Rationale of the study ããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããããã 1
English, while not the most widely spoken language globally, stands out as the leading language in business, education, and communication Over 350 million people around the world communicate in English To truly understand the significance of English in international business, one must consider not only the number of speakers but also the diverse applications of the language in global interactions.
In the 21st century, numerous companies have realized they can reduce production costs by outsourcing jobs overseas or hiring immigrants on work visas For individuals from non-English speaking countries, mastering English is essential for securing good employment opportunities in the United States or England.
English has become the dominant language of technology, significantly influencing access to information Its role continues to grow each year, with approximately 80% of internet web pages available in English Most primary information resources are either published in English or translated into it, highlighting its importance in the global information landscape.
While Internet services are generally user-friendly, a lack of English proficiency can lead to isolation online This language barrier is a significant factor contributing to digital polarization Acquiring the skills to navigate new Internet platforms may take a short time, but achieving fluency in English requires years of practice Although some English knowledge can be enhanced through online usage, the prevailing trend among Internet users often discourages non-English speakers, further exacerbating the divide.
2 problems with the English language Incorrect English causes a few flames much more probably than encouragement and friendly advice
I focus on studying technical terms used on business websites to make internet services more accessible for non-English speakers However, my limited proficiency in English may present some challenges in this research I welcome any feedback or contributions to enhance the quality of my study.
2 The study is aimed at
Collecting and presenting some commonly used English terms in the interface of business websites
Identifying the formation and meaning of English terms used in interface of business websites
Giving some sugguestions in translating technical terms in business websites
Studying the technical terms in business and technology can be time-consuming and challenging Due to constraints in time and expertise, this article focuses on popular terms commonly found on business websites The aim is to provide readers with a foundational understanding of these terms, making it easier to navigate and engage with various online platforms.
The study is conducted with the combination of two main research method: quantitative and qualitative
The researcher conducts a quantitative statistical analysis of collected materials to determine the frequency, types, and formation of English terms utilized in the interface of business websites.
Hypothesis testing serves as a qualitative method where researchers propose translation strategies for specific terms and subsequently evaluate their hypotheses to determine the effectiveness of the recommended procedures.
My research is divided into three parts,in which,the second is the most important one
Part One is the INTRODUCTION in which rationale , purposes , methods , scopes are presented
Part Two is the DEVELOPMENT that includes three chapters :
Chapter I is theoretical background which focuses on the defenitions , methods , procedures of translation in general,technical terms and definition of terms
Chapter II is an investigation on translation of technical terms in the interface of common business websites
Chapter III is the implications of my study
Part Three is the CONCLUSION which includes the summary of my study, experiences acquired and sugguestion for further study
PART TWO : DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER ONE : THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
Translation is a crucial yet challenging aspect for English learners, permeating various facets of life It plays an essential role in literature, culture, religion, commercial advertising, popular entertainment, public administration, international diplomacy, scientific research publications, judicial procedures, immigration, and education Consequently, there are numerous definitions and interpretations of translation, with many writers exploring this multifaceted subject This paper compiles various concepts of translation for further understanding.
The first definition is presented by Catford (1965: 20) He states that translation is the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language
Very much similar to this definition is that by Savory (1968: 37) who maintains that translation is made possible by an equivalent of thought that lies behind its different verbal expressions
Next, Nida and Taber (1959: 19) explained the process of translating as follows
“Translating consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.”
In Translation: Applications and Research, Brislin (1976: 1) defines translation as:
Translation is the process of transferring thoughts and ideas from one language to another, encompassing both written and spoken forms This process applies to languages with established orthographies as well as those without.
5 have such standardization or whether one or both languages is based on signs, as with sign languages of the deaf.”
Identical with the above definition is the one proposed by Pinhhuck (1977:
38) He maintains that "Translation is a process of finding a TL equivalent for an SL utterance"
In 1980, McGuire defined translation as the process of converting a source language (SL) text into a target language (TL) while maintaining a similar surface meaning and closely preserving the structure of the SL However, this preservation should not distort the structure of the TL.
Some scholars defined translation as an art / craft:
“Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message and/or statement in one language by the same message and/or statement in another language” (Newmark, 1981: 7)
Wills defines translation more or less similarly as follows
Translation is a process that transforms a written source language (SL) text into an equivalent target language (TL) text This process necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the SL's syntax, semantics, and pragmatics, along with analytical processing skills.
Finally, according to Bell, translation is
Translation involves converting a text from one language to another while preserving the original message's content, formal characteristics, and functional roles (Bell, 1991: xv).
Despite variations in expression, these definitions emphasize the importance of identifying the closest equivalent meaning by considering the target language's lexical and grammatical structures, the communication context, and cultural nuances This highlights the necessity of adapting translations to fit specific situations and audiences.
6 one language to another depends on translation types that will be show in the next part
Or sometimes translation is defined simply such as “a piece of writing or speech that has been translated from a different language.”
Translation can be approached through different methods, primarily focusing on whether to adopt a literal or free translation style The choice between these approaches depends on several factors, including the translation's purpose, the intended audience, and the type of text being translated.
