1 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Industry’s First QoS Industry’s First QoS - - Enhanced MPLS TE Enhanced MPLS TE Solution Solution Azhar Sayeed Azhar Sayeed Manager, IOS Product Management, Manager, IOS Product Management, asayeed@cisco.com Contact Info: Kim Gibbons, Contact Info: Kim Gibbons, kgibbons@cisco.com , 408 , 408 - - 525 525 - - 4909 4909 2 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Agenda Agenda • MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE) Technology and Applications • Why Extend QoS into MPLS TE • Guaranteed Bandwidth Services QoS-enhanced MPLS Traffic Engineering • The Cisco IOS Advantage • Summary, Comments & Questions 3 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. MPLS Is The Key Technology for MPLS Is The Key Technology for IP Service Delivery IP Service Delivery IP+ATM Switch IP+ATM Switch PNNI PNNI MPLS MPLS IP IP IP+ATM—MPLS Brings IP and ATM Together IP+ATM—MPLS Brings IP and ATM Together Network-Based VPNs with MPLS—A Foundation for Value Added Service Delivery Network-Based VPNs with MPLS—A Foundation for Value Added Service Delivery • Flexible user and service grouping (biz-to-biz) • Flexibility of IP and the QoS of ATM • Enables application and content hosting inside each VPN • Transport independent • Low provisioning costs enable affordable managed services • Flexible user and service grouping (biz-to-biz) • Flexibility of IP and the QoS of ATM • Enables application and content hosting inside each VPN • Transport independent • Low provisioning costs enable affordable managed services • Eliminates IP “over” ATM overhead and complexity • One network for Internet, business IP VPNs, and transport • Eliminates IP “over” ATM overhead and complexity • One network for Internet, business IP VPNs, and transport ATM Services ATM Services IP Services IP Services 4 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Key Messages Key Messages • DiffServ-aware MPLS TE: A powerful solution for improving network resource management • Guaranteed Bandwidth Services: Assuring value-added services Better availability with TE, scalable VPN solution • Cisco: Leading the industry and market with advanced, integrated MPLS and QoS solutions 5 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. What is MPLS Traffic Engineering? What is MPLS Traffic Engineering? • Process of routing data traffic in order to balance the traffic load on the various links, routers, and switches in the network • Key in most networks where multiple parallel or alternate paths are available 6 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Why Traffic Engineering? Why Traffic Engineering? • Congestion in the network due to changing traffic patterns Election news, online trading, major sports events • Better utilization of available bandwidth Route on the non-shortest path • Route around failed links/nodes Fast rerouting around failures, transparently to users Like SONET APS (Automatic Protection Switching) • Virtual IP leased line services VoIP Toll-Bypass applications, point-to-point bandwidth guarantees • Capacity planning TE improves aggregate availability of the network 7 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. R8 R2 R6 R3 R4 R7 R5 R1 IP (Mostly) Uses Destination-Based Least-Cost Routing Flows from R8 and R1 Merge at R2 and Become Indistinguishable From R2, Traffic to R3, R4, R5 Use Upper Route IP (Mostly) Uses Destination-Based Least-Cost Routing Flows from R8 and R1 Merge at R2 and Become Indistinguishable From R2, Traffic to R3, R4, R5 Use Upper Route Alternate Path Under-Utilized Alternate Path Under-Utilized IP Routing and The Fish IP Routing and The Fish 8 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. MPLS TE Application MPLS TE Application • Protection solution Similar to SONET’s automatic protection switching • Fast re-route Goal is to match SONET restoral times—50 ms Locally patch around lost facilities Locally re-route around failed links/nodes Strategies Alternate tunnel (1->1 mapping) or tunnel within tunnel (n->1 mapping) How is this done? Locally re-route traffic onto backup paths when informed by lower layers (SONET etc.) The backup paths are pre-established—however, bandwidth needn’t be double counted 9 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Node and Link Protection Node and Link Protection R8 R2 R6 R3 R4 R7 R1 R5 R9 • Multiple hops can be by-passed. R2 swaps the label which R4 expects before pushing the label for R6 • R2 locally patches traffic onto the link with R6 • Multiple hops can be by-passed. R2 swaps the label which R4 expects before pushing the label for R6 • R2 locally patches traffic onto the link with R6 10 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Cisco MPLS AutoBandwidth Cisco MPLS AutoBandwidth • Automatically increases or decreases bandwidth reserved for an MPLS TE tunnel based on measured traffic load Tunnels are resized within a specified range based on actual traffic rates over time. Both time interval and bandwidth range are configurable. • Makes it easy to configure and monitor bandwidth for MPLS TE tunnels • Automatically increases or decreases bandwidth reserved for an MPLS TE tunnel based on measured traffic load Tunnels are resized within a specified range based on actual traffic rates over time. Both time interval and bandwidth range are configurable. • Makes it easy to configure and monitor bandwidth for MPLS TE tunnels Cisco Cisco - - unique feature! unique feature! Minimum Maximum Total bandwidth for all TE tunnels on a path Bandwidth reserved for a TE tunnel using Cisco AutoBandwidth allocator Bandwidth available to other tunnels Tunnel resized to traffic rate Time [...]... Advantage • Shipped MPLS in Cisco IOS software release 11.1CT - July 1998 • First to deploy MPLS in a production network • First to deploy MPLS traffic engineering • First to deploy MPLS VPNs • First to deploy QoS-enhanced MPLS TE • Broadest platform support • Interoperable solution based in standards © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 26 Key Messages • DiffServ-aware MPLS TE: A powerful solution for improving... resource management • Guaranteed Bandwidth Services: Assuring value-added services Better availability with TE, scalable VPN solution • Cisco: Leading the industry and market with advanced, integrated MPLS and QoS solutions © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 27 Appendix © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 28 MPLS Technology Overview — Main Ideas • Separate forwarding information (label) from the content of data (IP header)... Swapping 30 MPLS Applications • MPLS a service enabler • Advanced IP services Highly-scalable networkbased VPN solution • Traffic management IP traffic engineering solution Protection solution with fast re-route Virtual leased line using guaranteed bandwidth services • Integration of diverse technologies IP + ATM IP + Optical IP ATM MPLS OPTICAL © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 31 Defined PHBs • Expedited Forwarding...End-to-End Solution via Cisco IOS® Software VPN HQ Back-up 5 Mbps 1 Mbps HQ1 MPLS TE MPLS VPN VPN and Traffic Engineering Combined to Provide End-to-End Services © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 11 DiffServ Industry Standard Differentiated Services © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 12 The IP QoS Pendulum Time No state Aggregated state Best Effort DiffServ Per-flow state IntServ / RSVP 1 The original IP service 2 First. .. Line! © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 15 Cisco IOS DiffServ • Cisco IOS 12.2 are fully compliant with all the Core DiffServ RFCs • Platforms: • C36xx, C72xx, C75xx Now • More Platforms in the Near Future © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 16 Integrating QoS and TE DiffServ-Aware TE MPLS Guaranteed Bandwidth Services © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 17 MPLS Guaranteed Bandwidth Services • MPLS guaranteed bandwidth services... MPLS Cloud • With CIR guarantees • Adding full CIR support to FRoMPLS: Admission control over CIR via creation of a GB -TE tunnel for sum of all CIRs DLCI=177 High Priority Frame Relay Interface DLCI=215 MPLS Frame Relay Interface DLCI=310 Low Priority Frame Relay Interface DLCI=251 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 22 MPLS Guaranteed Bandwidth Conclusions • Adds strict Point-to-Point QoS commitment over MPLS. .. Automatic Protection Switching • ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode • DiffServ Differentiated Services • EF Expedited Forwarding • GB -TE Guaranteed Bandwidth Traffic Engineering • IP Internet Protocol • MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching • PHB Per Hop Behavior • PNNI Private Network to Network Interface • PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network • QoS Quality of Service • SONET Synchronous Optical Network • TE Traffic... example of MPLS guaranteed bandwidth services built using: Core: GB -TE Edge: Existing MPLS TE classification at the edge Policing at the edge to ensure there is no theft of service 5 Mbps C1—>C3 A B C3 C1 C2 10 Mbps C2—>C3 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 20 Toll Bypass Trunking Class 5 legacy switches PSTN Network GB Tunnel Toll Trunk V VoIP Gateway © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc MPLS Network V VoIP Gateway 21... over MPLS infrastructure • Further step towards enabling MPLS as the multiservice infrastructure Other parallel steps include Fast Reroute, Admission Control of Voice, • Enabler for a whole range of MPLS applications • DiffServ-aware TE is a key Core tool for MPLS Guaranteed Bandwidth Services” • DiffServ-aware TE allows some GB applications (Virtual Leased Line, FRoMPLS CIR, Static Voice Trunks) •... Cisco Systems, Inc 24 Cisco’s MPLS Contribution to IETF • IETF contributions over 50 • Cisco is either the author or the co-author in key IETF MPLS drafts Cisco Calls a BOF at IETF to Standardize Tag Switching Time 1996 MPLS Croup Formally Chartered by IETF Cisco Ships MPLS (Tag Switching) 1997 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc 1998 Cisco Ships Traffic Engineering MPLS TE Deployed MPLS VPN Deployed 1999 Over . 1 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Industry’s First QoS Industry’s First QoS - - Enhanced MPLS TE Enhanced MPLS TE Solution Solution Azhar Sayeed Azhar. Systems, Inc. DiffServ DiffServ - - Aware TE Aware TE MPLS Guaranteed Bandwidth MPLS Guaranteed Bandwidth Services Services Integrating QoS and TE Integrating