TRO CHUY!N TRlrT HOC + 13 TUTUONG DOI THAY SOP� � A le b9n ngan triet h9c VI no kho khan, kho hieu? B�m ( ng9i triet hQC VI no thU'O'ng to ap d�t, giao dieu? B�m xem thU'O'ng triet h9c VI no m6ng lung, VO bo? Xin b9n hay b1nh tam m9t chut! H9p nhan vien 19i, li�u kien thl.J'c chuyen m6n dO'n thuan co du de giup b9n "d9ng vien" dU'Q'C hQ? B9n v§n thU'O'ng phai dung den nh(fng IO'i co canh th6i! Giai quyet vi�c IU'O'ng bong hay den bu giai toa, chang le ngLI'ai ta kh6ng m9t phut thoang nghT den khai ni�m "c6ng bang"? 09y baa cai dau co the Chi dung den hai thl.J' nhat: Cho roi Cho VQt ho�C Cho ng9t cho bui? Nh)n chung, ta van CU' "triet ly" hang giong nhU' 6ng Jourdain lu6n mi�ng lam "van xu6i" ma kh6ng tl,J' biet day th6i! Triet gia Hegel bao rang ta van co the ho hap va tieu hoa 216 • BUI YAN NAM SON CHUNG Q!JANH DI SAN CUA HUMBOLDT ? R O'i finh VIJC ly thuyet giao dl;IC de di Yao di San thljc te cua CU'O'ng ITnh Humboldt sau hai tram nam, CUQC tranh lu�n xoay quanh cau h6i: cU'O'ng linh ay c6 tfnh thO'i Slj khong, Va, neu CO, chung mljC nao? (au hoi khong de tra IO'i, b6'i mi;>t m�t, y kien rat khac nhau: ngU'O'i th1 xem cU'O'ng ITnh Humboldt v�n la m9t mo h1nh ly tU'O'ng can VU'O'n tO'i nhU' m9t SU' m�nh, ngU'O'i khac cho rang d6 chi la mt huyen tho9i da bj thl,l'C te VU'Qt qua M�t khac, vi�c ap d�ng la qua da d9ng & nhieu nU'O'C khac nhau, nen kh6 CO the CO mt cai nh)n VU'a bao quat, VU'a day du chi tiet dlja tren nhfrng dfr ki�n dU'Q'C kiem chU'ng V) the CJ day chi Xin gi&i hc�ln CUQC thao lu�n CJ m9t vai lu�n diem then chat, dlja tren m9t so tai li�u tc;ii manh dat da khai sinh chung: nU'&c 01.J'c TRO CHUY!N TRl[T HOC + 221 B6NG MAT CUA MOT VI NHAN A "' A S au "vai tro cua nha nlf&c" va "xay dl;l'ng h� thong giao dvc hi�n dc;1i", van de dao tc;10 van hoa tong quat Va hQC t�p SUOt dO'i la hai Chu de l9i di San CUa Humboldt Van de dao tao (van boa) long qual Yeu to trung tam triet ly giao d\IC cua Humboldt la vi�c dao luy�n (Bildung) nhan each m9t each toan di�n va khuyen khich phat trien ca tinh thong qua vi�c dao t�o (van hoa) tong quat Ly thuyet giao d\IC tan - nhan ban kien quyet khong nhu'.qng b9 tru'.cJ'c ap h._ic Cua mQi the hjc chfnh tri va kinh te, khang dinh nhi�m V\1 then chot cua nha tn.tong la "dao t�o nguoi nh6 tro nguoi tru'.ong thanh, chu khong phai dao t�o ong the;, giay emg thq giay" (Hermann, Borsche) Yeu cau ro rang ht thl,ic te tha thach gat gao., Nhu Ash nh�n xet rat dung rang ... TRlfT HOC • 49 HAY DAM BIET! (HAY Tu Duv NGUYEN TAc) 'Khau hi�u' cua Sl/ khai minh la g1? Immanuel Kant (17 24 - 18 04) h6 len bang tieng Latinh: "Sapere aude!", "Hay dam biet!" Phai c6 gan nhU'the... dieu ay da Hom nay, xin thu ban dieu thu nhat: triet TRO CHUY!N TRlfl HOC + 31 � � ' � - CAN BIETVACAN NGHI M on g1 ding can giai lao huong ho triet h9c! Xin b,;rn OQC tham di/ giO' chO'i cua... d6i lai trao doi cung "ngU'O'i ham m(>" ve nhU'ng y kien da nh�n dU'Q'C Thtia b�n d9c quy men, M1.1c Ch uy�n xua chuy�n moi ch�p chung da duQ'c kha nhieu b�n dQC quan tam, khuyen khich, go p Y,