JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE InterdisciplinarySci , 2013, Vol 58, No 10, pp 11 19 KET HOP DAY HOC VA NGHIEN CLTU KHOA HOC CHO HOC SINH L 6 P 12 THONG QUA MON HOA HOC 6 TRUNG HOC PHO THONG Pham Thi Thuy[.]
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE InterdisciplinarySci., 2013, Vol 58, No 10, pp 11-19 KET HOP DAY HOC VA NGHIEN CLTU KHOA HOC CHO HOC SINH L P 12 THONG QUA MON HOA HOC TRUNG HOC PHO THONG Pham Thi T h u y \ Dang Thi Oanh^ ^Tnfdng TIIPT Thdnh Dong, Hdi Duong; '^Trudng Dai hpc Su pham Hd Ndi Tom tat Ban chit ciia sU doi mdi phifdng phap day hpc la bang each liim cho HS tflng budc tiep can vdi NCKH de bien qua trinh dao tao qua trinh tu dao tao Bai bao de cap den vai tro hifdng din, to chUc, dmh hUdng cua GV cung nhU sif ph6i hdp giUa nha trUdng phd thong gan v6i cac trUdng dai hoc, cac vien nghien ciiu de giiip cac em bUdc dau biel trien khai mot dS tai NCKH Tren cO sd quy trinh trien khai NCKH cua HS trung hoc bai bao trinh bay viec kSt hop day hoc theo du an (DHTDA) va NCKH thong qua mot de tai cu the nh^m gnip trang bi cho HS budc dau biel van dung kien thUc vao IhUc lien thong qua viec thuc hien dU an nghien ciiu Tifkhda: Tu dao tao, nghien cUu khoa hoc, mon Hoa hoc trUdng thdng Mfi dau Vdi nhiJng Uu diem vUdt trdi, DHTDA da va dang thu hiit difoc su quan tarn ciia nhieu nha nghien cdu, dUde nhieu GV sd dung hieu qua gdp phan ddi mdi PPDH theo hudng tich cue hda hoat dong eiia HS va dUdc trien khai khudn khd Du an giao due Viet-Bi [1] Cd sd li luan ve cong tac NCKH, each (hue hien va trinh bay mot de tai NCKH hlu het la danh cho doi tUdng la sinh vien Con vdi HS trung hoc, cong lac NCKH ciia HS chi thUc su dUdc chu trdng tif Viet Nam tham gia Hdi thi KHKT danh cho HS trung hpc The gidi, cang khang dinh kha nang sang tao eiia HS Viet Nam vdi nhieu du an rSt sang tao va ddc dao Noi dung nghien cu'u Vice tiln hanh DHTDA khdng chi dam bao chat lifdng hpc tap ciia HS ma eon tao khong hpc tap sdi noi, cu6n hut HS vao cac hoat dong hpc tap, dong thdi trang bi eho cac em nhieu ki nang nhu thuyet trinh, lam viec nhdm, phong van, thu thap tai lieu., la Ngay nhan bai I4/2/20J3, Ngiiy nhan dang 15/8/201.^ Lien he Pham Thi Thiiy, e-mail: lhuyboi83@gniail com Pham Thi Thiiy, Dang Thi Oanh nen tang quan cho HS lam quen dan vdi phUdng phap NCKH Trong khuon kho bai bao, ehiing toi tap trung nghien ciiu phuOng phap hUdng dSn HS NCKH sau da tien hanh DHTDA 2.1 Quy trinh nghien ciiu khoa hoc cua hoc sinh trung hoc Trong cupc thi Khoa hoc ki thuat cho HS trung hoc, hai loai dU an dUdc nghien cdu nhieu dd la dU an khoa hoc va du an ki thuat Hinh la Sp quy trinh thifc hien dif an khoa hpc Xac d i n l i v a n d Ll^a c h o n y i s i [ihAp I N g h i e n ciVii toncj q u a n Hoan t h i e n giai phap Xac dinh y e n c^u Xay duTig man f>e v.*iaX c a c giai phap D a n h gia va h o a n thien t h i e t ke i Hinh lb Sp quy trinh thifc hien di( an ki thuat 1.1 Cong tac hudng dan nghien ciiu khoa hoc cho hoc sinh THPT Tao dieu kien de HS dUdc tham gia NCKH gdp phSn nang cao chat lUdng dao tao, thiic day ddi mdi PPDH, kiem tra danh gia, phat trien nang lue HS; giiip HS tiep can va van diing cac phUdng phap NCKH, van dung kien thiic da hpc vao giai quySt nhiing vSn Ket hop day hoc vd nghien cifu khoa hoc cho hpc sinh Ldp 12 thong qua mon llda hoc de thUc lien cuoc s6ng San pham hudng tdi la HS cd tu sang tao lam vice khoa hoc, nang luc giai quyet van de Trong boat dong yeu cau phai phii hpp vdi kha nang va nguyen vpng cua HS, khong ep budc ma ckn khdi day niSm dam me khoa hoc, sdc sang tao ciia HS; phii hdp vdi doi hdi thuc li6n ciia xa hoi va khdng anh hudng den viec hdc tap chinh khoa ciia HS De tai ciia HS phai la de tai mdi, y tudng mdi, each tiep can mdi Khi HS tham gia thuc hien de tai, cin cd ngUdi giam sat, hudng dSn, ngudi bao trd HS phai trung thiic, chap hanh cac quy dinh vl hoat dong khoa hoe va cong nghe GV ihudng xuyen dong vien, khich le, giup dd, dinh hUdng cho HS nhung chi difng lai d mdc dd gdi y, GV khdng the iam thay HS Vdi nhiing de tai mang tinh chuyen mon sau thi can cd sii phoi hdp ciia cac chuyen gia, nha khoa hpc 2.3 Q u y trinh trien khai h u n g dan hoc sinh nghien cu"u khoa hoc - Btfdc I Td chifc tap hudn, tiiyen truyen Nhan thdc dung dSn ve muc dich, yeu cau ciia vice td chde trien khai hoal dong NCKH ciia HS d trUdng trung hoc la yeu Id then chdt dam bao su edng Cdn to chde tuyen truyen, id ehiJe tot boat dong tap huan ve muc dich, yCu eau, y nghia ciia hoat dong NCKH ciia HS, trang bi cho HS kien thdc ve phUdng phap luan NCKH - Budc Y tifdng nghien cdu Y tudng ngbidn cdu la ylu 16 dSu tien can cd de thifc hien mot du an NCKH Y tudng nghien ciiu cang doc dao, cang sang tao thi dU an cang duOc danh gia cao Cd the" td chiic eho HS trUdng tham gia eudc thi "Y lUdng khoa hpc"; md chuyen muc, dien dan, GV trao dd'i vdi HS ve nhifng vlin de thdi sif, khoa hoc; to chde cho HS tham quan, quan sal ihife te; gan ket vdi cupc thi van dung kien thiic lien mon de giai quvct cac tinh hudng thUc lien de cd them cac y tUdng cho dU an nghien cdu Sau can td chde lua chpn y tudng de tien hanh trien khai Kin xem xcl cac y tudng ciia HS can c6 cac GV co chuyen mon tot va cd kinh nghiem NCKH - Bifdi NgUdi hudng ddn nghien cdu ngUdi bdu trp, ngUdi gidm sdt Trong nha trUdng phd thong, de Ihuan Idi phan Idn cac du an cd GV ciia nha IrUdng la ngifdi budng dan HS NCKH vi GV cd the thudng xuyen gap gd HS de trao ddi cac van de nghien cdu; ed the mdi cac nha khoa hpc, chuyen gia tham gia c6 van Budc Lap ke hoach trien khai du dn NCKH Ke hoach thUc hien gdin cac phan viec chinh nham quan Ii tdt quy thdi gian ciing nhu kiem soat dUde tien dp thue hien mdi each khoa hpc Khi lap ke hoach can linh toan khoi lUdng cong vice, phan bo thdi gian eho mdi phan \'iec, tinh toan chi phi, dU kien trang thiet bi thi nghiem, cd sd vat chal Ke hoach'can ehi tiet va cd phan edng rd rang Bifdi Trien khai thifc hien ducin nghien n'fu GV phai dam bao an toan cho HS qua trinh nghien cu'u; phai lien lac thUdng xuyen vdi HS Yeu eau HS the hien tu duy, nghiem tuc, can cii, ti mi, so lieu nghien cdu phai trung thiic, kdt luan phai dUde rut mot each thuyet phuc Quan nhat GV Pham Thi Thiiy, Dang Thi Oanh khuyen khich HS kham pha, tii tin va tich cue nghien cdu khong nan chi gap khd khan, be t^c Cin nim viing quy trinh thiic hien dii an (du an ki thuat hay dU an khoa hpc) Trong qua Irinh thu thap thdng tin, s6 lieu \ c dS tai, hay qua trinh thi nghiem, ghi chep chi lict tat ca nhiing thi nghiem, so heu dac va hien tUdng quan sat vao mot cudn sd ghi - Budc Trinh bay bdo cao khoa hpc Bao cao khoa hoc cln dam bao tinh trung thUc NCKH, can sii hUdng dan ciia GV ve npi dung, bd cue, ngon ngU trinh bay Bao cao nghien cdu phai dUpc chuan bi cung vdi so luu dii lieu cong trinh, ban torn tat ve de tai va bit cd nhUng tai lieu hay gidy td cSn thiet khac Vdi de tai cd san pham la mo hinh thi nhdm nghien cdu cung can phai chuan bi that chu dao, thit nghiem nhieu Ian, ' Bifdc Cong ho ket qua nghien cifu Thuyet minh la phan quan trong, the hien hieu biet va nang luc NCKH eiia HS HS can tu tin, binh tinh, lUu loat, ngan gpn, khiic chiet, thuyet phue ngUdi nghe Can sU phdi hpp, phan cong r5 rang cac cong viec ciia cac vien nhdm - Budc H Danh gid du dn NCKH Theo thang danh gia ciia Cupc thi KHKT danh cho HS trung hpc nam hoc 20132014 dUa tren cac tieu chi sau: Cau hdi/ van de nghien cdu 10 diem Kc hoach nghien cdu va phUdng phap nghien cdu: 15 die'm Tien hanh nghien ciiu 20 diem Tinh sang tao: 20 diem Trinh bay (gian trUng bay va tra Idi phdng van): 35 die'm 2.4 X a y d U n g d e t a i n g h i e n ciTu k h o a h o c va e a c h h U d n g d a n h o c s i n h thUc hien Dudi day la qua trinh IhUc hien va ket qua dU an: "Xu h' nude thai cO sd san xuat banh dau xanh quy mo ho gia dinh bang da voi, xi than, than irlu hoat linh va beo tay" - Du an ki thuat Linh vUc nghien ciiu: Khoa hpc moi trUdng Nhdm thuc hien: 2HS ldp 12 Giao vien hUdng dan: Pham Thi Thuy- GV Hda hoc Chuyen gia hUdng dan: Th.S Nguyen The Manh - Phd phong Tu vSn va chuyen giao edng nghe - Trung tam TU van va Quan trac Moi trUdng - Budt I Td ebi'fe lap hudn, tuyen truyen: GV da tien hanh td chiic ngoai khoa de tap huan ve hoat dong NCKH cho HS nham cung cip cho HS hieu muc dich, y nghia cua hoat dong nay, pbUdng phap NCKH, Thanh phln tham gia la Ban giam hieu, cac thay ed trdng id chuyen mdn va nhieu HS yeu thich khoa hpc 14 Ket hop day hoc vd nghien ciiu khoa hpc cho hpc sinh Ijip 12 thdng qua mdn Hda hoc - Budc Tun kiem y tudng nghien cdu thdng qua ban ban dc cUdng nghien cUu GV td chiic cho nhdm nghien cdu dUde trinh bay y tUdng Tir dd GV lua chdn de lai nghien ciiu phu hdp - Bifdc Ngifdi hudng ddn nghien cifu NgUdi hudng din HS thiic hien de tai la GV Hda hpc vi GV cd the thUdng xuyen gap gd HS de trao ddi cac vSn dd nghien cdu, theo doi tien dp nghien cUu, giam sat ho trd hoat dong NCKH ciia HS Vi du an cd chuyen mdn sau va lien quan den Iinh \ uc mdi trUdng nen GV da mdi chuyen gia mdi trUdng tham gia cd van khoa hoc la dng Nguyen The Manh-phd phong cong nghe - Thae si Khoa hpc mdi trUdng - Trung tam quan trac va phan tich mdi trudng - Sd Tai nguyen va Mdi trUdng tinh Hai DUdng, - Budc Ixip ke hoach trien khai dU dn NCKH Thdi gian Nguiiii thitc hien Ten cong viec 21-22/9 Ngoc Anh, Dinh Thu thap tai lieu 23/9 sang Co, nhdm Bao cao 24/9 chieu I6h40-]8h Co va ca nhdm Phdng van 24/9 sang Co va ca nhdm Hop nhdm 27/9 chieu 16h40 Co va ca nhdm Phdng van Nhiem vu cii thif Phutjng tien Till heu ve: -Tong quan xU li nUdc thai -Nguyen lieu, quy trinh lam BDX -Cac chi so dac trUng cho nUdc ihai cong nghiep Ngoc Anh va Dinh bao cao vc ket qua tim kiem thdng tin hen quan den de lai Phong van chii ctJ sd san xuat BDX Bao Hung GV hen he trUdc Phdng van ve Nguyen lieu, quy Irinh lam BDX, lutJng nUdc sil dung, thdi gian lam viec ciia cong nhan, ngu6n nUdc thai, dac trUng nude thai Lay mau nUdc thai, quan sat mau nUdc thai Tong ket cac cong viec da lam, ket qua dai dUOc DL- xuat thiet ke thiet bi xis li nUdc thai BDX DU kien cau hdi phdng vkn ong Nguyen Trong Viet Phong van chii Nguyen The Manhtrung tam quan trac va phan tich moi trUdng -Nguon nhiem nUdc thai -Cac chi s6 dac trung ciia nude thai cong nghiep -Cac phUdng phap xii li nifdc thai cong nghiep -Tham van ve mo hinh thiet bi xU li nUdc cho nhdm Tim bao, mang, Ghi ro vao sd nhat ki Sd nhat ki Mang may anh, so nhat ki, chai nhUa dung nude (Hit) Sd nhat ki Mang may anh, s6 nhat ki litng ban chuan hi noi dung cau hoi - Budc Trien khai thifc hien du dn nghien cdu TrUdc het can xac dinh rd day !a mot du an ki thuat, nen can nam viing va thUe hien Pham Thi Thdy, Dang Thi Oanh diing theo quy trinh nghien ciiu c Xac d i n h v a n de Lu'a c h o n a i a i p h a p N a h i e n c u u tonci q u a n Hoan t h i e n giai p h a p Xac d i n h y e u ca ,^ Xay d u ' n q m a u Oe :