Rationale of the study
In a rapidly growing economy, logistics has become essential for efficiently meeting the production and distribution needs of consumers This sector plays a crucial role in enhancing convenience and speed, solidifying its importance in the economies of various countries, including Vietnam.
Logistics play a crucial role in delivering goods from producers to consumers, requiring companies to meticulously plan and monitor the movement of products and information based on customer needs To remain competitive in this dynamic industry, logistics firms must continually enhance their services by focusing on efficiency, timing, and cost As a student at Haiphong Private University, I am inspired by the modern educational approaches and innovative training programs offered, which have piqued my interest in the logistics field This motivated me to select “A study on the translation of English terminologies related to logistics” as my graduation paper, emphasizing the importance of understanding logistics terminology.
Aims of the study
The study on translation of education terms aims to figure out an overview on translation strategies and procedures commonly employed in translation of Logistics terms
In details, my Graduation Paper aims at:
Collecting and presenting basic English terminologies in Logistics terms
Providing their Vietnamese equivalents or expressions
Analyzing translation strategies and procedures employed in the translation of these English terms into Vietnamese
Providing students majoring in the subject and those who may concern a draft and short reference of basic English terms in Logistics.
This study aims to enhance readers' understanding of logistics terminology by integrating information from both written texts and visual presentations, ultimately facilitating effective translation of these concepts.
Scope of the study
The logistics field is vast and complex; however, due to constraints in time, knowledge, and experience, my focus is narrowed to the translation theory and strategies related to key logistics terms in Vietnamese.
Methods of the study
This Graduation paper is carried out by using the quantitative _ interviews, consultation, qualitative_ data analysis and searching information…
All of English and Vietnamese terms in this graduation paper are collected from internet and dictionary These data are divided into groups based on their common character.
Design of the study
My graduation paper is divided into three parts:
The first part is the Introduction, including: the rationale, aims, scope, method and design of the study
The second part is the Development with three chapters:
Chapter I: Theoretical background: It focuses on the concepts of translation, terms in English and form of language as well as different methods used by professional translators
Chapter II: A study on translation of English terminologies related to logistics, including the popular construction of terms and some strategies applied in translation of some common Logistics terms
Chapter III: Finding and Discussion
The last part is the Conclusion in which I summarize the study to highlight experiences acquired and state the implications for future study
Translation Theory
There are many concepts of translation all over the world Following are some typical concepts:
Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language
Translation involves interpreting the meaning of a source text and producing an equivalent text, known as a translation, that conveys the same message in a different language The original text is referred to as the source text, while the language into which it is translated is called the target language; the resulting product is often termed the target text.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/translation) Translation is the process of changing something that is written or spoken into another language
Translation is a vital communication process that seeks to convey messages across cultural and linguistic barriers According to Hatim and Mason (1997), it involves transferring meaning from a text in one language to a corresponding text in another language, ensuring that the original intent is preserved.
Translation is a text with qualities of equivalence to a prior text in another language, such that the new text is taken as a substitute for the original
Translation is a transfer process, which aims at the transformation of a written
SL text into an optimally equivalent TL text, and which requires the syntactic, the semantic and the pragmatic understanding and analytical processing of the
Translation is a multifaceted concept, with various definitions provided by translators, researchers, and linguists Despite these differing perspectives, there are commonalities among them In essence, translation involves the process of identifying the most suitable equivalents to effectively convey meanings from the source language to the target language.
Translators face the challenge of choosing between literal and free translation methods, which is influenced by factors such as the translation's purpose, the target audience, and the type of text being translated Understanding these elements is crucial for effectively conveying the intended message and ensuring clarity in communication.
According to Peter Newmark (1988:45), there are eight methods of translation, which he categorizes based on the emphasis placed on the source language (SL) and target language (TL) He presents these methods in a simplified diagram for clarity.
Interline translation involves placing the target language (TL) directly beneath the source language (SL) words, maintaining the original word order and translating terms by their most common meanings Cultural references are translated literally This method is primarily used to comprehend the structure of the source language or to interpret challenging texts during the pretranslation process.
Cristiano Ronaldo is a football player living and playing football in Italy
Cristiano Rnaldo là một cầu thủ bóng đá đang sống và chơi bóng tại Italia 1.2.2 Literal translation
Literal translation involves a direct word-for-word conversion from the source language (SL) to the target language (TL), where each SL word corresponds to a TL word, despite potential differences in primary meanings This method translates SL grammatical structures into their closest TL equivalents while often disregarding context for lexical items As a fundamental step in both communication and semantic translation, literal translation serves as the starting point for the translation process and highlights issues that need to be addressed during translation.
I tried for a moment to see the situation through her eyes
Tôi đã thử một lần cố nhìn nhận tình huống theo cách nhìn của cô ta
This approach aims to accurately convey the contextual meaning of the original text while adhering to the grammatical structures of the target language It effectively translates cultural terms and maintains the level of grammatical and lexical differences from the norms of the source language The method strives for complete fidelity to the author's intent and the realization of the text in the source language.
We could see the Mekong River winding its way through the plains below
Chúng tôi có thể nhìn thấy con sông Mekong uốn khúc qua những cảnh đồng bên dưới
Semantic translation differs from faithful translation only in as far as it must take more account of the aesthetic value of the SL text, compromising on
A successful translation should avoid assonance, wordplay, or repetition to ensure clarity and coherence It should not depend heavily on cultural equivalents and should make minimal concessions to the readership While a "faithful" translation can be overly rigid, a semantic translation offers greater flexibility According to New Mark (1982:22), it is essential to consider the semantic constraints of the target language to accurately convey the author's intended contextual meaning.
The third world is vulnerable owing to its extreme specialization The export earnings of many developing countries are based on just two or three main products
Thế giới thứ ba thường dễ bị tổn thương do sự chuyên môn hóa quá mức Tại nhiều quốc gia đang phát triển, nguồn thu nhập từ xuất khẩu chủ yếu phụ thuộc vào chỉ hai hoặc ba sản phẩm chủ lực.
Adaptation is the most liberated form of translation, primarily utilized for plays and poetry, where the themes, characters, and plots are maintained while the source language (SL) culture is transformed into the target language (TL) culture According to Dung Vu (2004), adaptation prioritizes the reinterpretation of original ideas to craft a new text that resonates with the new language, rather than strictly adhering to the original This creative process involves significant alterations in both content and form.
Below the bridge runs the current pure and clear
And there the grass grows soft, by the bridge
Ngồi đầu cầu nước trong như lọc Đường bên cầu cỏ mọc còn non
Free translation prioritizes conveying the meaning of the source language (SL) using the translator's own words, often resulting in a paraphrase that is longer than the original text This approach allows the target language (TL) text to sound more natural and fluid However, the downside is that the casual nature of free translation can lead to misunderstandings of the original content due to its lack of fidelity to the source.
Winter snows, I thought, had drifted through that void arch, winter rains beaten in at those hollow casements
Mùa đông đã đến, mang theo những hạt tuyết lặng lẽ rơi qua khung cửa tò vò, cùng với những cơn mưa tí tách đập vào khung cửa sổ trống rỗng.
Idiomatic translation reproduces the “message” of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning by preferring colloquialisms and the idiom where these do not exist in the original
As the call, so the echo Ác giả, ác báo
Communicative translation attempts to reader the exact contextual meaning of the original in such a way that both content and language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership
“But even here the translation still has to respect and work on the form of the source language text as the only material basis for his work” (Peter Newmark, 1982:39)
Safety In the United State, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) applies strict controls before authorizing the launch of a new drug on the American market
Sự an toàn của sản phẩm dược phẩm là ưu tiên hàng đầu tại Mỹ, nơi Cục Quản Lý Dược và Thực Phẩm thực hiện quy trình kiểm soát nghiêm ngặt trước khi cho phép sản phẩm mới được đưa ra thị trường.
Beside the above common the types of translation, some of the following types are sometimes used during translation process They include: service translation,
8 plum prose translation, information translation, cognitive translation, academic translation
The comparison of texts in various languages necessitates a theory of equivalence, which is a central topic in translation Vanessa Leonardo notes that while equivalence is crucial to translation, its definition and relevance have sparked significant debate, leading to the development of diverse theories over the past fifty years This article explores several detailed approaches to understanding translation equivalences.
Equivalence-oriented translation is a procedure which replicates the same situation as in the original, whilst using completely different wording
ESP in translation
ESP, or English for Specific Purposes, refers to the teaching of English tailored for particular fields, whether in academic contexts or professional settings While some view ESP as English for any defined purpose, it is more accurately described as focused instruction that meets the specific linguistic needs of learners in their respective disciplines.
Tony Dudley-Evans, co-editor of the ESP Journal gives an extended definition of ESP in terms of 'absolute' and 'variable' characteristics (see below)
Definition of ESP (Dudley-Evans, 1997)
ESP may be related to or designed for specific disciplines
ESP may use in specific teaching situations, a different methodology from that of General English
ESP is likely to be designed for adult learners, either at a tertiary level institution or in a professional work situation It could, however, be for learners at secondary school level
ESP is generally designed for intermediate or advanced students
Most ESP courses assume some basic knowledge of the language systems.
David Carter (1983) identifies three types of ESP:
English for Academic and Occupational Purposes
Air traffic controllers and waiters exemplify the use of English as a restricted language, which is characterized by specific terminology and limited vocabulary tailored to particular contexts Mackay and Mountford (1978) effectively highlight the distinction between restricted language and more general forms of communication.
The language used in international air traffic control is considered 'special' due to its limited and specific vocabulary, similar to the language needs of a waiter or flight attendant However, these restricted vocabularies do not constitute a true language, akin to how a tourist phrasebook lacks grammatical structure Mastering such a limited 'language' would not enable effective communication in unfamiliar situations or outside of a professional context.
Carter (1983) identifies English for Academic and Occupational Purposes as the second type of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) According to Hutchinson and Waters (1987) in their 'Tree of ELT,' ESP is divided into three main branches: English for Science and Technology (EST), English for Business and Economics (EBE), and English for Social Studies (ESS).
Each of these subject areas is further divided into two branches:
English for Academic Purposes (EAP)
English for Occupational Purposes (EOP)
An example of EOP for the EST branch is 'English for Technicians' whereas an example of EAP for the EST branch is 'English for Medical Studies'
The third type of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), identified by Carter (1983), focuses on specific topics rather than general purposes This type addresses the anticipated English needs of professionals, such as scientists, who require language skills for postgraduate studies, attending international conferences, or collaborating in foreign institutions.
I contend that this should not be viewed as a distinct category of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), but rather as a crucial element of ESP courses that emphasize situational language This situational language is derived from the analysis of genuine language utilized in the relevant workplace environment, based on the findings from needs assessments.
Terms in English
In “Dictionary of Linguistic Terminology” (1997) there are 15 different definitions of terminology According to Nguyen Van Tu (1960:176):
Terminology refers to specific words or phrases used within fields such as science, technology, politics, and art, conveying precise meanings and representing distinct concepts relevant to those disciplines.
According Russian author in “Russian Encyclopedia” (1976:473-474)
Terminology refers to a specific word or phrase that accurately represents a concept and its connections within a particular field It encompasses specialized expressions related to objects, phenomena, attributes, and their interrelations in various professions.
Many Vietnamese linguistics such as Do Huu Chau (1998), Luu Van Lang
In 1979, Do Huu Chau defined terminology as specialist words used within scientific, professional, or technological fields However, Nguyen Thien Giap provided a more comprehensive definition in 1985, describing terminology as specific linguistic units that include words and fixed phrases offering precise definitions related to particular scientific areas During the "Conference on Building Terminology System" held by the State Community of Science in 1969 in Hanoi, key criteria for effective terminology were established, emphasizing the importance of accuracy, systematic organization, and internationalism.
There is distinction between technical and descriptive terms The original source language writer may use a descriptive term for a technical object for three reasons:
The objective is new and not yet has a name
The descriptive term is being used as a familiar alternative, to avoid repetition
The descriptive term is being used to make a contrast with another one
When translating, it is essential to use the appropriate counterparts for technical and descriptive terms, avoiding the temptation to replace a descriptive term with a technical one simply to showcase expertise This practice can undermine the linguistic impact of the original descriptive term However, if the original descriptive term stems from the author's ignorance or if the correct technical term is absent in the source language, particularly when referring to a concept familiar to the target language culture but foreign to the source language, it is acceptable to use a technical term in translation.
Terminology constitutes about 5-10% of a text, while the majority is composed of natural language An authoritative text typically aims for a polished style, and if it falls short, you can enhance it by transforming it into a more elegant and natural form, which the writer will surely appreciate.
According to structure, Logistics Terms consist of following types:
Single terms are those that consist of just one word, example: Export, Customer, Import, etc…
Compound terms are terms consisting of two or more words, most of them are compound nouns
Phrases: Most of them are noun phrases: Commission based agent, Exclusive distributor, Export-import procedures, etc…
Abbreviations: OEM: original equipment manufacturer, VAT: value added tax, GST: goods and service tax, etc…
STUDY ON TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH
Overview of Logistics
Logistics involves the meticulous organization and execution of complex operations, focusing on the management of the flow of goods from their origin to their final destination This process aims to fulfill the needs of customers and businesses alike It encompasses the management of both tangible resources, such as food, materials, and equipment, and intangible resources like time and information Effective logistics integrates various elements, including information flow, materials handling, production, packaging, inventory management, transportation, warehousing, and security.
In military science, logistics plays a crucial role in sustaining army supply lines while hindering those of the enemy, as an armed force without resources is vulnerable Historically, military logistics has been practiced since ancient times, evolving significantly to meet the complex demands of modern warfare Logistics officers are responsible for strategically managing the movement of resources to ensure they reach their destinations promptly and efficiently.
Logistics management is a crucial component of supply chain management that focuses on planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient flow and storage of goods, services, and information from origin to consumption to fulfill customer needs The complexities involved in logistics can be effectively modeled, analyzed, visualized, and optimized using specialized simulation software, which aids in minimizing resource usage.
15 common motivation in all logistics fields A professional working in the field of logistics management is called a logistician
1.2 Some features of Logistics field in Vietnam
The logistics industry in Vietnam is rapidly expanding, projected to grow faster than the nation's GDP, with logistics services currently contributing 15-20% to GDP Despite this growth, the sector faces challenges due to underdeveloped logistics and transport infrastructure, leading to relatively high operational costs.
Ha Noi in the North and Ho Chi Minh City in the South are the leading logistics hubs in Vietnam The country is experiencing a growing trend in outsourcing logistics services, which can be categorized into two distinct groups.
Basic services including outbound transportation/warehousing and inbound transportation/ warehousing
Specialised services including warehouse management, inventory man agement, order processing, vendor management, custom information and support, reverse logistics and climate controlled logistics.
The popular construction of terms and strategies applied for translating Logistics
Due to limited time and knowledge, this reseach only focus on some popular single terms, most of them are formed by the help of suffixes
Noun –forming suffixes: “ance”, “ion”, “er”, “y” …
Auction: a sale in which things are sold to the person who offers the mostmoney Đấu giá
Consumption: the amount of something that someone uses, eats, or drinks
Remittance: the act of sending payment to someone
Advance: to pay someone some money before the regular time
Tiền trả trước thời hạn
Customer: a person who buys goods or a service
Supplier: a company that sells something Nhà cung cấp
Delivery: the act of taking goods, letters, parcels, etc to people'shouses or places of work
In logistics and various other fields, terminology often consists of compound terms formed by combining two or more words These terms primarily include compound nouns and compound adjectives, which play a crucial role in effective communication within the industry.
Customer Service: customer services the part of an organization that answerscustomers' questions, exchanges goo ds that are not satisfactory, etc
Nhân viên hỗ trợ, dịch vụ khách hàng
Customs declaration: an official document that lists and gives details of goods that are being imported or exported
A customs broker is a professional or agency hired to ensure compliance with all regulations and payment of necessary taxes for the importation of goods into a country.
Processing zone: An area where the series of actions that are taken to change rawmaterials during the production of goods
Freight forwarder: a company that arranges for goods to be transported, especially to another country
Hãng giao nhận vận tải
Air freight: Fee of goods that are carried by plane, or the system of carrying goods byplane
Cước hàng không Ocean Freight: Fee of goods that are carried by ship Cước biển
Documentations fee: fee of proof (bill of lading) Phí làm chứng từ (vận đơn)
Transit time: the movement of goods or people from one place to another
Departure date: the act of leaving a place, job, etc., or an occasion when this happens
Clean on board: loaded on the ship perfectly Đã bốc hàng lên tàu hoàn hảo
Exchange rate: the rate at which the money of one country can be changed for themoney of another country
Typing errors: typing mistake Lỗi đánh máy
Export procedures: a set of actions that is the official or accepted way of doing something send goods to another country for sale
Import procedures: a set of actions that is the official or accepted way of doing something to buy or bring in products from another country
Back date Bill of Lading: Bill of lading is dated Vận đơn kí lùi ngày
Open-top container: An open-top container does not have a roof, or has a roof that you can fold back
Cut-off time: The deadline for the exporter to complete the clearance of goods, liquidate the container to port loading and unloading goods on board
Bonded warehouse: a place where goods are kept before tax is paid on them
The National Single Window system enables customs declarants to electronically submit information and documentation required for customs procedures and state management of import and export goods through a unified information system.
Full truck load refers to regular goods that shippers book for transportation themselves The estimated time of arrival indicates the scheduled time for the ship's arrival.
A bill of lading can be classified as either clean or unclean, with a clean bill indicating that the document is accurate and free from discrepancies, while an unclean bill reflects inaccuracies Additionally, an agency agreement is a contractual arrangement where one party, the agent, is granted authority by another party to act on their behalf.
The principal is authorized to conduct one or more transactions on their behalf, ensuring that the other party receives an agreed-upon sum of money, which is determined by the parties involved regarding the payment amount and terms.
Dangerous goods refer to solids, liquids, and gases that pose risks to people, living organisms, property, or the environment On the other hand, general cargo consists of items that need to be loaded individually, rather than being transported in intermodal containers or in bulk, such as oil or grain.
Indicative seal: Highly effective way to secure shipment, equipment, etc
Free dispatch: If loading/discharging achieved sooner than agreed, there will be no freight money returned
Miễn thưởng bốc/dỡ nhanh Gearless ship: A carrier that needs assistant from equipment installed at port
Tàu không có trang bị bốc/dỡ hàng
Autonomous port: A state-owned enterprise Một loại cảng được quản lý bởi chính quyền sở tại
Protest for Non-payment: Appeal does not pay Kháng nghị không trả tiền The balance payment: the amount left after ordering
Số tiền còn lại sau cọc
International ship and port securiry charges:
Additional security charge for ships and international ports
Phụ phí an nình cho tàu và cảng quốc tế
Change of Destination: Additional fee to change destination
Phụ phí thay đổi nơi đến
Cash against documents: Cash exchanges documents
Tiền mặt đổi lấy chứng từ
The weather on working days is pleasant, creating an ideal environment for productivity Additionally, the shipment was loaded onto the vessel in excellent condition, ensuring that all items are ready for transport.
Hàng đã bốc lên tàu nhìn bề ngoài ở trong điều kiện tốt
Peak Season Surcharge: Additional revenue peak season
Phụ phí mùa cao điểm
An abbreviation is a concise version of a word or phrase, typically formed by using letters from the original term One common type of abbreviation is an acronym, which allows translators to condense lengthy terms, reducing redundancy while ensuring that readers understand the intended meaning.
DDU Delivered Duty Unpaid Giao hàng chưa nộp thuế
THC Terminal handling charge phí làm hàng tại cảng
VAT value added tax thuế giá trị gia tăng
GST goods and service tax thuế giá trị gia tăng (bên nước ngoài)
WCO World Customs Hội đồng hải quan thế
Hệ thống thuế quan ưu đãi phổ cập GSTP Global system of Trade preferences hệ thống ưu đãi thuế quan toàn cầu
NVOCC Non vessel operating common carrier nhà cung cấp dịch vụ vận tải không tàu CFS Container freight station kho khai thác hàng lẻ
CFR Cost and Freight Tiền hàng và cước phí
Tiền hàng,bảo hiểm và cước phí
CPT Carriage Paid To Cước phí trả tới
Cước phí, bảo hiểm trả tới DAT Delivered At Terminal Giao hàng tại bến DDP Delivered duty paid Giao hàng đã thông quan Nhập khẩu
Hiệp hội Vận tải Hàng Không Quốc tế
DC dried container container hàng khô
Phụ phí biến động giá nhiên liệu
Phụ phí biến động tỷ giá ngoại tệ
Surcharge phụ phí xăng dầu (cho tuyến Châu Á) GRI General Rate Increase phụ phí cước vận chuyển (xảy ra vào mùa cao điểm)
Surcharge phụ phí tắc nghẽn cảng SCS Suez Canal Surcharge Phụ phí qua kênh đào
COD Change of Destination Phụ phí thay đổi nơi đến WRS War Risk Surcharge Phụ phí chiến tranh
FSC Fuel Surcharges phụ phí nguyên liệu
SSC Security Surcharges phụ phí an ninh (hàng air) CAD Cash against documents tiền mặt đổi lấy chứng từ
D/P Documents against payment nhờ thu trả ngay
D/A Documents agains acceptance nhờ thu trả chậm
The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP) establishes standardized rules for documentary credit transactions, ensuring consistency and reliability in international trade Meanwhile, the International Standard Banking Practice (ISBP) provides guidelines for the examination of documents under these credits, promoting best practices in document verification Together, these frameworks facilitate smoother banking operations and enhance trust in cross-border transactions.
RFQ request for quotation yêu cầu hỏi giá/đơn hỏi hàng
NCND Non-circumvention, non-disclosure thỏa thuận không gian lận, không tiết lộ thông tin MOQ Minimum order quantity số lượng đặt hàng tối thiểu
QA Quality assurance bộ phận quản lý chất lượng
QC Quality Control bộ phận quản lý chất lượng
MSDS Material safety data sheet bản khai báo an toàn hóa chất ROROC Report on receipt of biên bản kết toán nhận
SOF Statement of fact biên bản làm hàng
CSC Certificate of shortlanded cargo
Giấy chứng nhận hàng thiếu
COR Cargo Outturn Report Biên bản hàng đổ vỡ hư hỏng
It should be noted that the set of terms on Logistics in this Graduation Paper are collected on Internet and some dictionaries.
Popular strategies and procedures applied in the translation of some common
3.1 Procedures applied in the Equivalence Translation
This is a strategy which links meaning of the words used in the terms without any changes which is often known as word-for-word translation as following example:
Export license giấy phép xuất khẩu
In the above example, we see that the terms “Export license” is translated as
The term "export license" consists of two key components: "export" and "license." Understanding these elements is crucial for grasping the concept of export licensing in international trade.
In Vietnamese, the term "Export" translates to "xuất khẩu," while "license" translates to "giấy phép." This translation demonstrates that the English terminology retains the meanings of both words, while the Vietnamese language effectively connects their meanings.
The following table is an illustration for using this strategy:
ENGLISH VIETNAMESE import license giấy phép nhập khẩu
Flight No số chuyến bay
Delivery order lệnh giao hàng
This strategy involves making grammatical adjustments when translating from the source language (SL) to the target language (TL) and is particularly effective for translating compound terminologies It encompasses two main types, one of which is "automatic translation." This type is primarily used for translating compound terminologies presented as simple, unmarked nominal groups.
From the above the illustration, the readers can be easy to realize that the English terminologies is a compound which is created by one “noun”-
The term "registration" is a noun, while "form" is also a noun; however, in Vietnamese, the phrase "sự đăng ký" is translated to the verb "đăng ký." Despite this grammatical shift, the lexical and linguistic meanings remain consistent between the source language (SL) and the target language (TL).
The second type of transposition often involves grammatical changes and includes additional words compared to the source language (SL) This method is commonly used when translating compound terms that lack direct Vietnamese equivalents in English Typically, these terms correspond to a clause in Vietnamese.
Bonded warehouse Kho ngoại quan
The term "Bonded warehouse" consists of the adjective "Bonded" and the noun "warehouse." In Vietnamese, "Bonded" is translated as the verb "ngoại quan." To enhance clarity, the translator uses a lexical equivalent for the compound term, resulting in the translation "Kho ngoại quan."
This is a strategy which is mainly used in translation of terminologies The following table is a list of terminologies belonging this strategy
3.2 Popular strategies and procedures applied in Non-equivalence
To address non-equivalence in translation, several strategies are employed, including translation by illustration, cultural substitution, the use of more neutral and less expressive words, and omission, also known as reduction translation These methods are particularly prevalent in the logistics sector.
3.2.1 Translation by paraphrasing unrelated words
When a concept from the source language lacks a direct equivalent in the target language, paraphrasing can be effective in certain contexts This approach may involve altering a subordinate term or elaborating on the meaning of the original item, especially when dealing with semantically complex terms.
Dangerous goods Hàng hoá nguy hiểm
General cargo Hàng bách hóa
Trucking phí vận tải nội địa
In the logistics sector, the term "Trucking," typically translated as "sự vận chuyển bằng xe tải, ô tô," takes on a more specific meaning, referring to "phí vận tải nội địa."
The term "Trucking" translates to "phí vận tải nội địa" in Vietnamese within the logistics sector, highlighting a significant shift in meaning from its general English usage In specialized contexts, words can acquire distinct meanings that differ from everyday conversations.
Logistics terminology often requires careful translation between English and Vietnamese to ensure accuracy and clarity Below is a list of logistics terms that have been effectively translated using this strategy.
3.2.2 Translation by paraphrasing related words
This strategy is frequently employed to express a concept from the source language in a different manner It is applicable in translation when the English terminology or concept has a corresponding equivalent in Vietnamese.
Non-negotiable không chuyển nhượng được
The prefix "non" is a key component of logistics terminology, demonstrating how affixes can enhance the meaning of words By incorporating various prefixes and suffixes, the terminology in the logistics sector can be significantly expanded, allowing for a richer understanding of concepts The addition of suffixes, in particular, can transform these terms and provide greater clarity and specificity within the field.
Volume số lượng hàng book
Translating words can yield 27 different meanings, but direct equivalents often do not exist in the target language (TL) This highlights the importance for translators to focus on the meanings of affixes Many prefixes and suffixes, such as the suffixes “-er,” “-or,” and “-ee,” as well as the prefixes “il-,” “non-,” and “un-,” convey similar meanings and should be carefully considered during translation.
Non-circumvention Thỏa thuận không gian lận
Customer Service Nhân viên hỗ trợ, dịch vụ khách hàng
In conclusion, paraphrasing through the use of related words is an effective method for conveying the meaning of the source language (SL) By utilizing different terminology and incorporating suffixes, the nuances of meaning can be enhanced and diversified.
Addition is the translation in which additional information is supplied in the TL with the purpose of helping readers to understand and hold its meaning exactly
Documentation staff Nhân viên chứng từ
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
Main finding
Translation is a demanding process that requires researchers to diligently enhance their knowledge across various sectors in everyday life This challenge becomes even more pronounced in specialized fields such as logistics, where the complexities of terminology and concepts make translation particularly intricate.
By choosing and analyzing the translation methods to deal with non-equivalence and equivalence translation, the translator can use it as their reference and apply for their works
The following are some problems:
When translating abbreviations, it's essential to utilize loan words, as this method is the most common in the field This approach allows for the incorporation of loan terminologies that are adapted to the Vietnamese language, facilitating accurate translations of English terms By doing so, it enhances readability and aids in the memorization of these terminologies for readers.
Logistics is a vast field with complex content and varying interpretations, making it challenging for translators to select the most accurate and relevant information for readers.
A significant challenge in translation is the inadequate knowledge of one's mother tongue and limited translation experience This foundational understanding is crucial for effective translation, yet many translators neglect to enhance their proficiency in their native language or gain practical translation skills As a result, many find it easier to translate from English to Vietnamese, often struggling to find appropriate words in their mother tongue, even when they fully comprehend the source material.
Suggestions for translation of Logistics terms
To solve the difficulties, translator should perform by some following steps:
First, we should spend time improving translator’s shallow knowledge in terms of Logistics We can read Vietnamese books, newspapers, other documents related to Logistics
We increasingly rely on accounting websites to gather essential information, as the internet serves as a valuable resource for research While it offers access to necessary reference documents, it's crucial to critically evaluate the credibility of the information available Therefore, we should be discerning in our selection of study materials to ensure accuracy and relevance.
The third, we should learn from our colleagues and partners They are people who help us in our work Experience will be passed to another
At last, my research paper has been completed
After consulting and collecting from either English or Vietnamese, I have designed the paper into three parts:
Part I is an Introduction: the reason, aims, scope, methods and design of the study are present
Part II is local point with three chapters Chapter I is theoretical background providing the readers general view of translation, and some knowledge about ESP for each student know deeper terms In chapter II, the readers can know a lot of Logistics terms and some techniques applied in translation are effective to translate terms in logistics field To classify the terms, follow to each of technique of translation is caused difficulties to me But this thing really helped me know more about structure of word and techniques of them
Part III is Finding and Discussion, the writer found some difficulties which translator usually mention in the translation process Therefore, the writer gave some effective suggestions to overcome these problems And Part III is Conclusion to summarize the study
This research paper acknowledges its limitations in time and expertise, which may result in certain weaknesses It is hoped that these shortcomings will be viewed with understanding and consideration.
I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to my supervisor, Ms Vu Thi Thu Trang, and all the faculty members of the Foreign Language Department for their invaluable guidance and insightful feedback.
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Vocabulary)
Advance Tiền trả trước thời hạn
Agency agreement Hợp đồng đại lý
Air freight Cước hàng không
Autonomous port Một loại cảng được quản lý bởi chính quyền sở tại
Back date bill of lading Vận đơn kí lùi ngày
Bonded warehouse Kho ngoại quan
The Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF) refers to the surcharge applied to shipping costs due to fluctuations in fuel prices A Cargo Outturn Report is a document that details the condition of goods upon arrival, noting any damage or loss Additionally, Carriage and Insurance Paid To (CIP) indicates that the freight charges and insurance are covered by the seller up to a specified destination.
Carriage paid to Cước phí trả tới
Cash against documents (CAD) is a payment method where payment is made in exchange for shipping documents A certificate of shortlanded cargo is issued to confirm the shortage of goods upon delivery Additionally, a change of destination incurs a surcharge for altering the delivery location.
Clean bill of lading Vận đơn hoàn hảo
Clean on board Đã bốc hàng lên tàu hoàn hảo
Container freight station Kho khai thác hàng lẻ
Cost and freight Tiền hàng và cước phí
Cost, insurance and freight Tiền hàng,bảo hiểm và cước phí
Currency adjustment factor Phụ phí biến động tỷ giá ngoại tệ
Customer service Nhân viên hỗ trợ, dịch vụ khách hàng
Customs broker Đại lý hải quan
Customs declaration Khai báo hải quan
Cut-off time Giờ cắt máng
Dangerous goods Hàng hoá nguy hiểm
Delivered at terminal Giao hàng tại bến
Delivered duty paid Giao hàng đã thông quan nhập khẩu Delivered duty unpaid Giao hàng chưa nộp thuế
Departure date Ngày khởi hành
Documentations fee Phí làm chứng từ (vận đơn) Documents agains acceptance Nhờ thu trả chậm
Documents against payment Nhờ thu trả ngay
Dried container Container hàng khô
Emergency bunker surcharge Phụ phí xăng dầu (cho tuyến châu á) Estimated time of arrival Thời gian dự kiến tàu đến
Exchange rate Tỷ giá đổi tiền
Export procedures Thủ tục xuất khẩu
Free despatch Miễn thưởng bốc/dỡ nhanh
Freight forwarder Hãng giao nhận vận tải
Fuel surcharges Phụ phí nguyên liệu
Full truck load Hàng thường (shipper tự book tàu) Gearless ship Tàu không có trang bị bốc/dỡ hàng
General cargo Hàng bách hóa
General rate increase Phụ phí cước vận chuyển (xảy ra vào mùa cao điểm) Generalized system prefered Hệ thống thuế quan ưu đãi phổ cập
Global system of trade preferences Hệ thống ưu đãi thuế quan toàn cầu
Goods and service tax Thuế giá trị gia tăng (bên nước ngoài)
Import procedures Thủ tục nhập khẩu
International air transport association Hiệp hội vận tải hàng không quốc tế International ship and port securiry charges
Phụ phí an nình cho tàu và cảng quốc tế International standard banking practice for the examination of documents under documentary credits
International banking standards for document verification under letters of credit ensure compliance and security in transactions The Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) provides essential information regarding chemical safety and handling Minimum order quantity (MOQ) refers to the smallest amount that can be ordered, which is crucial for suppliers and buyers The National Single Window system streamlines administrative processes, facilitating easier trade and regulatory compliance.
Non vessel operating common carrier Nhà cung cấp dịch vụ vận tải không tàu Non-circumvention, non-disclosure Thỏa thuận không gian lận, không tiết lộ thông tin
Open-top container Container mở nóc
Peak season surcharge Phụ phí mùa cao điểm
Port congestion surcharge Phụ phí tắc nghẽn cảng
Processing zone Khu chế xuất
Protest for non-payment Kháng nghị không trả tiền
Quality assurance Bộ phận quản lý chất lượng Quality control Bộ phận quản lý chất lượng
This article discusses the cargo receipt report, which outlines the confirmation of goods received from the ship It also highlights the importance of requesting quotations for pricing and inquiries regarding shipments Additionally, it addresses security surcharges applied to air cargo, ensuring compliance with industry standards.
Shipped in apparent good order Hàng đã bốc lên tàu nhìn bề ngoài ở trong điều kiện tốt
Statement of fact Biên bản làm hàng
Suez canal surcharge Phụ phí qua kênh đào suez
Terminal handling charge Phí làm hàng tại cảng
The balance payment Số tiền còn lại sau cọc The uniform customs and practice for documentary credit
Các quy tắc thực hành thống nhất về tín dụng chứng từ
Transit time Thời gian trung chuyển
Typing errors Lỗi đánh máy
Unclean bill of lading Vận đơn không hoàn hảo
Value added tax Thuế giá trị gia tăng
War risk surcharge Phụ phí chiến tranh
Weather working day Ngày làm việc thời tiết tốt World customs organization Hội đồng hải quan thế giới
1 Logistics means tha tyou manage the procurement and movement of goods and the ……….of inventory
2 It means the ………… of the goods the customer needs at the right time, in the right place, and of the right quatity
3 My definition of logistics is this: it's to plan, organizea, and manage operations that……… Services and goods
4 Logistics - that's the purchasing, maintenance,……….and replacement of material and staff
5 Logistics is the planning and ……… of operations such as awarehousing, inventory, transport, procurement, supply, and
Translation sample)
Freight transport logistics in Europe- the key to sustainable mobility
Europe's transport policy has evolved through liberalisation and harmonisation, adapting to the challenges posed by globalisation and the concept of a wider Europe The rapid growth of freight transport, largely driven by economic factors, enhances growth and employment but also leads to congestion, accidents, noise, pollution, and increased dependence on imported fossil fuels Limited infrastructure resources mean that any disruption in the supply chain negatively impacts the EU economy, threatening competitiveness and the environment To address these issues, Europe must optimise its transport system through advanced logistics solutions, increasing the efficiency of transport modes and reducing the number of vehicles needed to carry freight Modernisation of rail and inland waterways, better integration of air freight, and acceleration of short sea shipping are essential Additionally, enhancing deep-sea shipping and its hinterland connections, while promoting shifts to more environmentally friendly transport modes, is crucial, especially in urban areas and congested corridors Each transport mode must be optimised to become safer, more energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly Ultimately, co-modality, which involves the efficient use of various transport modes individually and in combination, will lead to sustainable resource utilisation.
Vận tải hàng hóa ở châu Âu - chìa khóa của di chuyển bền vững
Chính sách vận chuyển của Châu Âu đã phát triển theo hướng tự do và hài hòa, góp phần định hình hệ thống giao thông hiện tại Khái niệm về một Châu Âu rộng lớn và toàn cầu hóa ngày càng gia tăng đã tạo ra nhiều thách thức mới Sự bùng nổ trong lĩnh vực vận tải hàng hóa đang diễn ra nhanh chóng.