isolation and characterization of the cryptophycins

... of author information is available at the end of the article and chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × morifolium) In other floricultural plants, the development of doubleflowered varieties is one of ... conferred by the polyacylated anthocyanin gentiodelphin [24] The flavonoids of Japanese gentian, the structures of the anthocyanins and flavones, and the biosynthetic structural and regulatory ... long, and consisted of nine exons and eight introns (Fig 5a) The number and position of introns were conserved between Arabidopsis AG and GsAG1 The second and third introns of GsAG1 (4.3 kb and

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2020, 21:46

... sec and it was used for the calculation of the viscosity of the broth Sugar was estimated by phenol sulphuric acid method using glucose as a standard By measuring the viscosity of the broth the ... The medium was inoculated with (v/v%) of the inoculum and incubated at 37°C for 72 hrs at 200 rpm The different isolates were inoculated in these media and after incubation the viscosity of the ... of standard xanthan and produced xanthan of SC1 and SC4 showed that the most important bands recorded were: 3400-3450 cm-1: axial deformation of -OH; 2850-2950 cm1: axial deformation of C-H and

Ngày tải lên: 13/01/2020, 23:19

... to the presence of d-cysteine in the culture medium. It was suggested that d-cysteine exerts its toxicity through an inhibition of threonine deaminase. On the other hand, the presence of the ... cycle and the parts above ground were harvested every 4 h and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The d-CDes mRNA levels increased at the end of the light period, reached a maximum at the end of the dark ... and decreased at the beginning of the light cycle. The d-CDes gene expression or the stability of the d-CDes mRNA was negatively regulated by light (Fig. 6A). The Western blot results using the

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... function of the two isoforms, prompted us to analyze the organiza- tion and the promoter sequences (Fig. 4) of the two tryptase genes. The length of both genes, as evaluated from the size of the PCR ... agarose gel electrophoresis and the bands eluted, purified and subcloned in the PCRII TM TOPO vector containing the lac promoter and the b-galactosidase gene, using the TA Cloning Kit (Invitrogen, ... in the two tryptases and the results confirm once again the presence of Asn188- Phe189 in BLCT, unlike BLT and tryptases from other species which contain Asp-Ser in those positions. Isolation and

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... role for these residues on the catalysis and zinc ions, respectively. These effects may be necessary either for the activation of the catalytic water molecule or for the stabilization of the substrate–enzyme ... activity [33]. These results indicate the importance of these residues in the stability of di-zinc binding and suggest that these residues are essential for the enzymatic activity of the PepD. To ... content of the purified PepD wild- type and mutant proteins. Loss of enzymatic activity in the mutants was not due to changes in the second- ary structure of the proteins because the CD spectra of the

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... revealed the codon usage of the Arabidopsis gene as well as the nature of the signal peptide and the sequence motif around the translation start as critical parameters for efficient expression of AtSMT ... secretion and may even outperform the impact of SRP-dependence. Interestingly, C-terminal extension of the SMT sequence with both the ER retention sig- nal and the 6xHis tag led to severe reduction of ... mechanism. Investigation of the substrate specificity of AtSMT towards l-malate revealed structural features required for the interaction of the acyl acceptor with the enzyme. The lack of enzymatic activity

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... Gly-Ser, in-frame with the codon for Pro2 of the receptor cDNA The codon for the last used amino acid of the receptor (Ser412 in case of the full-length receptor and Ala316 for the truncated receptor) ... concentrations of 10±20 times their Ki value Without ligand, a half-life of 33 days was obtained This increased to 77 days in the presence of NECA (agonist) and 53 days in the presence of theophylline ... temperature and using high concentrations of the weak antagonist theophylline combined with low ¯ow rates The ®nal ionexchange step allowed removal of theophylline, and a reduction of volume and detergent

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 00:21

... involved in the process of host cell lysis [14] The objectives of the present work included preliminary biochemical characterization of the novel endolysin of bacteriophage T5, determination of the peptidoglycan ... aspartic acid of the enzyme and an acidic N-terminal amino acid of the substrate [26] The affinity of bacteriophage T5 endolysin for d-glutamic acid of peptidoglycan and the ability of endolysin ... Asp73, Asp130, and His133) that are typical for metallopeptidases of the M15 family and take part in the binding of the metal ion in the process of catalysis [28] This is the first example of an l-alanoyl-d-glutamate

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

... and cloned from leaves of coffee plants. One of the candidate coding sequences was then expressed in the Arabidopsis knock-out null mutant ndr1-1. Upon a challenge with a specific strain of the ... undertaken. Given the high degree of identity between the two predicted CaNDR1 amino-acid sequences, we decided to stud y CaNDR1a and expressed the corresponding ORF under the control of the CaMV35S ... lines were then screened by RT-qPCR for high steady-state levels of transgene transcripts and three of them were selected for further experiments. The expression level of CaNDR1a in these lines,

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... Page 5 of 10 designated X and Y, were observed. Judging from the intensity, the proteins in these bands accounted for 80% of the total viral proteins. By in creasing the temperature of the heat ... band X faded, whereas the intensity of band Y increased. With further increases in temperature, band Y faded, whereas the intensity of band Z increased; with heat treatment at 100°C, only band ... Here, we present the results of the environ- mental study and the results of a biological study of one strain, CvV-BW1, obtained in the environmental study. Methods Algal strains and culture conditions

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 01:21

... emissions of methyl halides (CH 3 Cl, CH 3 Br and CH 3 I) are the major source of these compounds in the atmosphere; however, there are few reports about the halide profiles and strengths of these ... emissions of volatile compounds, such as methyl hali- des, from these plants and to clarify the mechanism of synthesis of these compounds. The emission rates of CH 3 I from these plants in the presence ... emissions reflected those of the tested plants alone, and were not affected by the presence of soil microorganisms. The results of the present study, together with the report of an HMT homologue in

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... combinations of degenerate and specific primers and by rescreening the cDNA libraries The partial clones of XHIVEP2 and -3 covered 5.9 and 3.2 kb of the respective 3¢ ends and included 3¢-UTRs and poly(A)-tails ... representation of the full length XHIVEP1 and the Myc-tagged (MT) deletion mutants Black and white boxes indicate the position of the Znf domains and the serine-rich stripe, respectively The relative ... bold The position of the terminal amino acid for the depicted sequence is indicated to the right (Fig 6B, compare lanes and with and 6) Mutation of the GAGA motif only slightly altered the ZAS-N...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 13:20

... validation of their structure and characterization of their functions Even after the identification, the next would be to understand how the molecular components of the cells are controlled, interact and ... third of the human genome consists of repetitive sequences Almost all of these have arisen by retroposition of an RNA intermediate followed by insertion of the resulting cDNA into the genome Of these, ... process of integration, the viral genome breaks at E1 and E2 regions, never at the E6 and E7 region The loss of 19 Literature Survey E2 results in the loss of E6 and E7 regulation This allows the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:13

... correlations The determination of the 3D structure of D desulfuricans ATCC 27774 NrfA [17] enabled to ascertain the spatial characterization of the five hemes, namely their proximity and the axial ... containing the double of NrfA subunit in respect to the NrfH subunit Nevertheless, inside these huge aggregates there are species of the type a2b2 The present findings are in agreement with the reported ... particularly regarding the assignment of spectroscopic and redox potentials of the NrfA hemes In addition, the first partial spectroscopic and redox characterization of the NrfH subunit is also...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... alignments and for CDRs and In these cases extensive loop modelling was undertaken and the final model selection based on the modeller objective score Construction of the 12F-11DCys mutant and 12F-11 ... background, and all of these proved to be identical sequences One of these, designated clone 12F-11, was chosen for further analysis The primary and deduced amino acid sequences of clone 12F-11 ... underlined, and the alanine linker and dual octapeptide FLAG tags are italicised The positions of the CDR1 and )3 regions are indicated in bold type (B) Alignment of protein 12F-11 with four other VNAR...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... diagram of wild-type RTA structure, and the positions of the altered amino acids of the double mutant, F108 and L151, within the structure are indicated Discussion RTA is the catalytic polypeptide of ... plasmid DNA containing the 25S rRNA genomic DNA sequence The probe was made by random priming and the incorporation of [a-32P]dCTP Hybridization of the probe to the membrane and subsequent washes ... Tsurugi K (1987) The mechanism of action of ricin and related toxic lectins on eukaryotic ribosomes The site and the characteristics of the modification in 28 S ribosomal RNA caused by the toxins J...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... This result in the successive generation of two active forms of the factor: aFXIIa and bFXIIa The cleavage of the Arg353-Val354 bond of FXII results in the formation of aFXIIa form of the enzyme, ... following either damage or activation of the endothelium This may occur due to the perforation of the vessel wall or activation of the endothelium (Geczy, 1994) Upon activation of endothelial cells ... Rechromatography of hemextin A and B ESI-MS of hemextin A and B Comparison of amino acid sequence of hemextin A and hemextin B with other sequences of the three-finger toxin family CD spectra Effects of hemextins...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 13:36

... Isolation and characterization of stem cell regulatory genes oct4 and stat3 from the model fish medaka LIU RONG (Master of Biological Sciences) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF ... Cloning and characterization of two isoforms of the medaka stat3 104 109 3.2.1 Isolation of stat3 cDNAs from the medaka 109 3.2.2 Medaka Stat3 produces two isoforms Stat3a and Stat3b 112 3.2.3 The medaka ... expression of 13 Chapter I Introduction oct4 is regulated by the changes of DNA methylation The statue of DNA methylation is related to the changes of the chromatin structure of the mouse oct4 gene and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 13:38

... dC-tail of the cDNA and served as an extended template for RT The RT switched template from the mRNA to the SMARTII oligonucleotide and synthesize the complete cDNA copy of the original RNA The first-strand ... in regard to the size of introns and 3’ untranslated region (3’ UTR; Figure 3) Compared to the 0.3 – 0.35 kb size of intron of the LHβ genes, the size of the corresponding intron in the FSHβ genes ... dependent largely on the reproductive stage of the fish and the species, and to a lesser extent, the gender In the study of gonadotropin response to GnRH during sexual ontogeny of the common carp,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/11/2015, 17:15

... observed Figure shows the effect of the concentration of the polymer on the flocculation of kaolin clay When the polymer concentration was changed from zero to 12.5 ppm, the extent of flocculation ... follows: 500 g of soil was washed times with distilled water and suspended in 1,000 ml of water The mixture was allowed to stand for 10min and the supernatant was collected and used for the flocculating ... measured The activity was expressed as the extent of flocculation calculated by the following formula Extent of flocculation (%) = (A-B)×100/A A: A660 of the total mixed liquor B: A660 of the upper...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08