SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL DONG NAI DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION & TRAINING NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL Code No: EXPERIENTIAL INITIATIVE Theme: SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL PRESENTED BY PHAN VAN HOA RESEARCH AREA: ENGLISH-TEACHING METHOD PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -0- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL Academic Year: 2011- 2012 APPENDIX 1.Reason for choosing the theme Page 2.Ways to conduct the theme Page 3.Introducing some types of receptive skill tasks Page 4.Introducing some techniques to deal with the receptive skill tasks Page  Technique Page  Technique Page  Technique Page 12  Technique Page 15  Technique Page 19  Technique Page 22 5.Efficiency gaining Page 27 6.Statistical tables Page 27 7.Experience lesson Page 28 8.Conclusion Page 29 9.Summary Page 30 10.Reference Page 33 PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -1- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL I REASON FOR CHOOSING THE THEME: Learning a foreign language,as we all know,requires language learners to learn enough four skills:Listening,Speaking,Reading and Writing.Listening and reading are called a receptive skill meanwhile speaking and writing are considered a reproductive one For teaching and learning foreign languages in general and English in particular,listening and reading skills are widely used along with other skills like speaking and writing But in reality,these are two significant skills to get information and most regularly used in communicative activities in daily life.It can't be denied that bad listening and reading skills can result in a breakdown in communication.As a result,listening and reading are regarded as a basic communication factor A language learner with no other option must improve these two skills if he wishes to be successful in communication At present,most school children are still shy and passive when learning English while others seem not to be interseted in studying and aren't aware of the importance of English learning.For the most part,they learn English because it is one of their subjects at school.More importantly,school children haven't set realistic goals for their own learning Instead ,they only take a course in English for exams and have no effective ways of learning But how can we teachers help language leamers,especially school children improve their receptive skills?.That's the reason why I have selected this theme: SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS IMPROVE THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -2- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL II WAYS TO CONDUCT THE THEME: 1.Basis Of Reasoning Basing on many basis like goals,contents and methods of teaching and learning a foreign language,the ability to use it and its role.At the same time, some techniques of teaching and learning receptive skill for English are put forward In order to have an effective receptive skill-teaching period,it is required that a teacher be aware of the significance of improving this skill for students as well as provide them with some essential techniques to deal with the tasks related to the skill.Furthermore,through this theme,a teacher can have an overall view and systematize the techniques of teaching the receptive skill in an effective way It is hoped that the techniques having been mentioned in this report will bring about teachers along with students several benefits in teaching and learning English in general and listening and reading skills in particular 2.Contents,solutions to complement the theme Following are some basic techniques that assist students develop their receptive skill effectively.I believe that if teachers know how to apply these techniques fully and flexibly,they certainly will help students promote positiveness,initiative and creativity of students of all levels while teaching listening and reading skill.In addition,the very techniques create an exciting atmosphere of studying for the whole class,shorten the amount of time doing tasks and listening and reading -teaching period really become more effective than ever A.Introducing some types of receptive skill tasks applied by this topic Listening and reading tasks in English textbooks mainly focus on the PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -3- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL following types: True / false Statements 2.Multiple choice 3.Listening/Reading comprehension questions 4.Gap-filling exercises (with or without given words) 5.Matching exercises B.Introducing some techniques to deal with these above-mentioned tasks Technique 1: Reading /Listening To Answer The Questions ,To Decide True Or False Statements ,To Choose The Best Option a.For reading comprehension tasks: -First, Ss should skim the statements or questions given to understand them.As Ss this, they: * Underline the key words or phrases to decide which information they need to find in the text * Look for question words like "why" indicates Ss should read for specific things like a reason - Then, they should go back to the passage and locate the key words/ phrases in the passage with a marker or a pencil -Finally,Ss should read around the key words/ phrases carefully to find the answer Types of reading comprehension questions include:  Read the passage Then answer the questions  Read the text Then answer the questions that follow  Read the article to find answers to the following questions  Read the passage Then decide whether the following statements are True(T) or False(F)  Read the passage Then decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) or not mentioned (NM) in the reading passage Then choose the PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -4- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL best option(answer)  Find the words or phrases in the text which have the following definitions/meanings  Read the passage Then find out who did each of the followings  Read the passage Then complete the sentences, using the information from the passage  Read the text Then match the headings to the paragraphs  Read and find the evidence in the text to support these statements The following example illustrates the above- mentioned technique Unit 4: Volunteer Work A Reading (Page 46) English 11 Read the passage and then the tasks that follow Each nation has many people who voluntarily take care of others For example, many high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or homes for the aged They read books to the people in these places Sometimes the students just visit them, play games with them or listen to their problems Other young volunteers work in the homes of sick or old people They clean up their houses, their shopping or mow their lawns For boys who no longer have fathers, there is a voluntary organization called Big Brothers College students take these boys to baseball games and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers Some high school students take part in helping disadvantaged or handicapped children They give care and comfort to them and help them to overcome their difficulties Young college and university students participate in helping the people who have suffered badly in wars or natural disasters During summer vacations, they volunteer to work in remote or mountainous areas to provide education for children PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -5- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games Some of these clubs organise short trips to the mountains, beaches or other places of interest.Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to understand the problems of younger boys and girls Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others Task Answer the questions l What high school and college students usually as volunteers in hospitals, or phanages, or homes for the aged? 2.How volunteers help disadvantaged and handicapped children to overcome their difficulties? 3.Where students volunteer to work during summer vacations? +Steps of reading to solve the task above: Step 1: Ss should skim the three questions given to understand them.As Ss this,they underline the key words in each question to decide what information they need to find in the text.For instance, the key words in question are: what, high school ,college students,do, hospitals,orphanages, homes for the aged while those in question are: How,volunteers, help ,disadvantaged handicapped children, Step 2:Then,they go back to the passage to locate the information for the questions 1,2 by finding the key words having been underlined in the passage and mark the place.For instance,Ss can find the information for question in lines 1, 2,3 of paragraph whereas that for question in lines 1,2 3,of pargraph Step 3:Finally,they read that part with the key words located or the one nearby carefully to decide on the answer.Ss can use their own words.In this case, the answer to question is "They read books to the people in these places Sometimes the students just visit them, play games with them or listen to their problems " meanwhile the answer to question is" They give care and comfort to them and PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -6- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL help them to overcome their difficulties ".SS continue doing the same with the rest of the questions b.For listening comprehension tasks: -First, Ss should also read through the statements or questions given to understand them.As Ss this, they: * Underline the key words or phrases to decide which informmation they need to listen for - Then.try to work out (guess) what they are going to hear -Finally, while listening they just focus on the key words/phrases or main information having been determined to decide on their answers by taking notes Notice:The key words can be content words like nouns, verbs, adjectives ,adverbs ,question words,dates or numbers.etc, Types of listening comprehension questions include:  Listen to the recording / speaker/ passage Then answer the questions  Listen to the interview/talk(dialogue)/story Then answer the questions  Listen to the recording/passage Then decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false (F)  Listen to the story/talk/interview Then choose the best option  Listen and complete the sentences by circling the letterA,B,C or D  Listen and choose the best option to complete the following sentences The following example demonstrates the above- mentioned technique Unit 2: Personal Experiences C Listening (page 27) English 11 PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -7- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL * Task Listen to Christina's interview about the most unforgettable experience in her life and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or fasle (F) l.Christina is a businesswoman 2.The fire happened three years ago 3.The fire started in the bedroom When the fire started,Christina was reading a book 5.Her mother came and rescued her +Steps of listening to solve the task above: Step 1: Ss read the five statements given carefully.As they this,they should: * Underline the key words or phrases in each statement with a marker or a pencil For example,the key word in the first statement is :businesswoman while the ones in the second statement are: three years ago Step 2: Then,they try to work out/guess what they are going to hear For instance,Ss might guess Christina can be a doctor,a teaacher and so on and the fire could have happened thirteen or thirty years ago,etc Step 3: Finally,while listening to the interview, they concentrate only on the key words/phrases having been determined and take notes of their answers If they hear the same information like a businesswoman and three years ago, then select True.And if they hear different information like a doctor/director for sentence and thirteen or thirty years ago for sentence 2, then select False So the following tapescript indicates that the answer for the statement is True as Ss will hear the same key word" businesswoman "having been determined On the contrary False is for the statement since they will hear the different information from the one they've identified like "thirteen years ago" instead of three years ago Ss Continue doing the same with the rest of the statements Following is theTapescript of the listening lesson: Note:The key words/phrases in the following Tapescript are underlined and in bold PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -8- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL Interviewer: This is Radio 3.In our "Unforgettable Experiences" programme tonight we talk to Christina,a successful businesswoman.Hello,Christina,welcome to our programme Christina: Hello and thank you!.It's nice being with you tonight Interviewer: Christina,could you tell our audience about the most memorable experience in your life? Christina: Well,my most unforgettable experience happened thirteen years ago when my house burned down Interviewer: Really?How did it happen? Christina: The fire started in the kitchen where I forgot to turn off the gas stove Interviewer: What were you doing at that time? Christina: I was sleeping when I was suddenly woken up by terrible heat.I opened my eyes to find myself surrounded by wall of fire Interviewer: That's terrible.How did you escape? Christina: I was terrified when I heard my mother's voice calling my name.I rushed to her.She carried me out.Luckily,I got away without even a minor burn Technique Reading /Listening To Fill In The Gaps With The Words Given Or Missing/ Match The Half -Sentences Or Sentences Together -First, a teacher might want to check that Ss understand all the words given correctly by calling on some Ss to tell the meaning of the words in Vietnamese -Then,the teacher asks Ss to go back to the task and study (read through) all the sentences given.As Ss this,they need to guess which part of speech they need to deal with in each case, etc.In addition,Ss can these types of tasks based on grammatical structures - Now, Ss can use both their knowledge of the words in the box and their guess - work with the given sentences to match them correctly PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com -9- SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL central mountainous provinces Task 2: Read the passage again ,then choose the best option A,B,C or D that mostly adequately sums up the whole passage A.The programme of " Universalisation of Primary Education" in Viet Nam B IIIiteracy rates in Viet Nam C Ethnic minority students's education programme D.The fight against illiteracy +Steps of reading to solve the task above: Step 1: Ss read through the four choices and underline the words/phrases to get the main idea.For example, the key words in choice A are: Universalisation of Primary Education,the ones in choice B are:IIliteracy rates,those in Care: Ethnic minority students's education programmeand the ones in Dare :fight against illiteracy Step 2:They go back to the passage and read the topic sentences of each paragraph.As they this, they should underline the key words/phrases in each topic sentence to understand the main idea and sum up the ideas in their own words For example, the key words in the topic sentence of paragraph are Universalisation of Primary Education,Illiteracy Eradication,the ones in paragraph are: campaign for illiteracy eradication,while those in paragraphs and are: fight against illiteracy Step 2:They should compare the main ideas of all the topic sentences with the four choices given to decide on the answer The answer is the one that has the same words or meaning as the topic sentences As can be seen,the key words between choice D and the ones in paragraphs 2,3 and have the same words as well as the meaning They are illiteracy, eradication,fight Therefore, D.The fight against illiteracy is the best option PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 21 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL Technique Reading For Reference (Đọc tìm liên hệ)  Introduction: To avoid repeating the words or phrases mentioned previously,the writer usually uses referential words to replace These referential words can be such pronouns as:it,its,they,them,their,this,that,these,those,one,someone,and the relative pronouns like who,which,that or the adverbs like there,here,then Questions to read for reference require readers to determine these refential words(các từ liên hệ) showing things,places,or someone in the reading passage Example: In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people They find that the phones are more than a means of communication In this instance,the writer will ask what noun the word they refers to in the sentencecountries,cellphones,young people, or means of communication  Steps of reading for reference ( Các bước đọc tìm liên hệ) Step 1: Ss read questions and look for referential words in the reading passage Normally,these words are marked in advance (in bold or black) Step 2: They read all the information before and after that word to search for the word or phrase that the referential word can refer to Notice:The referential word often shows the words or phrases located in front of it ( one or two sentences away from it ).Therefore,if among the options with the words or phrase located behind the referential word ,these words are rarely the answer Step 3: After having found the right word or phrase,choose the best answer.Then try replacing the referential word with the word or phrase having been chosen to PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 22 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL see whether it is suitable or not Types of questions to read for reference include: What does the word " abc" refer to ? The word " abc" refers to " _ " The word " abc" is closest in meaning to " _ " The word "abc" in line means  The underlined word"abc" in the passage refers to Model Reading: Unit 16: The Wonders Of The World (page 179) English 11 Read the passage and then the tasks that follow GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA The Great Pyramid of Giza was built by the Egyptian pharaoh Khufu around the year 2560 BC The purpose of this huge stone pyramid was to serve as a tomb when he died and to protect the burial chamber from the weather and from thieves who might try to steal the treasures and belongings there The Great Pyramid is believed to have been built over a 20-year period First, the site was prepared and then the huge blocks of stone were transported and put in their places When it was built, the Great Pyramid was 147 metres high on a base of 230 metres square It ranked as the tallest structure on earth for more than 43 centuries, only to be surpassed in height in the nineteenth century AD The structure consisted of approximately million blocks of stone, each weighing about 2.5 tons It has been suggested that there are enough blocks in the three pyramids to build a 3-metre high, 0.3-metre-thick wall around France Although it is not known how the blocks were put in place, several theories have been proposed One theory involves the construction of a straight or spiral ramp that was raised as the construction proceeded A second theory suggests that PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 23 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL the blocks were lifted and placed using thousands of huge weight arms Today, the Great Pyramid of Giza is enclosed, together with the other pyramid in the tourist region of the Giza Plateau on the west bank of the River Nile Also in the area is the museum housing the mysterious Sun Boat, only discovered in 1954 near the south side of the pyramid The boat is believed to have been used to carry the body of Khufu in his last journey on earth before being buried inside the pyramid Task 3(page 180):Scan the text and then choose the best option Example: He ( line ) refers to Khufu l.What does the word "who" in line refer to? A.weather B.thieves C.treasures D.belongings C.the Pyramid D.base 2.The word "it" in line refers to A.earth B.structure The word "it" in line is closest in meaning to A.earth B.structure C base D.the pyramid What does the word "each" line 12 refer to? A structure B wall C block D the Pyramid +Following are the steps of reading to solve the task above: Step 1: Ss read through the four questions given and look for referential words in the reading passage.Remember that normally,these words are marked in advance (in bold or black).For instance,the word who in question is in line of the passage Step 2: They must read all the information before and after the word"who" to search for its referential word Step 3:After having determined the right referential word ,Ss compare it with the four choices.Of course, the correct answer is the one that has the same meaning as the italic one.As can be seen,the words in choice A and B are situated behind the word "who",so they are certainly not the answer in this case.Based on the sentence from thieves who might try to steal the treasures and the belongings there,only PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 24 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL can the word "thieves" replace the word "who" appropriately.Therefore,the best answer is choice B Ss Continue doing the same with the rest Note: Another way of solving this question is to remind Ss of the usage of the relative pronoun "who" As we all know,"who" is used in place of the noun showing people as a subject in relative clauses.More importanly,"who" stands right after the noun it modifies, so the word "thieves" is definitely its referential word Example 2:Taken from the st semester test made by Dong Nai Department of Education and Training Grade 12, Academic year:2011-2012  Read the passage carefully, and choose the best answer The way we speak can tell others a lot about our backgrounds We can guess if someone is from the northern part of our country or the southern What happens if a child has a southern accent ,but uses northern words? We might guess that the child's family moved from the north to the south The child has the accent of his friends but uses some words only used by his parents Our social background also affects the way we speak A famous sociolinguist, William Labov, tried to find a link between accent and social class He went to three different shops in New York The first was used by upper class people, the second by the middle class, and the third by the lower class He found that in general, people in the upper class shop did not pronounce "R" in the same way as customers in the other shops 26 The underlined word "the third" in the passage refers to A.the accent B the social class C the shop D sociolinguist 27 The word "class" in the passage is closest in meaning to A classroom B a group of people C a family D a shop 28 What is the main idea ofthe passage? A.The relationship between the northern and southern accents PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 25 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL B.The relationship among shops in New York C The relationship between the way we speak and our background D.The relationship among classes in New York 29 The author discuses the link between accent and social class in order to A.find a link between accent, childhood, New York, and social class B.support the idea that our background influences the way we think C.show how accent will change our background if we are hot careful D.explain the difference between middle class and upper class shops 30 According to the passage, what affects the way we speak? A Our social background B Our childhood C Our customers D Our pronunciation +Following are the steps of reading to solve the task above: ( Similarly,students follow the steps of example to solve this task) PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 26 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL III.EFFICIENCY GAINING After a long period of applying these techniques to teaching,I've realised that most of my students have made considerable progress in studying English,especially the receptive skill.The ratios of the students getting information from average and weak levels up to fair and good ones have clearly increased.More importantly ,students themselves have felt more self-confident,comfortable and active while listening and reading English materials Thanks to the techniques mentioned previously,they have solved the receptive skill tasks swiftly and effectively Moreover, language class atmosphere becomes more exciting and less stressful than it used to be.Last but not least,a teacher has worked less and become a bandmaster IV.STATISTICAL TABLE: The classes assigned between 2011 and 2012 are 11A5,11A6,12A6 and 12A7 a.The folowing survey had been carried out before applying this theme Good level Fair level A verage level Weak level Class No Ss No Ratio Ss No Ratio Ss No Ratio 11 A5 42 4,8% 11,9% 10 23,8% 25 59,5% 11 A6 39 2,6% 10,3% 17,9% 27 69,2% 12A6 36 5,6% 8,3% 16,7% 25 69,4% 12A7 36 8,3% 11,1% 25% 20 55,6% Ss No Ratio PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 27 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL (This survey table was carried out in late August, 2011) b.The folowing survey was carried out after applying this theme Good level Fair level Average level Weak level Class No Ss No Ratio Ss No Ratio Ss No Ratio Ss No Ratio 11A5 42 9,5% 16,7% 12 28,6% 19 45,2% 11A6 39 7,7% 15,4% 10 25,6% 20 51,3% 12A6 36 8,3% 11,1 % 25% 20 55,6% 12A7 36 13,9% 19,40/0 10 27,8% 14 38,9% (These statistical figures were conducted again in early April, 2012 ) IV EXPERIENCE LESSON With the receptive skill techniques mentioned earlier,a teacher can assist students promote their activeness and initiative.Also,they have had confidence in taking part in their lesson,acquire knowledge quickly and memorize it longer.Particularly, students have made much progress in their studies.For example,they've increased their reading speed,got information more exactly and especially shortened time solving tasks.The most important thing is that they've done the tasks belonging to the receptive skill in an effective way.Besides,students no longer feel scared or worried when having to read longer passages with unknown words or listen to fast -going conversations PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 28 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL V CONCLUSION I assume that everyone has their own thought and each teacher also has their own method of teaching.Nevertheless,no matter what approaches are applied,they all aim at promoting students'positiveness,initiative and creativity in the language class and helping them acquire knowledge and use it in concrete situations with great effectiveness.Thus,it is required that a teacher make great efforts to find out good and effective approaches in order to increse education and training qualities in general and English in particular To make this come true,it is a must that a teacher should frequently self- study,further his education and update new knowledge to improve his profession The theme:"SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY STUDENTS IMPROVE THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL" is part of the above-mentioned issue Long Thanh,May 10th ,2012 Written by Phan Văn Hòa PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 29 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL VII.SUMMARY Technique 1: Reading /Listening To Answer The Questions ,To Decide True Or False Statements ,To Choose The Best Option a.For reading comprehension tasks: -First, Ss should skim the statements or questions given to understand them.As Ss this, they: * Underline the key words or phrases to decide which information they need to find in the text * Look for question words like "why" indicates Ss should read for specific things like a reason - Then, they should go back to the passage and locate the key words/ phrases in the passage with a marker or a pencil -Finally,Ss should read around the key words/ phrases carefully to find the answer b.For listening comprehension tasks: -First, Ss should also read through the statements or questions given to understand them.As Ss this, they: * Underline the key words or phrases to decide which informmation they need to listen for - Then.try to work out (guess) what they are going to hear -Finally, while listening they just focus on the key words/phrases or main information having been determined to decide on their answers by taking notes PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 30 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL Notice:The key words can be content words like nouns, verbs, adjectives ,adverbs ,question words,dates or numbers.etc, Technique Reading /Listening To Fill In The Gaps With The Words Given Or Missing/ Match The Half -Sentences Or Sentences Together -First, a teacher might want to check that Ss understand all the words given correctly by calling on some Ss to tell the meaning of the words in Vietnamese -Then,the teacher asks Ss to go back to the task and study (read through) all the sentences given.As Ss this,they need to guess which part of speech they need to deal with in each case, etc.In addition,Ss can these types of tasks based on grammatical structures - Now, Ss can use both their knowledge of the words in the box and their guess - work with the given sentences to match them correctly Technique 3.Listening/ Reading To Discover The Writer's Mood,Attitude And Opinion -Texts/stories often contain more than simple facts and information.They can also express a mood,or convey the writer's attitude and opinion,but These are not always stated directly Therefore,we need to use context and language clues to guess what they are about Technique Listening /Reading/To Find The Main Idea/Topic For A Paragraph First,SS should read /listen for the topic sentence and underline/note down the key words /phrases in it.Every paragraph has a topic sentence,which contains the main idea.The topic sentence is often the first sentence of a paragraph The key words PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 31 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL are usually the nouns,verbs,adjectives or adverbs etc.Then they have to compare the choices given with the key words/phrases underlined or heard to decide on the answer The best option is the one that has the same words or the same meaning with the key words in the topic sentence Note:The concluding sentence can also cover the main idea of the whole paragraph Technique Listening /Reading To Find The Best Title/The Main Idea For A Passage /Story First,SS should read through the choices given to understand them.As they this,they should underline the key words or phrases of the choices with a marker or a pencil Then ,they come back to the passage and locate all the topic sentences of each paragraph.In addition,they should underline the key words or phrases in each topic sentence to get the main idea of the whole passage.Finally, they compare the key words between the choices given and those of the topic sentences of the passage to decide on the answer ( In other words,they compare the main ideas).If the choice is similar or the same meaning as the one of the topic sentences ,then select it.Ss should make sure the man idea chosen sums up the entire text and not just one idea within it Technique Reading For Reference (Đọc tìm liên hệ) Step 1: Ss read questions and look for referential words in the reading passage Normally,these words are marked in advance (in bold or black) Step 2: They read all the information before and after that word to search for the word or phrase that the referential word can refer to Notice:The referential word often shows the words or phrases located in front of it ( one or two sentences away from it ).Therefore,if among the options with the words or phrase located behind the referential word ,these words are rarely the PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 32 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL answer Step 3: After having found the right word or phrase,choose the best answer.Then try replacing the referential word with the word or phrase having been chosen to see whether it is suitable or not VIII REFERENCES l Teaching English ( A training course for teachers) - Adrian doff Teacher's Directory Reading Skills aids and materials Underwood, M., Teaching Listening, Longman, 1989 Steil, L et al, Effective Listening, Me Graw Hill, Inc 1983 Baker,J & Heather, W ( 2000) The Enghish Language Teacher's Handbook.VSO Gower, R & Walter, S ( 1983) Teaching Practice Handbook.Heinemann Tanner, R & Green, C ( 1988) Tasks for Teacher Education.Longman I.S.P.Nation," Language Teaching Techniques", 1996.ELI Victoria University of Wellington,NZ E LTTp," English Language Teaching Methodology", 2003.MOET Of W N 10 Harmer, " How To Teach English", 1998,Longman PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 33 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL SỞ GD&ĐT ĐỒNG NAI CỘNG HOÀ XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Trường :THPT Độc lập - Tự - Hạnh phúc Nguyễn Đình Chiểu Long Thành, ngày 15 tháng năm 2012 PHIẾU NHẬN XÉT, ĐÁNH GIÁ SÁNG KIẾN KINH NGHIỆM Năm học: 2011 - 2012… ––––––––––––––––– Tên sáng kiến kinh nghiệm: Một Số Thủ Thuật Giúp Học Sinh Cải Thiện Kỹ Năng Tiếp Nhận Thông Tin Một Cách Có Hiệu Quả Họ tên tác giả: Phan Văn Hòa Chức vụ: Tổ Trưởng Chuyên Môn Lĩnh vực: (Đánh dấu X vào ô tương ứng, ghi rõ tên môn lĩnh vực khác) - Quản lý giáo dục  - Phương pháp dạy học môn: .x. - Phương pháp giáo dục  - Lĩnh vực khác:  ĐÁNH GIÁ: Các mặt Yêu cầu Điểm Không có tính chép từ giải pháp có: 0đ Tính Mới Có cải tiến so với giải pháp có với mức độ trung bình: 0.25đ - 3.75đ (6 điểm) Có cải tiến so với giải pháp có với mức độ khá: 4đ - 4.75đ Có cải tiến so với giải pháp có với mức độ tốt hoàn toàn mới: 5đ- 6đ Đề tài có tính cải tiến đổi từ giải pháp có triển khai áp dụng đơn vị có hiệu quả: 1đ- 4.75đ Hiệu (8 điểm) Đề tài có tính hoàn toàn triển khai áp dụng đơn vị có hiệu cao : 5đ- 6.75đ Đề tài có tính cải tiến đổi từ giải pháp có triển khai áp dụng toàn ngành có hiệu cao : 5đ- 6.75đ Đề tài có tính hoàn toàn triển khai áp dụng toàn ngành có hiệu cao : 7đ- 8đ Khả áp dụng Cung cấp luận khoa học cho việc hoạch định đường lối, sách giáo dục đào tạo:< 2đ PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 34 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL (6 điểm) Đưa giải pháp khuyến nghị có khả ứng dụng thực tiễn, dễ thực dễ vào hoạt động giáo dục đào tạo:< 2đ Đã áp dụng thực tế đạt hiệu có khả áp dụng đạt hiệu phạm vi rộng :< 2đ Tổng điểm: 17… Xếp loại:Xuất sắc Long Thành, ngày 15 tháng năm 2012 Giám khảo Tập Thể Tổ Tiếng Anh Hướng dẫn xếp loại: Loại Xuất sắc: Tổng số điểm đạt từ 17,0 điểm trở lên Trong đó, Tính mới, Hiệu Khả áp dụng phải đạt từ 5,0 điểm trở lên Loại Khá: Tổng số điểm đạt từ 13,0 đến 17,0 điểm Trong đó, Tính mới, Hiệu Khả áp dụng phải đạt từ 4,0 điểm trở lên Loại Đạt: Tổng số điểm đạt từ 10,0 đến 13,0 điểm Trong đó, Tính mới, Hiệu Khả áp dụng phải đạt từ 3,0 điểm trở lên Không đạt: Tổng số điểm đạt 10,0 điểm Tính mới, Hiệu Khả áp dụng đạt 3,0 điểm PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 35 - [...]... belonging to the receptive skill in an effective way.Besides ,students no longer feel scared or worried when having to read longer passages with unknown words or listen to fast -going conversations PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 28 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL V CONCLUSION I assume that everyone has their own thought... the steps of reading to solve the task above: ( Similarly ,students follow the steps of example 1 to solve this task) PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 26 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL III.EFFICIENCY GAINING After a long period of applying these techniques to teaching,I've realised that most of my students have made... having been chosen to PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 22 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL see whether it is suitable or not Types of questions to read for reference include: What does the word " abc" refer to ? The word " abc" refers to " _ " The word " abc" is closest in meaning to " _... Task 2:Listen to the second part of the dialogue and fill in the gaps in the summary of Christina's story below Although I lost many things in the fire,the experience helped me to grow PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 11 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL up.Before the fire,I was selfish.I always complained to my mother... Listening /Reading /To Find The Main Idea/Topic For A Paragraph First,SS should read /listen for the topic sentence and underline/note down the key PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 15 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL words /phrases in it.Every paragraph has a topic sentence,which contains the main idea.The topic sentence... hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 29 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL VII.SUMMARY Technique 1: Reading /Listening To Answer The Questions ,To Decide True Or False Statements ,To Choose The Best Option a.For reading comprehension tasks: -First, Ss should skim the statements or questions given to understand them.As Ss do this, they: * Underline the key words or phrases to decide which... didn’t know what to say PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 10 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL (adjective) 4.Teenagers nowadays often have their own in different ways who they really love and imitate (noun) 5.I don't like the look of that man.There is something about him (adjective) +Steps of reading to solve the task... hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 21 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL Technique 6 Reading For Reference (Đọc tìm sự liên hệ)  Introduction: To avoid repeating the words or phrases mentioned previously,the writer usually uses referential words to replace These referential words can be such pronouns as:it,its,they,them ,their, this,that,these,those,one,someone,and the relative... first week, only five children attended the class Gradually more children arrived Their parents realised that the young teacher was making great efforts to help their poor kids PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 13 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL Watching Thuy taking a class, one can see how time-consuming the work is During... Education.Longman 8 I.S.P.Nation," Language Teaching Techniques" , 1996.ELI Victoria University of Wellington,NZ 9 E LTTp," English Language Teaching Methodology", 2003.MOET Of W N 10 Harmer, " How To Teach English", 1998,Longman PHAN VAN HOA FROM NGUYEN DINH CHIEU HIGH SCHOOL hoaphanbrave@yahoo.com - 33 - SOME TECHNIQUES TO EFFECTIVELY HELP STUDENTS DEVELOP THEIR RECEPTIVE SKILL SỞ GD&ĐT ĐỒNG NAI CỘNG HOÀ XÃ HỘI