Word Stress Rules

Word Stress Pattern Rules 1.. Using suffixes to predict stress A Stress the suffix itself: - ee employee refugee trainee referee evacuee - eer engineer career volunteer mountaineer

Word Stress Pattern Rules

1 Using suffixes to predict stress

(A) Stress the suffix itself:

- ee employee refugee trainee referee evacuee

- eer engineer career volunteer mountaineer

- ese Chinese Japanese Portuguese journalese

- ique unique antique technique

-ain entertain / entə'tein/ ascertain/,æsə'tein/

-ette cigarette /,sigə'ret/ laundette /lɔ:n'dret /

-esque picturesque

(B) Stress the syllable immediately before the suffix:

- ial memorial financial artificial essential

- ual visual unusual intellectual individual

- ian Canadian vegetarian pedestrian politician

- sion explosion occasion conclusion permission

- tion definition production situation qualification

- ient ancient sufficient efficient deficient proficient

- cious delicious conscious suspicious judicious

- tious ambitious cautious superstitious conscientious

- ic academic energetic fantastic terrific realistic

- ible edible flexible incredible impossible

- ity ability necessity publicity possibility humidity

- ify classify terrify humidify personify solidify

- logy biology sociology anthropology psychology

-

graphy geography autobiography photography pornography

- meter kilometer parameter speedometer thermometer

b/ Các hậu tố không ảnh hưởng đến vị trí trọng âm ở t ừ gốc

’-age’: anchor/'æηkə/ anchorage /'æηkəridkə/ anchorage /'æηkə/ anchorage /'æηkəridkəridʒ/

‘-al’ : refuse /ri'fju:z / refusal /ri'fju:zl /

‘-like’: bird / / birdlike/ /

‘-ness’ : Yellow / / yellowness / /

‘-fy’, ‘-wise’, ‘-y’

C, Tiền tố: tiền tố thường không ảnh hưởng đến trọng âm của từ

(C) Stress the second syllable before the suffix:

- ate operate exaggerate associate integrate certificate

- ize apologize criticize recognize computerize

- ary secretary necessary contemporary vocabulary

- ous dangerous mysterious spontaneous simultaneous

2 Using Parts of Speech to predict stress

(A) For certain two-syllable words used as both nouns and verbs,

stress nouns on the first syllable, and verbs on the second syllable

Noun Verb Example

1 record record The bank recorded a new record yesterday

2 present present He presented his wife with a beautiful present

3 conduct conduct They're conducting a study into his conduct

4 suspect suspect The suspect was suspected of robbing the bank

5 desert desert The desert is so dry that it is usually deserted

(B) Stress compound nouns on the first part/word:

deadline classroom software typewriter policeman airplane bus station air conditioner sports car credit card stock

market Great wall

(C) Stress two-word verbs more strongly on the second word,

but for their noun equivalents, stress them on the first part

Noun: Here's the printout

She's a dropout

Where's the checkout counter?

There was a holdup at the bank

This clearly is a setup

Verb: He printed it out

She dropped out

Can I check it out?

Hold up your hand

I'll set up a meeting for you