INTRODUCTION
Rationale
In today's globalized world, English has become the dominant language, essential across various aspects of life Proficiency in English is a key factor when applying for quality jobs, as employers increasingly prioritize candidates who meet high language standards Consequently, the demand for English language education continues to rise, highlighting the importance of achieving advanced proficiency to meet professional requirements.
In recent years, the economic, political, military, and commercial relationships between countries have significantly evolved, highlighting the importance of language learning and teaching English has emerged as the dominant language in the digital age, essential for staying updated with technological advancements Consequently, there is a growing interest among individuals to learn English, and parents are increasingly encouraging their children to engage with the language from an early age.
Mastering English can be challenging and requires significant time investment Students need to develop all four essential language skills—speaking, listening, writing, and reading—equally A strong vocabulary is crucial, as it serves as the foundation for acquiring these skills effectively.
Vocabulary is a crucial element of language, with phrasal verbs being a significant part of it However, these phrasal verbs often lead to confusion and challenges for English learners.
Phrasal verbs are a vital yet challenging aspect of learning English as a second language, often causing frustration among learners Native speakers frequently use these verbs, making them essential for effective communication However, many second language learners struggle to master them due to their figurative meanings and the complexity of their components, which can alter meanings significantly This ongoing challenge is particularly evident among 12th-grade students at Nguyen Xuan On High School and other Vietnamese learners, who often lack the necessary professional guidance and effective learning strategies As a result, students may feel confused when attempting to translate and use phrasal verbs correctly, highlighting the need for comprehensive learning approaches.
In response to the identified issues, I propose conducting an investigation aimed at exploring effective strategies to improve the current situation This study, titled "Suggested Ways and Approaches to Stimulate Improvement," seeks to provide actionable recommendations for positive change.
"Learning phrasal verbs can be challenging for 12th graders at Nguyen Xuan On High School, but our guide offers valuable support for those who find this topic difficult or tedious This resource aims to engage students and enhance their understanding of phrasal verbs, making the learning process more enjoyable and effective."
Aim of the study
The goal of the Phrasal Verbs experimental study is to determine a basic understanding of Phrasal Verbs and other related topics My graduation paper's specific goals are as follows:
- Getting a base on Phrasal Verbs and presenting it
- Studied on learning Phrasal verbs of 12th graders at Nguyen Xuan On High School and found out they encountered difficulties in learning Phrasal verbs
- Another purpose of this research is to recommend some more effective and acceptable ways for first-year English majors to reduce boredom and increase enthusiasm for Phrasal Verbs
For second language learners, mastering grammar poses significant challenges, particularly with complex topics like phrasal verbs My research paper aims to serve as a valuable and practical resource on phrasal verbs, specifically designed to support 12th graders at Nguyen Xuan.
On High School in minimizing tediousness and problems and achieving higher achievements in their studies.
Scope of the study
Phrasal verbs are often considered one of the toughest aspects of English for learners, demanding considerable time and effort to understand The abundance of information available can be overwhelming, which is why this study concentrates on effective learning conditions and strategies to alleviate common challenges associated with mastering phrasal verbs The primary focus of the research is on 12th-grade students at Nguyen Xuan On High School.
Methods
In order to fully grasp all of the study's objectives, I used the following procedures in my research:
- Researching and gathering information from reference books, the internet, and the experiences of other researchers
- Interviewing and administering survey questionnaires for 12th graders at Nguyen Xuan On High School, with the goal of discovering their learning attitudes and challenges.
Design of the study
A well-structured table of contents with page numbers enhances reader comprehension of the research report and facilitates quick access to necessary information This document is organized into three distinct sections.
- Part I: The Introduction includes: Rationale, Aim, Scope, Design, And Methodology
- Part II: The Development are three chapters:
Chapter 1: is the presentation of Background Theory Which Provides Readers The Basic Knowledge Of “ Phrasal Verbs”
Set of the survey questionnaire - gives the situation analysis, subjects, and data collection instrument
Data Analysis- show the detailed results of the survey and make a comprehensive analysis of the collected data
Chapter 3: gives suggested methods and techniques for 12th graders at Nguyen Xuan
On High School to learn phrasal verbs effectively
- Part III: The Conclusion presents an overview of the study, suggestions for further research, and limitations of the study
DEVELOPMENT
Presentation
Mastering new vocabulary is a significant challenge in today's English learning landscape, particularly when it comes to phrasal verbs, which are often considered one of the most complex elements to grasp.
Phrasal verbs consist of two or three words, typically combining verbs with adverbs or prepositions While some, like "sit down," have straightforward meanings, others can be more complex, such as "make out," which means to understand, or "draw up," referring to creating a plan This complexity arises from their idiomatic meanings, which differ significantly from the individual words that form the phrasal verb.
"the meaning of the complex unit does not result from the simple arrangement of its elements."
English learners tend to favor one-word expressions over phrasal verbs significantly more than native speakers This preference is understandable, as mastering phrasal verbs is often more challenging than learning individual words due to their idiomatic meanings.
Because of the conceptual problems of figurative phrasal verbs, learners picked fewer figurative phrasal verbs on a multiple-choice test than literal phrasal verbs
Idiomatic phrasal verbs can be more challenging to master compared to transparent phrasal verbs Therefore, it is essential to invest additional time in studying phrasal verbs and evaluating effective learning strategies for them.
Why Should You Learn Phrasal Verbs?
Use Phrasal Verbs to be a Fluent
It's a never-ending battle to get kids to memorize the terms with phrasal verbs The truth is that phrasal verbs are extremely difficult to master According to Schneider (2004;
Phrasal verbs hold a unique historical and sociolinguistic importance in English, making them essential for language learners Many academics emphasize that mastering multiword expressions is crucial for achieving fluency in language learning (Wood, 2004; Folse, 2002).
The increasing prevalence of English has led to the dominance of phrasal verbs, which are essential for learners to master in order to effectively understand, speak, read, and write in English With around 5,000 phrasal verbs in use, they are commonly found in both spoken and written forms, such as songs, articles, and conversations Mastering these verbs not only enhances speaking skills but also helps learners sound more natural and approachable in informal settings While knowing formal synonyms can be beneficial, using phrasal verbs is key to sounding authentic in everyday interactions Observing natural conversations reveals that phrasal verbs are frequently employed, highlighting their importance in achieving fluency.
In this article, we will explore the impact of using formal English versus phrasal verbs in conversations To illustrate this, we will present two versions of the same dialogue, showcasing how the choice of language can significantly alter the tone and outcome of the interaction The first example will demonstrate a casual and friendly exchange, rich in phrasal verbs, highlighting their role in creating a more relatable and engaging conversation.
- Hi, how are you John, what were you up to during the weekend?
- Hello Matt, I’m great, thanks for asking! I made up with Emma and she moved back in on Saturday night!
- Really? That’s cool man! Great to hear things are looking up for you again!
In this revised dialogue, I will reiterate the conversation while substituting the phrasal verbs with more formal vocabulary commonly taught in educational settings as part of the Standard English curriculum.
- Hi, how are you John, what were you doing during the weekend?
- Hello Matt, I’m great, thanks for asking! I resolved the argument with Emma and she relocated into my apartment again on Saturday night!
- Really? That’s cool man! Great to hear things have started to improve for you again!
The difference is clear: although the second version of the dialogue uses standard English, it comes across as more formal and takes longer to communicate the same message, making it feel less friendly than the first version.
The rise of quality phrasal verb resources has significantly simplified the learning process Many phrasal verbs are easier to grasp than their formal counterparts, as a single verb combined with various particles forms new expressions with unique meanings Consequently, learners focus on memorizing combinations of words rather than individual terms, making the process more manageable and effective.
Take three words for example:
- to postpone - to put off
- to extinguish - to put out
- to reconcile oneself with - to put up with
Definition of Phrasal Verbs
Phrasal verbs are combinations of two or three words, typically a verb and a particle (such as an adverb or preposition), that create a single semantic unit Examples include "turn down," "run into," and "sit up." With tens of thousands in everyday use, their meanings cannot be deduced from the individual components, making them non-compositional and unpredictable Phrasal verbs that involve a preposition are referred to as prepositional verbs, while those with a particle are known as particle verbs Other terms for phrasal verbs include compound verb, verb-adverb combination, verb-particle construction, and multi-word verb, reflecting the number of particles involved.
Phrasal verbs are distinct from other types of multi-word verbs and free combinations due to specific criteria, including idiomaticity, the ability to be replaced by a single-word verb, the formation of wh- questions, and the movement of particles.
The term "Phrasal Verbs" often sparks debate regarding its definition and utility, as writers frequently disagree on what constitutes a phrasal verb and may use varying terminology for different types Despite these differences in nomenclature, the concept of multi-word verbs remains valuable in understanding language dynamics.
Types of phrasal verbs
We will evaluate the following phrases to categorize and distinguish between categories of phrasal verbs in order to better grasp the lexical characteristics and semantic qualities of phrasal verbs
1 He went into the old house
2 He went into the traffic problems
In Ex1, the verb "go" signifies the action of traveling from one place to another, while the preposition "into" indicates movement toward or being positioned inside something Both terms can be utilized in countless other phrases, retaining their distinct meanings.
+ If you go faster, you can just see me
+ My mother put the bread into bags
In Ex2, the phrases "go" and "enter" combine to convey a meaning related to addressing problems or questions, which is not immediately obvious from their individual definitions Additionally, a key difference between Ex2 and Ex1 is that in Ex2, it is possible to rearrange the word "inside."
In the following sections, we will explore the use of multi-word verbs, which are categorized for convenience While each category has been assigned a name, the focus will be on the application of each type rather than the names themselves.
Phrasal verbs have traditionally been classified into three categories The researcher created the following chart to aid learners in specifying the division of Phrasal verbs:
Prepositional Particle Verbs Phrasal – verbs prepositional
- The director went into the traffic problems thoroughly
- The woman help me look after my son
The phrase "go into" signifies a metaphorical engagement with a situation, while "look after" denotes the act of monitoring or caring for someone, in this case, the son Therefore, we can conclude that prepositional verbs encompass meanings that extend beyond their literal interpretations.
Prepositional verbs consist of a verb combined with a preposition, functioning similarly to verbs followed by prepositions These combinations can be categorized as multi-word verbs Some writers refer to them as non-separable phrasal verbs or transitive phrasal verbs When the particle used is a preposition instead of an adverb, the term "prepositional verb" is applied.
Commonly used in prepositions: in, after, about, for
- Prepositional verbs, like phrasal verbs, vary in their idiomaticity go into (a problem ) "examine," come by (the book), "obtain" are only a few examples of very idiomatic pairings
- Prepositions are a form of a transitive verb (meaning they always take an object), and they never stand alone without them a Verb + preposition + noun phrase
Ex They must account for all the information in our report b Verb + preposition + single pronoun object
Ex We must account for it in our report
14 c Verb + preposition + pronoun object coordinated with a noun or another noun
Ex We must account for it and other matter in our report
- They are inseparable phrasal verbs that mean the preposition in a prepositional phrase must precede its complement
Ex They must account all the information for in our report
- If the object (substantive) is substituted by a pronoun, it must be placed after the particle (preposition)
Ex We must account it for in our report
- The accent is on the base verb, not on the particle
I’ll LOOK after the children
- It is grammatically acceptable to include an adverb between the verb and the preposition
I’ll look CAREFULLY after the children
The children can catch on to what the teacher said
The phrase "on" in this context serves as an adverb, indicating a deeper understanding that transcends the dictionary definitions of its individual components This usage highlights the nuanced meaning of the word pair, emphasizing its unique interpretation in language.
A phrasal verb is a combination of a verb and a particle, often referred to as an adverbial verb or particle verb These versatile expressions are among the most commonly used in the English language, where the following particle functions as an adverb, defining the term "phrasal verb."
- Commonly used in adverbs: up, down, off, on
Set up, call off, make out, bring up, look up……
Phrasal verbs, like "find out" and "call off," are combinations of verbs and particles that often possess opaque meanings and are highly idiomatic This results in a significant blending of the two words into a complex lexical unit, as noted by Schneider (2004: 230).
- In a way, the Phrasal Verbs are intriguing It's usually made up of one or more particles and a content word Oral communication is very rich in phrasal verbs
Although native English speakers have no trouble with them, English as a second language students find them intricate, demanding, and tough to master or retain Bowen, et al., 1985, p 203)
- Phonological feature: The accent is on the particle, not on the verb
I’ll put ON my trousers
- An adverb can’t be placed between the verb and particle
I’ll put CAREFULLY on my trousers
- They categorize into two main following types:
An intransitive phrasal verb is a type of phrasal verb that does not accept an object following the adverb or between the verb and the adverb In this case, the preposition must follow the verb, creating a straightforward structure Additionally, intransitive phrasal verbs do not have a passive form.
Ex: After this chapter, I went on to the next one
During our time in London, we thoroughly enjoyed dining at sidewalk cafes The experience was enhanced by the vibrant atmosphere, where the plane took off slowly, allowing us to savor every moment.
Phrasal verbs with a direct object can have their particles moved after the object, resulting in three distinct categories One such category is optionally separable transitive phrasal verbs, where the particle can be placed either before or after the direct object.
Optionally separable transitive phrasal verbs are those that require an object, allowing the preposition to either follow the verb or come after the direct object This structure is commonly used when a noun serves as a complement.
Ex His mother brought up his son with great difficulties
(or) His mother brought her son up with great difficulties
The boss turned down the offer (or) The boss turned the offer down b Obligatorily separable transitive - Phrasal verbs
When the direct object is a pronoun, the preposition acting as a particle must occur after the pronoun acting as the direct object, resulting in obligatorily separate phrasal verbs
Ex: Her brother turned on the radio
Her brother turned it on
Phrasal-prepositional verbs are a unique combination of a verb, a particle, and a preposition, often referred to as adverbial-prepositional or particle-prepositional verbs Examples of these verbs include phrases like "get on with it," "put up with it," and "check on it." Although there are only a limited number of these constructions, they play a significant role in English language usage.
Ex I catch up with my old friend in Bangkok (up is a particle and up is a preposition)
- Basic verb + particle + preposition (out of, up for )
- We cannot insert an adverb immediately before the object
Ex: He put up with willingly that secretary of his
- Cannot be separated by the object
Ex: He put up willing with that secretary of his
Distinctions among three traditional types of phrasal verbs
Mastering phrasal verbs can be a daunting task for learners, particularly when it comes to distinguishing between three common forms To overcome this challenge, it's essential to understand the differences between these categories, which can be practically classified into three main types By recognizing these distinctions, learners can develop a clearer understanding of phrasal verbs and improve their language skills Effective classification of phrasal verbs is crucial for learners to enhance their comprehension and usage of these complex verb forms.
5.1 Phrasal Verbs can be summarized as follow:
Do not take an object
5.2 Is The Verb A Phrasal / Prepositional Verb Or Not?
To determine if a verb + preposition or verb + particle forms a phrasal verb, learners can experiment by substituting the content verb with a synonym If the sentence remains coherent, the original verb is likely a single-word verb Conversely, if the statement becomes nonsensical, the original verb is identified as a phrasal verb.
Ex 1: He walked up a huge bill at the restaurant ( anh ấy đã xem cái tấm yết thị lớn trong nhà hàng)
A phrasal verb consists of a verb combined with one or more particles, which can change its meaning significantly For instance, substituting the verb "walk" with a single-word verb like "go up" alters the original meaning or renders it nonsensical Understanding phrasal verbs is essential for grasping the nuances of the English language.
Ex 2: He walked up the hill
The meaning of the phrase remains the same when "walked up" is substituted with "went up." This demonstrates that it can be interpreted as a single-word verb paired with a preposition or as a phrasal verb followed by a preposition.
5.3 Is The Verb A Phrasal Verbs Or A Prepositional Verb?
Ex: He calls up the man The man was called up
Students often find it challenging to determine whether a verb phrase is a Phrasal Verb or a Prepositional Verb To accurately differentiate between the two, it is essential to first grasp their definitions and characteristics Understanding the phonological differences is a crucial step in this process.
As mentioned in the preceding section, the particle in Phrasal Verbs is treated as an adverb, is generally stressed, and bears the nuclear tone in the final position
He called up the man The man was called UP
Whereas the particle of a prepositional verb is generally unstressed and has the
"tail" of the nuclear tone on the lexical verb, the particle of a prepositional verb is normally stressed and has the "tail" of the nuclear tone on the lexical verb
He called on the man The man was CALLED on b Syntactic difference:
- The particle of Phrasal Verbs can commonly stand before or after the noun, which is a grammatical distinction
I’ll put on MY HAT
I’ll put MY HAT on
- It can only be used after a personal pronoun, as it can be indicated above
- An adverb cannot be placed between the verb and the particle
I’ll put CAREFULLY on my hat
- If the object is a noun or substituted by a pronoun, it must be placed after the particle (particle here is a preposition)
We can say: I look after THE DAUGHTER I look after HER
- It is acceptable to insert an adverb between the verb and the particle
I’ll look CAREFULLY after her
Common Mistakes
In the previous section, we explored essential information about multi-word verbs for teachers and students Now, we will address additional important issues that students should understand to avoid providing misleading explanations to learners.
Sometimes a Phrasal Verb can be confused with a single-word verb followed by a preposition /an adverbial- prepositional phrase named a Verb followed by a preposition
Ex - Peter went into the classroom ( from, through, past, etc)
- The dog got over the fence ( under, through, etc)
The terms "into" and "over" are two prepositions that express the sense of the base verb's direction
In the sentences above, the bold term represents a preposition This indicates that the verb followed by the preposition is classified as an intransitive one-word verb combined with a preposition.
- It is regarded as a one-word verb
- Other prepositions, such as those in brackets, can be used in place of the followed preposition
- The meaning of the sentence shifts as the preposition's meaning shifts, but the verb's meaning remains unchanged However, repositioning the preposition is not possible
- The fact that several of these preposition-following verb groupings can be substituted by a nearly identical verb without a preposition
- We may deduce one more feature: verb + preposition is a transitive verb because it requires mandatory complements
Ex The cat is lying on the chair
STUDY ON LEARNING AND TEACHING PHRASAL VERBS
OBJECTIVE OF THE SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
The primary objective of the survey questionnaire is to investigate 12th graders' understanding and knowledge of phrasal verbs, with a particular emphasis on their viewpoints, comprehension, frequency of use, and learning contexts.
A survey was conducted among first and second-year English major students to collect and analyze data regarding their acquisition and usage of phrasal verbs This study aims to understand how these students learn and apply phrasal verbs in their language skills.
This study's measurements will be displayed in a table There will be some assessment of the students' learning situation in the study's findings and discussions section.
DESIGN
The subjects of this study are 12 th graders at Nguyen Xuan On High school, the participants are 45 students of class 12A5
- Students were given 17 questions about Phrasal verbs in order to assess their knowledge and investigate learning circumstances, but no oral interviews were conducted
- A survey questionnaire on Phrasal Verbs with 17 questions consisting of multiple choice and true/false questions to assess students' understanding of Phrasal Verbs
- The results of the tests then have been analyzed.
Methodology
Opinion polls and multiple-choice exercises are effective tools for evaluating students' understanding, challenges, and perspectives on their learning experiences in English, both in and out of the classroom The researcher analyzed the actual responses of learners regarding their comprehension of phrasal verbs, drawing insights from the collected data.
Data analysis
The survey questionnaire aimed to assess 12th graders' comprehension of phrasal verbs and identify their learning challenges Based on the responses gathered from two distinct surveys, the researcher derived significant insights into the students' understanding of this complex aspect of language.
4.1 Students’ Viewpoint On The Importance Of Phrasal Verbs
How are Phrasal verbs important for your English?
Nearly all participants in the study are fluent in English and possess a strong understanding of its various facets, including grammar and vocabulary The lessons focused on enhancing four key skills: reading, listening, writing, and speaking, with an emphasis on common phrasal verbs Opinion polling revealed that almost all students consider phrasal verbs to be a crucial element of the English language, with 57.5% acknowledging their role in improving speaking competency among native speakers Conversely, a small percentage of students (4.5%) expressed indifference towards the significance of phrasal verbs, while 11% viewed them as neutral Notably, none of the students dismissed phrasal verbs as unimportant, reflecting the overall comprehension of 12th graders regarding this aspect of English.
4.2 Students’ Frequency Of Using Phrasal Verbs In Oral Conversations
The table below allows readers to evaluate students' proficiency in using phrasal verbs fluently Phrasal verbs are commonly found in the speech and communication of native speakers However, the frequency of students' use of phrasal verbs in both classroom and informal settings is insufficient, with responses ranging from "never" to "always."
Despite their importance in everyday English communication, phrasal verbs are surprisingly underutilized by many students In fact, a significant percentage of students rarely incorporate phrasal verbs into their spoken or written English, often struggling to convey their intended meaning effectively As a result, their language may lack the nuance and expressiveness that phrasal verbs can provide, highlighting the need for targeted practice and improvement in this area.
Phrasal verbs play a significant role in English communication, with approximately 21% of speakers incorporating them into conversations, presentations, and speeches However, many learners tend to replace these commonly used phrases with single base words, leading to difficulties in understanding oral discussions with native speakers The data reveals that 37% of learners rarely use phrasal verbs, while 42% use them only occasionally In writing, native speakers also tend to avoid phrasal verbs due to their informal nature, with 0% using them consistently as content verbs Among those who do use them, 40% employ phrasal verbs frequently, 32% occasionally, and 28% infrequently.
4.3 Frequency Of Learning and Practicing Phrasal Verbs Out Of Classes
How often do you spend your time learning and practicing Phrasal verbs out of classes?
Despite recognizing the importance of phrasal verbs in mastering English, students are not dedicating time to study or practice them outside of class This lack of engagement stems from their perception that learning phrasal verbs is tedious and uninteresting, leading to a general disinterest in acquiring this essential aspect of the language.
Teachers have a limited amount of time to teach English in class, yet many learners show a lack of enthusiasm for self-studying phrasal verbs through online resources and reference materials Consequently, only 35% recognize the significance of learning and practicing phrasal verbs, with just 7% practicing them daily, despite 43% studying them outside of class.
4.4 Why Are Students Embarrassed With Using Phrasal Verbs In Oral Communications?
Students recognize the importance of phrasal verbs in enhancing their speaking skills, aiming for fluent and natural interactions with foreigners Despite this awareness, 76% express a lack of confidence in using phrasal verbs, leading to discomfort among 12th graders at Nguyen Xuan On High School Only 15% reported being unfamiliar with phrasal verbs in conversation, while about 9% provided other reasons for their hesitance.
Why are students embarrassed with using Phrasal verbs in oral communications?
+ Students are not used to communicating by Phrasal verbs15%)
+ Students are not confident with their Phrasal verbs (76%)
+ Students are not interested in Phrasal verbs
4.5 Methods Teachers Often Use To Present Phrasal Verbs In Classes
Never Rarely Sometimes often always
The data indicates that nearly all participants observed teachers frequently employing subtle methods, such as contextual explanations, definitions, and exercises, to instruct students on phrasal verbs.
- In the context of textbooks: 52% of them confirm that they are always given Phrasal verbs in the textbooks they study in class
According to a survey, 65% of students report that their teachers regularly present phrasal verbs along with their meanings, while 35% indicate that this occurs consistently.
Students primarily learn phrasal verbs through exercises assigned by their teachers, with 74% reporting frequent practice, 18% stating they always engage in this activity, and 8% doing so occasionally.
- The chart shows that active methods such as visual aids, games, songs, stories, and quizzes are less commonly utilized in classes to deliver Phrasal verbs
4.6 Methods Students Often Use For Learning And Practicing Phrasal Verbs out of classes?
Speaking Writing Listening and watching (films, videos, songs )
Most participants rely on traditional memorization techniques for learning phrasal verbs, with nearly half (47%) dedicating significant time to rote memorization rather than engaging in practical application Only 20% express interest in activities focused on phrasal verbs, while a mere 14% allocate time to reading and note-taking Effective methods for enhancing their understanding, such as speaking, writing, and listening, are infrequently utilized both in and out of the classroom.
4.7 The Obstacles In Learning Phrasal Verbs In Classes And Out Of Classes?
A recent survey revealed that all participants find learning phrasal verbs to be a challenging task Students often perceive phrasal verbs as tedious and uninteresting; however, external factors play a crucial role in influencing their learning experience.
- Students have not made the best use of more effective learning methods Phrasal verbs are verbs that have a phrasal meaning
- Students are uninterested in studying phrasal verbs and are not driven to do so
- Phrasal verbs are notoriously difficult for students to grasp
- Both in and out of class, students do not have a conducive atmosphere in which to practice Phrasal verbs
- Students are given some rudimentary instruction on phrasal verbs
- Time teachers spend on Phrasal verbs is limited
- Being insecure about your phrasal verbs
4.8 Students’ knowledge of Phrasal verbs
The questions numbered 9 through 17 are used to assess students' knowledge of Phrasal verbs:
Question 9: “According to you, what is the definition of Phrasal verbs?”
Many sources fail to offer a precise definition of phrasal verbs, merely indicating whether a verb phrase qualifies as one This lack of comprehensive understanding highlights a gap in knowledge regarding phrasal verbs.
Question 10: The underlined words in this sentence “ the manager went into the traffic problems” are:
A Phrasal Verbs (selected by 30 of 45 participants)
B Single-word verbs plus a preposition (selected by 15 of 45 participants)
Question 11: “ The baby went into the house” the underlined words are
A Phrasal verbs (selected by 25 of 45participants)
B Single verb followed a preposition (selected by 25 of 45 participants)
Question 12: We must………….to another week
A Put off the meeting (selected by 89 % of participants)
B Put the meeting off (selected by 7 % of participants)
C Both of them (selected by 5% of participants)
Question 13 “ He takes after his mother” can be rewritten:
A He takes after her (selected by 66% of them)
B He takes her after (14 % of them)
C Both of them (20% of them)
Question 14: “ I cannot put up with his behavior anymore” can be rewrite
A I cannot put up with it anymore (86 % of them)
B I cannot put up it with anymore (4% of them)
C Both of them (10% of them)
Question 15: As they are identical twin, it is difficult to
Question 16: Suddenly the fire alarm ……… and everyone had to leave the building
Question 17: On the day I left, the whole family………at the station
A Saw me off ( 67 % of them)
B Showed me out ( 28 % of them)
C Stood in for me ( 2 % of them)
D Took me up ( 3 % of them)
Conclusions and Findings
Following that, the researcher will give some conclusions and findings derived from the aforesaid data interpretations
A recent poll revealed that 12th graders at Nguyen Xuan On School show a keen interest in learning phrasal verbs; however, they tend to use single-word verbs more frequently in their communication and presentations Despite their interest, the students prefer simpler verb forms when engaging with their audience.
- Outside of class, our students devote less time to studying and practicing Phrasal verbs than they do to other parts of English
Studying phrasal verbs can be challenging and often feels tedious for students due to their inherent complexity Traditional methods employed by teachers and learners tend to reinforce this monotony, creating barriers that hinder effective learning As a result, students frequently experience unsatisfactory outcomes when attempting to master phrasal verbs.
- There are many existing difficulties in their students’ learning:
+ Students have not made the best use of more effective learning approaches Phrasal verbs are verbs that have a phrasal meaning
+ Students are uninterested in learning Phrasal verbs and are not motivated to do so Phrasal verbs are notoriously difficult for students to grasp
+ Students do not have a conducive environment in which to practice phrasal verbs both in and out of class
+ Students are given some rudimentary coursework on phrasal verbs
Teachers often struggle to allocate adequate time to teach phrasal verbs due to the constraints of a 45-minute class period This limited timeframe necessitates covering multiple topics, leading to insufficient focus on phrasal verbs in the curriculum.
SUGGESTED WAYS AND APPROACHES FOR 12 th
What should students do in teachers' classes?
1 Being concentrated on teachers’ lessons
Many students find phrasal verbs challenging and tedious to learn due to their complexity To enhance learning, it’s essential to stay attentive in class, minimize distractions, and concentrate on the teacher's explanations At Nguyen Xuan On, instructors often introduce phrasal verbs and their meanings through textbook readings and relevant materials Given that phrasal verbs are frequently used in everyday conversations, these classroom exchanges serve as a valuable resource for mastering them.
Two friends are in the library
George: I am learning while my classmate is enjoying music, it makes me feel annoyed so I ask him:
Mark: Please turn the volume down (decrease the volume),
George: I just turn it down, is it good now?
Mark: Haha, I can’t hear the sound now, please turn up ( increase the volume) a bit, I still want to hear the music!
George: Oh!, here you are! Will you make up your mind (decide)?
Mark: It’s perfect now man, thanks a lot!
George: What are you doing? You are supposed to hang out with(have a date) your girlfriend now!
Mark: Right!, but I have to carry on (Continue) working to keep up with
(follow) the assignments from our teacher I will make up for her later
George: I see, but when is the deadline?
Mark: I have to hand in the assignments next Monday
George: yep! Let’s get back to your work
- Make a list of unknown Phrasal verbs that will be supplied to you by the teacher
Go over Take after Put off
- Scanning the information provided by teachers and swiftly underlining and adding Phrasal Verbs to your list
When learning phrasal verbs, it’s essential to understand their meanings, whether taught by your instructor or through thorough dictionary entries Instead of merely memorizing the base verb, dedicate time to explore the various phrasal verbs associated with it For each phrasal verb, take a moment to write a concise explanation to enhance your understanding.
Utilizing class time for conversations with classmates, when permitted by the teacher, is the most effective way to practice and quickly recall important concepts.
2 Being enthusiastic about teachers’ activities
Hangman games, crossword puzzles, matching games, and other familiar games are sometimes used by teachers to teach Phrasal verbs to students (as shown in the
“Suggested Activities For Students” section) You should be excited with them because they will create a warm and calm environment, reduce boredom, and make Phrasal verbs simpler to recall
Out of classes: what should we do?
Out-of-class self-study is essential for enhancing your understanding of phrasal verbs, as classroom lessons are often limited to just 45 minutes With teachers focusing on various aspects of English, students should utilize their free time to practice phrasal verbs Despite the numerous topics to learn, it is crucial not to overlook phrasal verbs, which are considered a challenging yet vital part of vocabulary development.
What should 12 th -grade students at Nguyen Xuan On High School do to
- Reviewing Phrasal verbs we have learned in teachers’ classes and trying to learn them by heart
Investing a small amount of time to learn multiple meanings of each phrasal verb can be highly beneficial Phrasal verbs are polysemous, meaning they can have several interpretations based on context Understanding these varied meanings will ultimately save you time in communication and comprehension.
- Use other types of exercises to practice the Phrasal verbs, such as (creating phrases, filling in the blanks )
Utilize phrasal verbs to initiate conversations with others and to practice speaking with yourself Repeating these phrases multiple times will enhance your ability to remember them and significantly improve your speaking skills.
- Alternatively, use the Phrasal verbs to create short hilarious stories
- Finding more verbs that have the same meaning as the Phrasal verbs you learned in class is also a wonderful approach to expanding your vocabulary.
Some suggested form exercises for students outside of class to master Phrasal verbs
Phrasal verb lessons and quizzes are now widely accessible on various websites, leading to a surge in their popularity Understanding the meanings of phrasal verbs can often be challenging, as some definitions may seem obscure and require additional research With patience and the right study materials, anyone can excel in learning phrasal verbs.
In this exercise, you will select the appropriate phrasal verbs from the list to complete the sentences The options include "go on," "pick up," "come back," "come up with," "go back," "find out," "come out," "go out," "point out," "grow up," "turn out," "come in(to)," and "take on." Each phrasal verb serves a unique purpose and enhances the meaning of the sentences, making it essential to choose the correct one to convey the intended message effectively.
1 Could you ……… (think of an idea) a better idea?
2 She ……… (showed/mentioned) that the stock rose as high as $16 in April
3 I ……… (went to an event) for dinner with my colleagues last night
4 He ……… (entered a place where the speaker is the kitchen and made some tea
5 George ……… (become an adult) in a village
6 As I arrived, he ……… (appeared from a place) of the door
7 She ……… (got something from a place) some dinner on the way home
8 At the end of the film, it ……… (in the end we discovered) that John was a good guy
1 come up with 2.pointed out 3.went out 4.came into
5.grew up 6.came out 7.picked up 8.turned out
Chọn các cụm động từ tốt nhất cho các câu sau
1 He (came up with/ came into/ went back) a solution
2 Could you (point out/ find out/ turn out) what time we need to arrive?
3 Many children (come up / come down/ come to) with an ear infection even before their first birthday
4 Most people (get up/ get out/ get over) a cold within two weeks
5 I can’t wait to (get back/ get off/ get rid of) that ugly old couch
6 I can’t believe who (drop out/ dropped in/ come in) on us last night
7 He couldn’t (get along with/ get well/ get over) his mother-in-law
8 I guess we need to (go over/ go through/ go up) the whole song a few more times
9 She is glad they (look up to/ look down on/ look for) her
10 I’m sorry, but you can’t (makeup/ made by/ marked down) that test you missed
1 came up with 2 find out 3 come down 4 get over 5.get rid of
6 dropped in 7 get along with 8 go through 9 look up to 10 make up
The suggested activities for 12 th graders who want to improve their Phrasal verbs
The extensive use of computers enables students to easily access a wealth of resources related to phrasal verbs, including documents, exercises, lectures, and books To effectively learn phrasal verbs, students can explore a range of helpful strategies tailored to enhance their understanding and usage.
1 Reading: textbooks and other materials
Reading is an essential and effective method for students to enhance their understanding of Phrasal Verbs, with approximately 5,000 commonly used in English While classroom instruction can only cover a limited number, extensive reading allows students to familiarize themselves with and master these verbs more quickly In addition to textbook materials, students should explore a variety of content created by native speakers, such as poems, stories, newspapers, novels, and magazines, which are readily accessible through mass media and the internet By diversifying their reading sources, students can significantly expand their Phrasal Verbs vocabulary.
You should select readings on phrasal verbs based on specific topics: food phrasal verbs, money phrasal verbs, and business phrasal verbs, for example…
What should be done, for example, with the text below that contains Food Phrasal Verbs?
This is a context-based lesson on food-related phrasal verbs
Last weekend, we visited our grandparents and enjoyed a delightful lunch together at the table The four siblings shared an array of delicious Italian cakes, making the meal truly memorable.
In the center of the photo is my eldest brother, John, known for his insatiable appetite He consistently devours his food eagerly whenever grandma serves a meal.
Emmy, my older sister, sits to my left and contrasts sharply with John; she barely touches her food, likely due to her dislike for Italian cakes Perhaps her lack of appetite is a result of the exhaustion from the three-hour bus ride to our destination.
My younger brother Tom, who is sitting next to John, appears quite amusing with an empty bottle in his hand This situation made our grandpa extremely furious with him.
35 he knocked back all of his wine
I recently tried my grandma's new vegetarian dish and absolutely loved it, indulging a bit too much She humorously pointed out that I should reduce my intake of fast food and cakes to maintain a healthier lifestyle.
After 40 minutes, we had eaten up all the food My grandparents were really glad They always hope to see us on the weekends and always show us warm hospitality We all had a great time together
2 Listening to music that has Phrasal verbs
Listening is as crucial as reading, and incorporating music can make learning phrasal verbs more engaging This effective strategy has been underutilized by students, yet it significantly enhances their understanding and usage of phrasal verbs.
- To begin, pick a genre of music that you enjoy listening to and select one song from that genre that contains Phrasal verbs
For example: here are the lyrics of a great song named: Count on Me
If you ever find yourself stuck in the middle of the sea
I'll sail the world to find you
If you ever find yourself lost in the dark and can't see
I'll be the light to guide you
We'll find out what we're made of
When we are called to help our friends in need
You can count on me like one, two, three
And I know when I need it, I can count on you like four, three, two
And you'll be there
'Cause that's what friends are supposed to do, oh, yeah
Ooh-ooh-ooh-ooh, ooh, yeah, yeah
If you tossin' and you're turnin' and you just can't fall asleep
I'll sing a song beside you
And if you ever forget how much you mean to me
Every day I will remind you, oh
We'll find out what we're made of
When we are called to help our friends in need
You can count on me like one, two, three
And I know when I need it, I can count on you like four, three, two
And you'll be there
'Cause that's what friends are supposed to do, oh, yeah
Ooh-ooh-ooh-ooh, ooh, yeah, yeah
You'll always have my shoulder when you cry
I'll never let go, never say goodbye
You can count on me like one, two, three
And I know when I need it I can count on you like four, three, two
And you'll be there
'Cause that's what friends are supposed to do, oh, yeah
Ooh-ooh-ooh-ooh, ooh
You can count on me 'cause I can count on you
- If you're listening to/watching a statement with phrasal verbs you're unfamiliar with, don't stop listening/watching and try to guess what it means
To enhance your understanding of new phrasal verbs found in song lyrics, start by compiling a list of these expressions Next, consult a dictionary for their definitions and take breaks during your listening sessions To reinforce your memory of these phrasal verbs, try to follow along with the lyrics as you listen to the songs.
Which should we choose to watch?
With the rise of technological advancements, a wealth of resources related to phrasal verbs is now accessible online To enhance your studies, it's beneficial to spend more time watching educational videos that can facilitate your learning Phrasal verbs are unique verbs that convey a specific phrasal meaning, making them essential for language comprehension.
Apart from watching movies about Phrasal verbs, they provide not only comfort but also excellent outcomes in learning Phrasal verbs
4 Suggested Funny Game Learn Phrasal Verbs
Games are one of the best forms of amusement We almost feel at ease when we play amusing games Learning Phrasal verbs is a difficult task, thus playing
39 amusing games is a good method to create a pleasant environment in which to study
Finding engaging games for learning phrasal verbs is easy, as many resources are available online Here are some popular examples of effective games that can enhance your understanding of phrasal verbs.
+ Matching game: This game is intended to help students recall the meaning of
Phrasal verbs You must match pairs of phrasal verbs with the same meaning if there are multiple phrasal verbs or sentences containing phrasal verbs in a group
Example 1: Match pictures with sentences
This lesson offers a gentle introduction to phrasal verbs, focusing on their usage and meaning You will review both familiar and new phrasal verbs through an engaging activity that involves matching pictures with sentences Understanding these common phrasal verbs is essential for effective communication.
After waking up, many people have a routine that begins with turning off their alarm clock, which can set the tone for their morning The first thing they often do is check their phone or turn on a light, reflecting their immediate priorities Feelings upon waking can vary, but some may experience grogginess or a sense of alertness The time they wake up can greatly influence their morning activities, and while some rise immediately, others take a moment to gather themselves before getting out of bed When getting dressed, the last item put on is often a crucial part of completing their morning look.
When a player is given an unknown set of Phrasal Verbs, he or she must predict the Phrasal Verbs by one character
Your goal is to figure out the two-word phrasal verb that means "getting interested in " If you choose incorrectly, one of your body parts will be hung:
Crossword games are a popular way to engage with language, specifically designed to test and review phrasal verbs within a single topic, such as a story, film, or paragraph To maximize your experience, it's recommended to read or review the accompanying article before tackling the crossword This game not only reinforces your understanding but also helps you quickly recall all the phrasal verbs you've learned.
1 I have to take _ of my little brother
3 If you across a good dictionary Buy it for me
6 I don't want to cook Let's _ out
7 Let's _ up the tent before it rains
9 Don't to me you rude boy
11 If you into Jack, tell him to call me
13 There are many mistakes it over
1 Can you with some solutions
2 If we don’t start spending less, we will _ _ of money soon
3 I'm going to down on fatty foods
4 He likes to up stories
5 I _ _ well with Sandy because she is so easygoing
8 It's warm Why don't you _ off your jacket?
10 The bomb will up in two minutes
11 I need to get of some old furniture
- In addition to the games listed above, you can create your own game or search for more games on the internet
Tips for making Phrasal verbs easier to learn
When searching for English learning websites that feature phrasal verbs, it's essential to choose one that provides example sentences Understanding the context in which phrasal verbs are used is crucial for effective learning.
Explore a variety of resources available online that feature thousands of phrasal verbs along with examples These platforms are ideal for learning new phrasal verbs and understanding their meanings as you enhance your English skills Notable websites include [Using English](http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/phrasal-verbs/), [English Club](http://www.englishclub.com/esl-games/matching-phrasal-verbs-02.htm), and [Learn English](http://www.learnenglish.org.uk/CET/flashactivities/phrasal_verbs_give.html), among others Engaging with these interactive tools can significantly improve your grasp of phrasal verbs.
To enhance your vocabulary, select one to three phrasal verbs daily and write them in your pocket dictionary Practice memorizing these verbs by repeating them several times until they become second nature to you.
- Always remember to study phrasal verbs in context! Instead of memorizing a single phrasal verb, practice and memorize a phrase that includes it!
Instead of simply memorizing the phrasal verb "to pass around," focus on the complete phrase "to pass test papers around." This approach will enhance your ability to use phrasal verbs effectively in real English conversations Memorizing only the individual phrasal verbs may hinder your conversational skills.
When learning phrasal verbs, prioritize the most commonly used ones to enhance your English skills effectively Focus on quality over quantity, as your active vocabulary consists of words you can use in conversation, while your passive vocabulary includes words you recognize but do not use Although understanding many phrasal verbs is advantageous, it's essential to remember that you can only incorporate a limited number into your active vocabulary at any given time.
As a result, it is critical to identify the most frequently used ones and begin employing them when speaking English!
When searching for phrasal verbs in a dictionary, remember that they often have multiple meanings It's essential to consider the context of the sentence in which the phrasal verb is used By analyzing the situation, you can determine the specific meaning you need from the dictionary.
Learning phrasal verbs within a specific context, such as food, money, or business, enhances their recall and usage For instance, students are more likely to remember dating-related phrasal verbs like "going out," "asking someone out," and "turning someone down" when these phrases are taught in a relevant context This approach not only reinforces understanding but also makes learning more engaging and effective.
Tips students should avoid when learning Phrasal verbs
Students should avoid overwhelming lists of phrasal verbs, as learning 45 at once makes it challenging to understand their distinct meanings and real-world applications Instead, it's beneficial to keep learning materials concise and manageable.
Although many English textbooks focus on phrasal verbs, owning one is not essential Learning too many phrasal verbs at once can lead to confusion While having a textbook for reference can be beneficial, utilizing free online resources is a more effective approach.
- Don't try to memorize every phrasal verb's meaning; one is sufficient, to begin with Once you're certain you'll recall the first, move on to the other definitions
When adding phrasal verbs to your pocket dictionary, avoid translating them into your native language; instead, describe them using other English words Relying on translation can trap you in a cycle of thinking in your native tongue before converting it to English, hindering fluency This approach applies to learning any new English vocabulary Once you've grasped the basics, it's crucial to stop using your native language as a reference Explaining new phrasal verbs with simple English terms will facilitate thinking in English, which is vital for achieving fluency.
One important phrasal verb to learn is "to keep up," which can be used in the phrase "keep up with me." This means to stay at the same level as someone else, whether in walking or engaging in an activity.
Advice: If you follow these guidelines and master at least a dozen of the most regularly used English phrasal verbs, you will notice a considerable improvement in your English skills
Creating a student-centered teaching environment in English classrooms can be challenging, as students often expect instructors to take the lead However, there are effective strategies teachers can implement to encourage active student participation and engagement in class.
- First of all, choosing a communicative approach as our teaching method
- Recognizing that using outdated ways in the language is merely a temporary solution
To enhance student engagement and promote effective learning, it's essential to adapt your teaching strategy to make lessons more captivating By tailoring the session to pique students' interest, you can significantly improve their focus and retention of the material.
Teaching the most frequently used phrasal verbs in everyday conversation is essential for effective communication Incorporating synonymous phrasal verbs enhances vocabulary and understanding For instance, "give up" can be replaced with "quit," and examples such as "She decided to give up smoking" illustrate practical usage By providing context and alternatives, learners can grasp the nuances of these expressions, making their language skills more versatile and fluent.
- Choosing phrasal verbs based on how frequently they are used When pupils repeatedly encounter a term with a phrasal, the word becomes more important for them to learn
Phrasal verbs are commonly used in everyday English, making it essential to incorporate them into our explanations of other verbs By exposing learners to English news, we can illustrate the practical application of these phrases, highlighting when and how they are utilized in context This approach not only enhances comprehension but also reinforces the importance of phrasal verbs in fluent communication.
- Using them in their papers and discussions to focus the students convincingly
Empowering students to become independent learners is essential, especially for advanced learners Engaging them in group work, speech presentations, and writing exercises allows them to experience the frequency and usage of phrasal verbs by native speakers This immersive approach enhances their language skills and boosts their confidence in real-world communication.