activation of transcription and translation

... Inuence of CSPs on transcription and translation Many CSPs have been shown to have a high afnity to single-stranded nucleic acids and therefore are thought to act on transcription and or translation ... with the results of [3] They found an increase in the translation of cold shock mRNAs and of cold tolerant mRNAs with the addition of CspA to a translation assay Thus translation of non-CSPs would ... effect of the CSPs on transcription and translation could be reversed (Fig 6) This means that for the suppression of protein expression an interaction of CSP with DNA and or RNA is required and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... application of cytokines TNFa (100 units/ ml) and/ or IFNg (200 units/ml) for various periods of time Analysis of F11R in HAEC and HUVEC lysates and cell culture media Monolayers of arterial and venous ... design and supervision of all experiments, performed data analysis and interpretation of data, supervised and coordinated all studies, and drafted the manuscript All of the authors have read and ... following the treatment of venous and arterial endothelial cells with TNFa and/ or IFNg, F11R continued to be recognized as a protein of 37 kDa Results of the quantitation of the level of the F11R protein...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... parts: B' and B" The black and white boxes correspond to the B' and B" parts of the gene, respectively S and F represent the split and fusion event hypotheses of the B' and B" parts of the gene ... obtained from the transcription and translation datasets Unrooted maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic trees obtained from the transcription and translation datasets (a) Transcription; (b) translation ... comparison of the percentages of amino-acid differences in transcription and translation fusion datasets for each pair of species is shown in Figure A strong correlation between the percentages of amino-acid...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:21

... post-transcriptional modulation It is now clear that steps in transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of gene expression are functionally and physically linked [25] For example, cotranscriptional ... processes of transcription and mRNA export [30] Biochemical analysis of TREX has identified interaction with both intronless and intron-containing genes and determined a relationship between its cotranscriptional ... under the control of the constitutive SNV promoter The vectors lack or contain SNV PCE and the CMV IE transcriptional enhancer and are designated U3-Luc, PCE-Luc, and IE-U3Luc and IE-PCE-Luc, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... the presence of cytokines Natural ligands of ICAM- 1and LFA-1 are expressed on the surface of T and B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes [33], and interaction ... activity of ERK, p38 and SAPK ⁄ JNK, the three major members of the MAPK family, in LPS-treated SCs Briefly, as illustrated in Fig 5A, phosphorylation of p38 and SAPK ⁄ JNK appeared at 30 min, and ... of ICAM-1 expression [46] In summary, upregulation of ICAM-1 expression in SCs after direct stimulation with LPS occurred via activation of MAPKs, especially the p38 and SAPK ⁄ JNK pathways Activation...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... polymerases and components of the transcription machinery in the nucleus The role of actin in transcription and its regulation Actin is both a major cytoskeletal component of all eukaryotic cells and ... complexes (PICs) Injection of anti-actin Ig into the nuclei of salamander oocytes results in contraction of the lateral loops and the inhibition of transcription [8] Furthermore, Hofmann & de Lanerolle ... the ABD of STARS is both necessary and sufficient for the nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activation of MRTFs by STARS The activity of STARS involves actin dynamics Treatment of NIH 3T3...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 01:20

... increases the rate of transcription initiation of the PS1 gene in SK-N-SH cells To determine whether the increase in the level of PS1 mRNA results from the activation of the transcription of the gene ... the presence of TPA Thus the increase in the level of PS1 mRNA observed by Northern blotting of total cellular RNA results from an increase in the rate of initiation of transcription of PS1 Fig ... Nuclear run-off analysis of the transcription of PS1 in the presence of TPA SK-N-SH cells were incubated in the presence of 0.2 lM TPA for h Nuclei were then purified and used in transcription run-off...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 09:20

... favor of n-3 PUFA and particularly an n-3 DPA and EPA An increase in n-3 DPA and EPA, and perhaps other n-3 PUFAs, stimulates Jak2 and Stat5 activation, and induces b-casein expression and gland ... induction of mammary differentiation Using MCF-10 mammary epithelial cells, we analyzed the effect of DPA, EPA, and DHA on activation of Jak2 and Stat5 Whereas DPA and EPA activated Jak2 and Stat5, ... differentiation effect of pregnancy Y E Liu et al Fig Induction of Jak and Stat5 activation and b-casein expression by DPA and EPA (A) MCF-10 cells Cells were treated with 10 lM of DHA, DPA, and EPA for...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 10:20

... its structure and that of the terpenoid backbone and carboxyl group of 9-cis retinoic acid (B and C) RASMOL-generated ribbon diagrams for the ligand-binding domains of the hRXRa and dUSP, respectively ... end and distal end of 9-cis RA in hRXRa (D) An overlay of the dUSP and hRXRa ribbon diagrams of B and C, with emphasis (white arrows) on the similar placement of Gln275,Trp305, Leu326, Cys432 and ... than that of its natural ligand 15deoxy-D12,14-prostaglandin J2 (which has a volume similar ˚ to that of JH III, at 301 A3 [43]), yet this prostaglandin ligand is able to bind and transcriptionally...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... vol of each individual 10 mM stock of ATP, UTP, and CTP, and vol of water), PL of GTP (0.5 mM, dilute 10 rnM stock 1:20 with water), p.L of the cap analog m7G(5’)ppp(5’)G (5 mM), and pL of DNA ... a-[32P]dATP, PL of 15 mM PNAD, 0.5 pL of 10 mg/mL BSA, PL of U/pL E cull DNA polymerase I, 0.5 PL of U/p,L RNaseH, 0.25 l.tL of U@L E coli DNA ligase, and 56.4 l,tL of H20 Immediately after first-strand ... strand: 10 p.L of annealed DNA, p.L of 10X Klenow buffer, 0.5 pL of mM dNTPs, 10 U of Klenow fragment, and Hz0 up to a final volume of 50 pL Incubate at 37OCfor h 3.6.2 E coli Transforming and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 09:47

... associated with increased presence and activation of glial cells Using post mortem brain tissue we have investigated whether activation/ occurrence of microglia and astrocytes in AD brain can be ... GFAP, ppRb and COX-2 in the temporal cortex of nondemented control and AD Immunoreactivity scores for KP1, CR3/43, GFAP, ppRb and COX-2 in the temporal cortex of nondemented control and AD cases ... microglia and astrocytes with the Braak score for neurofibrillary changes and high levels of activated glial cells in cases with Braak score B and C (figure 1) We observed maximal neuronal ppRb and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... upregulation of BMP-2 mRNA after injury Several factors can determine activation of BMP signaling independently of the expression of one ligand, including secretion and solubility of the ligand(s), ... presence of secreted or intracellular inhibitors and receptor regulation [35] Our data showing phosphorylation of SMAD-1/-5 suggest activation of BMP signaling Activation cal injury of the WNT/β ... enhancer factor (TCF/ LEF) family of transcription factors, thereby activating transcription of target genes [22] Materials and methods Ex vivo cartilage injury model and tissue culture Well-preserved...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:22

... P< 0.05 Results Ligand-independent activation of Met and EGFR confers proliferative and invasive advantages to A431 cells Ligand-independent activation of RTKs as a result of gene mutation or ... adhesion-induced activation of Met and EGFR cannot be attributed to Src activation, production of reactive oxygen species, and the integrity of the cytoskeleton In addition, we demonstrate that Met and EGFR ... determinant for Met and EGFR activation in A431 cells Adhesion-induced activation of Met and EGFR in A431 cells is independent of Src, ROS, or cytoskeleton Adhesion-induced activation of RTKs has been...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... against Candida albicans Monocytes obtained from peripheral blood of control subjects and patients, before and after activation with different concentrations of interferon-gamma (IFN-g), and after ... the activation process of these cells, namely IFN-g and TNF-a Results from IFN-g and TNF-a are shown in Figures and 2, respectively As to IFN-g assays (Figure 1), non-activated monocytes of control ... obtained from peripheral blood of control subjects and patients, before and after activation with different concentrations of tumoral necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), and after challenge with C albicans...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 03:20

... via activation of cyclooxygenase (COX) and release of the bronchodilator prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2) [21] The mechanism behind AHR to kinins appears to involve activation of intracellular MAPKs and ... mediated by activation of airway neuronal nicotinic receptors which results in a transcriptional up-regulation of kinin B1 and B2 receptors The whole process depends on the activation of JNK- and PDE4-related ... include both inhibition of the upstream negative regulator of JNK and p38 MAPKs called MAP kinase phosphatase-1 [48] and post-transcriptional/translational regulation of gene expressions [42,49]...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:20

... specific random sample The pattern was similar for shuffled and random amino-acid usages, and for shuffled and random positional-base usages In all cases, the means for the shuffled and random distribu- ... and methods) The standard genetic code and all known variants resist error better (have a lower error value) than random codes for a wide range of different amino-acid properties and models of ... usage and positional-base usage from a given codon usage The frequency of an amino acid is the sum of the frequencies of each of its codons A positional-base usage is the frequency of each of the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 15:20

... AP-1 is an important transcription factor which maintains the transcription of AGT mRNA in VSMCs, and that the activation of AP-1 participates in transcription activation of the AGT gene to modulate ... the liver, and of STAT3 and STAT5A in the heart, participates in transcription activation of the AGT gene to modulate the autocrine Ang II loop, and that Ang II-mediated activation of JAK2 triggers ... Definitive evidence of physical association between c-Jun and STAT5B is provided by the results of the CoIP and super-EMSA of nuclear extracts, and by the results of the ChIP assay of immunoprecipitated...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

... exerts its effect through induction of transcription factors (AP1, Elk1, Stat1, SRF and NFκB) and expression of apoptotic genes (Fas receptor, Fas ligand, FADD and caspase 8) [19] In addition, as ... targets in the diagnosis and treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma Materials and methods Cell culture and reagents Based on the reported alteration of gene expression of primary human hepatocytes ... expression profile in confluent HepG2 cells in vitro [21], the regulation of genes involved in transcriptional and translational processes we found suggests a potential therapeutic effect of ethanol...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:28

... English translation of English non – finite clauses 1.3 THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY and the meaning of non – finite clauses are very abundant and diverse Because of the limitation of time and the ... wheelchair and books and their Vietnamese translational equivalents 3.3.3 Method for Data Analysis Firstly, analysis the samples is presented Then, description of the translation of CHAPTER METHOD AND ... the translation of translation are very simple and sometimes not accurate English nouns – finite clauses Infinitive clauses can be translated in Therefore, the results of the study of the ways of...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:19