on their challenges rather than confiding in their parents Additionally, some students opt to pause their main activities for a short break or seek support from individuals outside their family.

In summary, the study successfully achieved all research objectives and is anticipated to significantly enhance the involvement of second-year students at National Economics University in extracurricular activities.

Limitations of the study

Every research project faces certain limitations, and this thesis is no different, primarily due to constraints in time and knowledge Additionally, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has imposed external limitations, restricting the use of various methods that could enhance the research quality As a result, there may be a deficiency in practical experience within the study.

The research was limited in scope due to time constraints and a narrow focus on student opinions gathered through surveys To improve the quality of the findings, it is essential to include interviews with students from various academic years, not just sophomores Addressing these limitations will require additional research efforts, which are anticipated to enhance the overall validity of the study.

Suggestions for further study

Future studies should address the diversity issues related to peer pressure, particularly among students at National Economics University As research methodologies expand, it is crucial to overcome existing limitations and explore the effects of peer pressure across various faculties A deeper investigation into adolescent peer pressure is necessary to understand its impact and to develop effective strategies that can support NEU students in managing peer pressure, ultimately enhancing their organizational performance.

Peer pressure is a prevalent challenge faced by students of all ages today, yet it is often downplayed in schools due to insufficient communication between teachers and students To effectively address this issue, educational institutions should implement a dedicated subject aimed at helping students navigate and resolve the complexities of peer pressure.

The initiative to create a new subject aims to reduce the negative impact of peer pressure on students while enhancing their communication skills By bridging the gap between teachers and students, this approach is expected to improve overall student performance in the classroom.

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We are students from the National Economics University conducting a thesis on the impact of peer pressure on senior students We kindly request your assistance in answering questions related to this topic.

We are conducting a survey to gather your insights on the influence of peer pressure based on real experiences Your responses, including any personal information, will be kept confidential and utilized solely for research purposes We appreciate your valuable opinions and look forward to your participation.

Thank you for your cooperation.

1.1 What do you think about the importance of peers in your life?

1.2 What types of peer pressure do you often get?

1.3 What internal factors influence your peer pressure?

1.4 What external factors influence your peer pressure?

1.5 What are your effects of peer pressure? Behavior (Hành động)

Peer pressure can significantly impact second-year students, influencing their decisions and behaviors Many students may feel compelled to conform to the expectations of their peers, leading to stress and anxiety This pressure can manifest in various ways, such as academic performance, social interactions, and lifestyle choices Understanding the effects of peer pressure is crucial for students to navigate their college experience effectively and maintain their well-being.

1 Be influenced to gain new experience

2 Have more motivation in studying

3 Become a better version of yourself

4 Get depressed because you think that you are not good enough

6 Get jealous with others’ success

7 Decrease self-confident about yourself

8 Abuse alcohol drinks to reduce pressures

9 Feel isolated from peers, lack direction in their lives

In addition to the above factors, would you like to add any comments?

PART3: WHAT ARE THE SOLUTIONS FOR SENIOR STUDENTS TO

Please indicate your opinion about each statement by choosing the appropriate column (SD= Strongly Disagree; D= Disagree; U= Undecided; A= Agree, SA Strongly Agree)

2 Spend time for yourself to assess spend strengths and weaknesses instead

3 Find something to focus on and set aside peer pressure (sport, cooking,etc )

4 Build self-esteem for yourself

5 Speak with the individual who is putting you under peer pressure.

6 Recognize unhealthy behaviours to avoid

7 Plan ahead on what you can say or do to avoid being pressured

8 Choose peers who share the same beliefs and values

9 Avoid peers who can cause self-doubt, or may disregard your feelings

Tiêu đề	The Effects Of Peer Pressure On Second-Year Students At National Economics Economy
Tác giả	Tran Lan Nhi, Nguyen Tran Tu Linh, Vu Binh Son, Nguyen Hoang Long, Nguyen Trang Nhung
Người hướng dẫn	Dr. Nguy Thuy Trang
Trường học	National Economics University
Chuyên ngành	Economics
Thể loại	Graduation Project
Năm xuất bản	2021
Thành phố	Ha Noi

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Số trang	45
Dung lượng	226,78 KB