- Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không xác định thời gian.. Ex: I have already seen that film.[r]
(1)REVISION (II) I. Tenses / Passive:
Passive voice: (Thể bị động)
Cách đổi : S + V + O + NC + TG
S + Be + V-3/ed + NC + ( by + O) + TG
Ex: People speak English all over the world. English is spoken all over the world
II Reported speech: a Statements:
b Commands:
c Yes – No questions:
Notes:
1 Đổi ngôi I He / She We They me him / her us them my his / her our their
2 Đổi thì The simple present (V-s/es) The simple past (V-2/ed) will would shall should
can could may might must had to 3 Đổi trạng từ this that tonight that night
these those tomorrow the next day / the following day
here there next week/ month the following week / month now then last week / month the week / month before
ago before yesterday the previous day / the day before
today that day
Tenses Active Passive Adverbs
1 The simple present
S + V-s/es + O S + am/is/are + P.P Always, usually, often, seldom, sometimes, every,
2 The
simple past S + V-2/ed + O S + was/ were + P.P Yesterday, last, ago, in…
3 The future
S + will/ shall + bare inf + O
S + will/ shall + be + P.P
Tomorrow, next, soon, in….
4.Modal verb S + modal verb + bare inf S + modal verb + be + P.P
5 The present progressive
S + am/is/are + V-ing + O S + am/is/are + being + P.P
Now, right now, at present, at the moment; Look, Listen!
5 The past
progressive S + was/ were + V-ing + O S + was/ were + being + P.P
At …last night, All day yesterday, At that time yesterday, While…,….
6 The present perfect
S + have/ has + P.P + O S + have/ has + been + P.P
Just, already, recently, lately, since, for, several times, many times, yet, never, ever, so far,
S + said / told (O) + that + S + V(past tense) +… S + asked /told + O + (not) To infinitive…
(2)III COMPARISON OF PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE TENSE:
Past simple tense Present perfect tense
- Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ có xác định thời gian
Ex:Last night, I met my old friend.
- Diễn tả hành động xảy kết thúc khứ
Ex:They moved here in 1970.
- Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ không xác định thời gian
Ex: I have already seen that film.
- Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu khứ tiếp tục đến tại, tương lai Ex: We have studied English for years.
IV PRESENT / PAST PARTICIPLE PHRASE:
a Present participle phrase: (V-ing) (Ngữ phân từ)
Ngữ phân từ cụm từ bắt đầu động từ nguyên mẫu thêm “Ing”, đứng sau danh từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ
Ex: The boy reading a book is Ba
b Past participle phrase: (V-ed/3) (Ngữ khứ phân từ)
Ngữ khứ phân từ cụm từ bắt đầu “V3/ed”, đứng sau danh từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ
Ex: The old lamp made in China is $
V THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE WITH “ALWAYS”:
“Always” dùng HTTD để diễn đạt than phiền, phàn nàn hay trách móc Ex: He is always forgetting his homework
VI STRUCTURES:
1 ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE OR A NOUN CLAUSE:
Ex: I’m very glad to meet you
I’m happy that you got good grades
2 REQUEST WITH “WOULD/ DO YOU MIND ?” a.
b
Ex: - Would/ Do you mind opening the door? - Do you mind if I take a photo?
- Would you mind if I took a photo? It + Be + adj + To inf
S + Be + adj + (that) + clause
Do/ Would you mind + V-ing….…?
Do you mind if I + V (present tense)………?
(3)3 COMPOUND WORD:
Ex: Rice – cooking, water fetching, fire- making,… - It is a contest in which participants have to cook rice
It is a rice- cooking contest
4 TO- INFINITIVE FOLLOWED QUESTION WORDS:
Ex: She showed me how to make Spring rolls
5 TO- INFINITIVE, BARE INFINITIVE AND GERUND:
TO- INFINITIVE :
- Sau tính t
- Sau số động từ: ask, tell, want, decide, … - Sau Questions words
GERUND (V-ing ):
- Sau số động từ: enjoy, stop, finish, mind, avoid, start, begin, stop,
BARE INFINITIVE:
- Sau: Modal verbs (will, shall, can, may, must, should, ought to,……….)
6 PHRASES OF PURPOSE:
Ex: They study hard in order to pass the exam
VII SEQUENCE MARKERS:
Từ để kết nối chuỗi hành động, kiện để trật tự trước sau qui trình First (trước tiên, trước hết)
Second (thứ hai) Then (sau đó) Next (kế tiếp) After that (sau đó) Finally (cuối cùng)
Noun + V-ing
S + V + (O) + question words + to- infinitive
(4)ĐỀ CƯƠNG ƠN THI HỌC KÌ II - LỚP 8 Năm học 2010 - 2011
Pupils review carefully all what they have learnt so far Grammar points to be remembered from Unit to Unit 16
Exercises:
I Supply the correct verbs:
1 The girl (just/ made) the new clothes for us
2 It (get) _darker and darker and the wind (blow) _strongly
3 The children (play) _ when it started to rain
4 Nam (do) his homework while his sister (read) a newspaper
5 What you (think about) _when the phone rang?
6 The woman (read) _ (read) that novel many times
7 Bill enjoys (listen) to music
8 He (visit) _ Hanoi next month
9 It’s not easy (learn) _ a foreign language
10.It’s happy (hear) that you (pass) the exam last week
11.We (finish) the work hours ago
12.Do you mind if I (sit) _ here?
13 Would you mind (open) _ the window?
14 Would you mind if I (ask) _ you a question?
15.Can you tell me how (make) this cake? II Change into passive:
1 They separated the rice from the husk
2 Alexander Eiffel designed The Eiffel Tower for the Paris World’s fair of 1889
3 We haven’t visited Ha Long Bay yet
4 They will hold the next meeting in Chicago
5 Nobody has used this room for years
6 You must write the answers on the one side of the paper only
7 Were you cooking dinner at o’clock yesterday?
8 He is writing a novel now
9 The teacher explained the lesson to students
10.Mr Brown teaches grammar
11.We clean the garbage every day
12.We export this computer to different countries III Change into reported speech:
1 The boy said to his neighbor: “I’m going on holiday tomorrow”
2 The doctor said to me: “You can leave the hospital today”
3 The students said: “We will take the exam next week”
4 He said to her: “I will come here to see you again tomorrow”
5 “I must these exercises now” The student said
6 She said: “I’ll come to see you if I have free time”
(5)8 My brother said: “You can use my computer today”
9 He said: “We are learning English now.”
10.Tom said: “My friend is coming next week.”
11.We said: “We shall overcome this difficulty”
12.He said: “My father is a doctor here”
13 “I’m living in this city now” The girl said IV Rewrite sentences Using compound words:
1 It is a contest in which participants have to make a fire _
2 Viet Nam is a country which exports a lot of rice _
3 This is a machine which is used to wash clothes
4 Japan has big companies that make toys _
5 It is a festival in which people have bulls fight against each others
6 Our school has just held a contest in which students arranged flowers as attractively as they could V Combine sentences, Using “Adj + To inf/ Noun clause”
1 She was disappointed She heard about that _
2 He will pass the exam We think
3 He got a good job He is lucky _
4 We received our letter We are surprised _
5 I have nothing better to offer you I’m ashamed
6 They came back late We worried _
7 She met her old friends She is glad _
8 I’m sorry I don’t know about your illness VI Combine sentences Using Present or Past Participles:
1 The boy is Ba He is reading a book _
2 Do you know the girl? She is talking to Tom
3 The taxi broke down It was taking us to the airport _
4 Most of the goods are exported They are made in this factory. _
5 At the end of the street there is a path The path leads to the river
6 This house is very old It was built a long time ago _
7 The boy who is sitting in the library is Peter _
8 The road is very narrow It joins the two villages _
9 The computer is breaking down It’s very old.
10.The boy was bitten by a dog The boy is very smart. _
11.The baby is crying for her mother She is sitting in an armchair
_
12.The boy was taken to the hospital He was injured in an accident
_
13.The road is very narrow It joins the two villages _
14.Do you know the woman? The woman is talking to my brother
15.The door has been repaired It was broken last night
16.The taxi broke down It was taking us to the airport _
17.A bridge has been declared unsafe It was built only two years ago
(6)18.A new factory has just opened in the town The factory employs 500 people
19.“Romeo and Juliet” is the best tragedy I have ever seen It was written by Shakespeare