Enhancing speaking and listening skills through useful website for second year english majored students at thu dau mot university

INTRODUCTION

General introduction

Speaking is a productive skill that involves converting psychological concepts into linguistic forms to convey messages, while listening is a receptive skill focused on interpreting and understanding spoken language Both skills are essential for English learners aiming to master the target language Many students have turned to online resources to enhance their speaking and listening abilities However, with numerous websites available, selecting the most suitable ones can be challenging This article will explore how students can effectively utilize valuable websites to improve their language skills.

Research question

“Which websites are the most advantageous to improve your speaking as well as listening skill?”

The purpose of the research

This research identifies a variety of websites frequently used by English major students, creating a valuable resource list for newcomers in the field The aim is to support students in enhancing their speaking and listening skills effectively.

Significance of the research

The study aims to identify the most beneficial websites commonly utilized by English major students at Thu Dau Mot University to improve their speaking and listening skills Additionally, it will provide valuable resources for freshmen majoring in English, offering a range of essential websites for their reference.

OVERVIEW OF PREVIOUS WORK

Literature review

This study aimed to explore the impact of using a website and post-listening question techniques on enhancing speaking and listening skills in English, as well as to assess the attitudes of second-year English major students towards these two methods during the academic year.

In 2020, a study conducted at Thu Dau Mot University explored the theoretical foundations of listening and speaking skills, including definitions and personal insights on both concepts The research also reviewed a framework for assessing listening abilities and examined literature concerning listening comprehension questions Additionally, the study highlighted various research studies and online resources aimed at helping students enhance their English proficiency.

Definition

Marin Bygate (1987) emphasized the importance of speaking as a crucial skill that warrants as much focus as literary skills in both first and second languages He noted that learners must develop confidence in their speaking abilities to effectively engage in various transactions This skill not only serves as a key measure of their capabilities but also plays a significant role in their ability to form and maintain friendships.

In 1995, Nunan emphasized that speaking involves the ability to use oral language to express ideas, intentions, thoughts, and feelings effectively, ensuring clear communication and understanding by the listener Building on this, Kathleen M Bailey (2003) described speaking as a productive aural/oral skill, characterized by the systematic production of verbal utterances to convey meaning.

(2011) provided Bailey’s previous work with not only complication but also close relation between speaking and pronunciation

Speaking is defined by various experts in the field of language Harmer (2007) emphasizes that it involves fluency and the ability to process language in real-time, while Quianthy (1990) describes it as the oral transmission of ideas in diverse situations Nunan (in Kayi, 2006) highlights fluency as the quick and confident use of language with minimal unnatural pauses Additionally, Chaney (1998) notes that speaking encompasses the creation and sharing of meaning through verbal and nonverbal symbols across different contexts In conclusion, speaking is fundamentally the ability to articulate language and convey ideas effectively.

Speaking is the act of delivering language through vocal sounds produced by various parts of the body, including the lungs, vocal tract, vocal cords, tongue, teeth, and lips This form of communication typically involves at least one listener, and when multiple individuals engage in conversation, it is referred to as a "dialogue." Speech can occur naturally in dialogue or be planned and rehearsed for presentations or speeches Additionally, some individuals practice speaking alone, such as English learners who stand in front of a mirror to improve their skills.

Speaking can be formal or informal:

• Informal speaking is typically used with family and friends, or people you know well

• Formal speaking occurs in business or academic situations, or when meeting people for the first time

Speaking is the language skill that many learners aim to master quickly, and while it was once challenging to practice online, this has changed English learners can now enhance their speaking abilities through voice and video chat platforms like Skype, as well as by recording and sharing their voice for others to listen to.

Listening is an active cognitive process that involves constructing meaning from auditory information (Rivers, 1992) Purdy (1997) defines it as a dynamic engagement that includes attending, perceiving, interpreting, remembering, and responding to both verbal and nonverbal cues from others Anderson and Lynch (1988) emphasize that successful listening relies heavily on the listener's ability to activate their knowledge and apply it to comprehend the speaker's intent Kenneth C Petress (1999) highlights that listening skills can be developed and enhanced regardless of age or background, warning that neglecting these skills can lead to deterioration Tyagi (2013) further asserts that effective listening is essential for accurately receiving messages, underscoring the importance of both hearing and psychological engagement with the speaker.

Listening is an active process that involves receiving and responding to both spoken and unspoken messages This essential skill is a key focus in language arts education and is also explored within conversation analysis.

Listening is not just hearing what the other party in the conversation has to say

Listening involves actively engaging with the speaker, as highlighted by poet Alice Duer Miller, who contrasts passive listening to a blank wall with the enriching experience of an auditorium that amplifies every sound.

Author Marvin Gottlieb cites four elements "of good listening:

- Attention—the focused perception of both visual and verbal stimuli

- Hearing—the physiological act of 'opening the gates to your ears'

- Understanding—assigning meaning to the messages received

- Remembering—the storing of meaningful information" ("Managing Group Process." Praeger, 2003)

Effective listening encompasses four levels: acknowledging, sympathizing, paraphrasing, and empathizing These levels vary from passive to interactive listening The best listeners seamlessly integrate all four levels, demonstrating attention, interest, and a genuine effort to comprehend the speaker's message.

Listening is the process of receiving language through our ears, where we identify speech sounds and transform them into meaningful words and sentences It involves not only hearing individual sounds, such as letters, stress, rhythm, and pauses, but also using our brain to interpret these sounds into coherent messages.

Effective listening in any language demands concentration and is a skill that varies in difficulty among individuals Those who struggle with focus often find themselves as poor listeners, and this challenge is amplified when learning a second language Similar to infants, we acquire listening skills by engaging with those proficient in the language, which may include both native speakers and non-native speakers To enhance your listening abilities, it is crucial to expose yourself to a range of live and recorded voices, ensuring regular practice with diverse accents and speaking styles.

Factors

There are several factors having significantly effects on improving speaking as well as listening skill, such as:

Accent plays a vital part in studying English as it reflects social and educational background, together with unique interest of each individual Flege

In 1988, it was noted that speaking with a foreign accent can lead to various consequences for second language users, such as accent detection, reduced acceptability, decreased intelligibility, and negative evaluations Consequently, accents significantly influence communication, affecting both speakers and listeners.

Speed control plays a crucial role in both speaking and listening comprehension According to Underwood (1989), one of the main challenges in listening comprehension is the listener's inability to regulate the speaker's pace Furthermore, an appropriate speaking speed is essential for fostering fluent and smooth conversations, particularly when a speaker is providing instructions.

English learners often struggle to keep up with conversations due to a limited vocabulary When they encounter unfamiliar words, it can lead to pauses as they try to understand the meaning, causing them to miss subsequent parts of the discussion.

Overview of research

Vocabulary mastery begins with understanding the concept of a "word." According to Michael McCarthy (1990), a word is defined as a "free-standing item of language that has meaning," such as "eating," which contains the independently meaningful element "eat" and the suffix "-ing." Pyles and Algeo (1970) emphasize that our initial perception of language revolves around words, as they are the core of communication Words interlock sounds and meanings, enabling us to construct sentences, engage in conversations, and create various forms of discourse.

Vocabulary encompasses more than just single words; it includes phrases like "post office" and "mother-in-law," which convey a single concept According to Schmitt and McCarthy (1997), much of our vocabulary is learned through multi-word chunks, such as phrases, idioms, or proverbs Therefore, it is beneficial to refer to these as "vocabulary items" instead of simply "words" to capture the full range of language expressions.

Vocabulary knowledge plays a crucial role in second language acquisition, as highlighted by Bogards and Laufer (2004), who note the significant advancements made in understanding vocabulary's impact on learning foreign languages The increasing focus on L2 vocabulary underscores its importance in effective language learning and communication.

"a neglected aspect of language learning" (Meara, 1980) has also been reflected in authored and edited books specifically devoted to vocabulary"

Michael West (1930: 514) stressed that "the primary thing in leaning a language is the acquisition of a vocabulary, and practice in using it" McCarthy stated that

Vocabulary is the most crucial element of any language course, as emphasized by McCarthy (1990) Mastery of grammar and pronunciation is insufficient for effective communication in a second language (L2) if students lack a robust vocabulary to convey diverse meanings Linguist Paul Nation highlights the importance of vocabulary in facilitating meaningful interactions in language learning.

A rich vocabulary is essential for enhancing the skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing in a foreign language When learners are confident in their spelling, pronunciation, and contextual use of words, they can focus on more complex language aspects, such as constructing precise sentences and using appropriate expressions Therefore, a student's proficiency in any language is closely linked to the extent and richness of their vocabulary, making vocabulary instruction a crucial component of language syllabi As a result, vocabulary teaching should be systematic and regular The topic of second language vocabulary acquisition has gained significant interest among researchers, educators, and curriculum designers involved in language learning and teaching.

Many students struggle with words that have similar meanings and pronunciations Utilizing websites can greatly assist them in grasping the meanings of these words and improving their pronunciation skills.

Related research

Numerous studies have evaluated the benefits of websites in enhancing students' English skills Gottwald (2002) identified areas for improvement in existing second language research websites Meanwhile, Kung and Chuo (2002) explored the potential of ESL/EFL websites to complement classroom instruction Murray and Reagan (2003) compiled resources for students and teachers, creating a list of companion websites for English-as-a-Second-Language textbooks Additionally, Nicholas, Debski, and Lagerberg (2004) developed an online tool for individual spelling practice, assessing students' performance on specific spelling rules Smidt and Hegelheimer (2004) examined how authentic web-delivered videos can enhance ESL online instruction and support vocabulary acquisition and listening comprehension.

A study by 2006 examined an online discussion group for a computer-assisted language learning course, revealing interaction patterns and participant attitudes towards computer-mediated communication (CMC), which generated various ideas to enhance English learners' skills Additionally, Yip and Kwan (2006) explored the effectiveness of online games in vocabulary learning for undergraduates, focusing on their speaking and listening potential Furthermore, Furukawa (2007) demonstrated how the SSS (Start with Simple Stories) Website helped individual learners improve their English communication skills through extensive reading.

Conclusion

The reviewed literature highlights that implementing differentiated instruction leads to significant improvements in students' academic achievement, despite the need for more lesson preparation time, increased student responsibility, and additional district resources It emphasizes that the benefits of enhanced student performance can outweigh these challenges Teachers can tailor lessons by guiding students to appropriate resources and varying the content, learning methods, and demonstration of knowledge based on readiness, interests, and learning profiles The findings suggest that differentiated instruction increases student engagement and performance in both classroom settings and standardized tests While there are concerns, the literature asserts that with careful planning and adequate support and training from districts, differentiated instruction can be highly beneficial.

PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION

METHODOLOGY

To gather data, we utilized questionnaires and interviews, ensuring the results would be accurate and applicable for second-year English major students to consider and implement in their studies.

The study aimed to explore the use of various websites by English major students in class D18AV07 at Thu Dau Mot University to enhance their second language skills A total of thirty-four respondents were interviewed to identify which websites they believed were most effective in improving their speaking and listening abilities.

In the second semester of the 2020 academic year, data was collected from English major students in class D19AV07 at Thu Dau Mot University A tailored questionnaire was distributed to each student, allowing them to answer various questions and provide relevant information Concurrently, the researcher conducted interviews to identify which websites significantly contributed to the students' learning process, particularly in enhancing their speaking and listening skills The interview data was recorded, translated into English, and organized to create a list of popular educational websites.

The study involved two types of questionnaires for English major students in class D19AV07, each featuring five statements Following this, a semi-structured interview was conducted to identify popular and effective websites for enhancing speaking and listening skills During the interview, students shared their experiences using these websites, providing valuable insights This format also enabled the researcher to adjust and add relevant questions to gather comprehensive information about the advantages of these online resources for practicing English listening skills.

Students overwhelmingly agree that utilizing websites for practicing listening skills significantly enhances not only their listening abilities but also fosters autonomous learning strategies The convenience of accessing these resources anytime and anywhere, outside the classroom, is a major advantage According to questionnaire and interview findings, students highlighted three key benefits: first, the ease of practicing listening skills through diverse topics available on various websites, which saves time and eliminates the need to source materials from libraries or bookstores Second, these platforms enable students to discover effective learning strategies independently, allowing them to revisit listening materials and identify challenges with the aid of transcripts This practice is particularly beneficial in preparing for English listening tests, promoting an autonomous learning environment Finally, students reported notable improvements in their English skills overall, including listening, pronunciation, speaking, reading, and vocabulary acquisition, as they engage with native speakers' audio and practice mimicking sounds and intonation.

Students face several challenges when using websites to practice their listening skills, primarily due to personal limitations, lack of background knowledge, and technical issues Many students do not have access to personal computers or do not frequently visit places like libraries or internet cafes, which restricts their ability to practice outside the classroom Additionally, students with busy schedules, including coursework and extracurricular activities, often miss opportunities to enhance their listening skills Furthermore, those who attempt to use these websites report difficulties stemming from insufficient background knowledge, as they struggle to understand native speakers' fast-paced intonation and pronunciation Compounding these issues, technical problems such as slow-loading websites and complicated interfaces deter students from effectively utilizing online resources Overall, many students express the need for guidance from teachers or peers to navigate these challenges and find appropriate materials for improving their listening skills.

A significant challenge faced by students is their limited vocabulary, as highlighted by their responses Many struggle to memorize English terms and apply derivation rules effectively In fact, 13 out of 20 students (27.08%) reported difficulties related to their vocabulary in the classroom One student expressed this issue succinctly, stating, "When I try to make a conversation with another, the problem of a limited vocabulary faces me."

Many students experience negative emotions such as confusion, worry, embarrassment, shyness, and a lack of confidence, which adversely affect their oral communication performance In a study, 8 out of 20 participants (16.66%) reported struggling with these feelings in the classroom For instance, one student expressed, "Sometimes, I feel confused because I feel afraid of using wrong words," highlighting the impact of these emotions on their learning experience.

Many students struggle with incorrect English grammar, often misusing sentence structures during conversations Common issues include mismatched verb forms with subjects or tenses and sentences lacking verbs A survey revealed that 7 out of 20 students (14.58%) reported difficulties with grammar in the classroom For instance, one student stated, "I suffered from weakness in using English language rules."

A knowledge test for the variable 'Speaking' was developed based on a literature review and expert input from language teaching and information technology professionals Following validation, the speaking test was administered to both experimental and control groups before and after an educational intervention to assess student knowledge on a 44-point scale and explore the relationship between variables Additionally, a WhatsApp pedagogical questionnaire was exclusively given to the experimental group to evaluate their unique educational experience Data was organized and analyzed using Microsoft Excel, which facilitated the presentation of frequency distributions, percentages, and descriptive statistics in table format The hypothesis was tested using the Student’s t-test, establishing the acceptance and rejection regions for the null hypothesis based on theoretical and calculated t values.

The study found that WhatsApp usage does not impact the English speaking skills of ESPOCH students The diagnostic phase involved careful planning, execution, and evaluation of training sessions, which were structured around specific modules addressing various topics Each module included key components such as the topic, relevant skills, preferred learning styles, and the designated time and period for instruction.

The article outlines the development of six lesson plans based on the TOEIC test and three lesson plans for the KET exam, targeting A2 level learners Each plan incorporates specific objectives, materials, technological resources, and required applications, while also addressing prior knowledge needed and potential difficulties The lesson plans are structured using tables that detail the speaking activities aligned with the TOEIC and KET frameworks, complete with corresponding rubrics and evaluation guides Additionally, a comprehensive workbook accompanies these lesson plans, providing a clear process for the speaking activities outlined.

The implementation of the KET parameters involved the development of specific rubrics and evaluation guides Additionally, a comprehensive workbook was created to complement the lesson plans, focusing on the 13 speaking questions integrated within them.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

A recent survey revealed a notable increase in the number of students utilizing websites to improve their speaking and listening skills The findings indicated that these valuable online resources greatly motivated English major students to achieve significant progress in their studies With clear statistics gathered from questionnaires and interviews, the researcher compiled a list of popular websites for further reference.

The survey results indicate the effectiveness of using specific websites to enhance speaking and listening skills among second-year English major students at Thu Dau Mot University.

The survey link was emailed to all students in D18AV07, beginning with a consent form followed by the survey questions, ensuring that no identifying information was required from participants Out of 35 potential respondents, 26 completed the survey, resulting in a 74% response rate Table 1 illustrates the frequency of differentiated instruction usage among participants, providing valuable insights into the validity of their responses and the basis for their answers.

Following the survey, an email was sent inviting volunteers for 15-30 minute interviews regarding the effectiveness of websites in enhancing speaking and listening skills for second-year English majors at Thu Dau Mot University Out of 35 potential participants, 26 engaged, with 10 volunteering for interviews Tailored questions aimed to explore the effectiveness, benefits, drawbacks, and usage of these websites All participants signed consent forms, and interviews were conducted in convenient locations, lasting approximately 15-20 minutes Afterward, responses were typed and emailed back for verification, with similar themes grouped for analysis while maintaining anonymity The first question asked which websites were most beneficial for improving speaking and listening skills Six participants highlighted specific websites as effective, with four noting their suitability for individual student needs and two emphasizing the importance of adequate planning time One participant acknowledged limited experience but recognized the potential effectiveness if implemented properly.

The importance of websites in speaking and listening improvement

A significant number of English major students in class D18AV07 found that utilizing websites effectively improved their language skills and contributed to their academic success Notably, they experienced considerable progress in pronunciation and intonation, which greatly enhanced their speaking abilities Additionally, they observed improvements in their listening comprehension during this process.

They were keenly aware of the diverse sources of practical information, which motivated them to visit multiple websites in search of appropriate English proficiency levels.

The survey analyzed teachers' opinions on the effectiveness of differentiated instruction in the English classroom, ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree The responses were categorized into five distinct groups, highlighting the varying perspectives on this instructional approach.

In a recent survey, 60% of students reported that the use of websites significantly enhanced their understanding of lessons and improved their English pronunciation This data was analyzed to evaluate the perceived effectiveness of online resources in education Additionally, interviews were conducted to explore how students formed their opinions about the effectiveness of these websites, with responses categorized and corresponding percentages assigned to each group.

Table 1 The importance of websites in speaking and listening improvement

Students’ opinions about speaking and listening improvement through websites

Data from Table 2 indicates that the majority of students have effectively utilized websites to enhance their English speaking and listening skills, making these platforms essential tools for language learners Students in class D18AV07 particularly noted the diverse range of information available online, which allowed them to apply various techniques in their studies A key factor contributing to their continued use of these resources is the regular update of materials, enabling ongoing improvement in their skills However, some students have yet to see progress, potentially due to not finding suitable websites or using resources that do not match their proficiency levels.

The choices of the students

1 Websites are very important to my

2 I believe that websites provide me with a wide range of techniques to enhance speaking and listening skill

3 I am able to apply many techniques from websites to reality

4 I make much progress by using websites to study

5 I am going to upgrade my speaking and listening English through useful websites for a long time

Table 2 Attitudes towards speaking and listening improvement through websites

In conclusion, students provided a highly positive evaluation of the importance of enhancing their speaking and listening skills They recognized the need to adapt their study methods to achieve their language learning goals Additionally, they identified appropriate websites for their proficiency levels and consistently utilized these resources to further develop their skills.

Students’ recommendations on effective websites

The interview data revealed significant enhancements in students' language skills, with many learners recommending specific websites that aided their studies Notably, https://www.britishcouncil.vn/ emerged as a top choice due to its diverse range of resources catering to children, teenagers, and adults, making it particularly useful for those interested in the British accent and IELTS preparation Additionally, learners valued https://www.newsinlevels.com/ for its structured lessons featuring three difficulty levels, complete with transcripts and definitions of challenging vocabulary.

This website provides a diverse range of topics, allowing students to enhance their speaking and listening skills while gaining new insights For further exploration, it is recommended to visit https://www.ted.com/#/.

1 There are websites which help you correct your pronunciation and intonation

2 There are websites which help you improve listening comprehension

3 Websites consist of useful materials for you to improve your speaking and listening

4 You visit websites frequently to practice speaking and listening English

5 Using websites to improve speaking and listening skill is effective and convenient

32 2 0 0 0 1.05 brought students a lot of experience through hot issues, they could find out various specific vocabulary as well as getting knowledge outside their countries

Students 1: “I highly recommend https://www.britishcouncil.vn/ for those who wants to improve their speaking and also listening.”

Student 2: “I’m interested in visiting https://www.newsinlevels.com/ to listen English, then practice my speaking skill as well.”

Student 3: “I love https://www.ted.com/#/ , this website is actually fantastic to improve both speaking and listening.”

Table 3 Examples of interview data about websites that English students major recommend

In conclusion, three highly recommended websites by English major students at D18AV07 have proven to enhance speaking and listening skills These platforms not only facilitate language improvement but also provide a relaxing way for students to explore new experiences through practical resources.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Conclusion

Both speaking and listening are essential skills that students must diligently work to improve This study explores students' perspectives on how they effectively utilized various websites to enhance their speaking and listening comprehension Analysis of interview data highlights the significant impact of these online resources on skill development Students reported that engaging in this survey was both relevant and beneficial, as it allowed them to apply their language skills and social knowledge Furthermore, they acknowledged that the research increased their awareness of their English proficiency and helped them address weaknesses in both speaking and listening skills.

The study explored students' attitudes toward applying techniques from various websites in real-life situations, highlighting their recommendations for the best resources As a result, students gained confidence in expressing their thoughts, feelings, and opinions while speaking, thanks to their thorough preparation To enhance their listening skills, students regularly practiced independently using online platforms This research aims to motivate English learners to excel in their target language and boosts their confidence in using English both inside and outside the classroom Additionally, it allows students to expand their knowledge and skills while engaging with modern technology, enabling them to express themselves flexibly and creatively.

Recommendations

Utilizing websites offers significant advantages for improving second language skills, particularly for English learners who can choose resources tailored to their proficiency levels This personalized approach enables learners to effectively enhance their English abilities Web-based learning serves as a dynamic interactive platform, enriching learners' knowledge while ensuring both the quantity and quality of language input and output However, it requires students to be patient, diligent, and self-disciplined to keep up with new resources Researchers suggest that further studies be conducted at various universities to explore different methods and strategies for improving speaking skills through websites They also encourage students to leverage modern social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp to further develop their speaking abilities.

In addition to the three websites previously mentioned, English major students can explore other user-friendly platforms that cater to their proficiency levels It is essential to compile a list of beneficial websites for freshmen who may struggle with their second language skills English learners should also be aware that many websites lack comprehensive vocabulary resources and transcripts for listening comprehension Therefore, they should consider utilizing reputable international websites to enhance their language skills effectively.

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Thank you for your assistance in completing this questionnaire, which will aid in my research paper focused on websites that improve speaking and listening skills Please indicate your level of agreement with each statement by circling the number that best reflects your opinion If you wish to revise your response, simply cross out your initial choice and circle a new one.

I am looking for honest answers so that my research results can be reliable and used for reference

Table 4 The importance of websites in speaking and listening improvement