Unit 1: LOCAL ENVIRONMENT LANGUAGE FOCUS Grammar  Complex Sentences  Phrasal verbs Phonetics  Stress on content words in sentences GRAMMAR I COMPLEX SENTENCES (CÂU PHỨC) Câu phức câu có mệnh đề (main clause hay cịn gọi independent clause - mệnh đề độc lập) hay nhiều mệnh đề phụ (dependent clause) (nhưng thường mệnh đề phụ) Hai mệnh đề thường nối với dấu phẩy liên từ phụ thuộc (independent conjunctions) Mệnh đề tương phản (dependent clauses of concession) Mệnh đề tương phản mệnh đề phụ tương phản hai hành động câu Mệnh đề thường bắt đầu liên từ: though, although, even though (dù, mặc dù, cho dù) Nó kết không mong đợi Although / Though/ Even though + subject +verb Ex: Although the weather was very bad, we had a wonderful holiday Mặc dù thời tiết xấu, chúng tơi có kỳ nghỉ tuyệt vời Though they lack official support, they continue their struggle Dù cho họ khơng quyền ủng hộ, họ tiếp tục đấu tranh Even though you dislike Jessica, you should try to be nice to her Dù anh khơng thích Jessica, anh nên cố tử tế với cô Mệnh đề mục đích (dependent clauses of purpose) Mệnh đề phụ mục đích mệnh đề phụ dùng để mục đích hành động mệnh đề Mệnh đề phụ mục đích thường bắt đầu so that order that Ex: The artisan moulded the clay so that he could make a mask Người thợ đúc khuôn đất sét cho ông làm mặt nạ He left home early in order that he might arrive on time Anh khỏi nhà sớm để anh tới Mệnh đề phụ lý (dependent clauses of reason) Mệnh đề phụ lý mệnh đề phụ lý nguyên nhân hành động nêu mệnh đề Mệnh đề phụ lý thường nối với mệnh đề liên từ: because, since hay as (do, vì, vì) Because/ Since/ As/ Seeing that + subject +verb Ex: He came ten minutes late because he missed the bus Anh ta đến muộn mười phút bị nhỡ xe buýt Since it was too dark to go on, we camped there Chúng cắm trại trời q tối khơng thể tiếp As you weren’t there, I left a message Vì anh khơng có nến tơi để lại lời nhắn Seeing (that) the weather was bad, they didn’t take part in the trip Bởi thời tiết xấu, họ không tham gia chuyến Mệnh đề phụ thời gian (dependent clauses of time) Mệnh đề phụ thời gian mệnh đề phụ nối với mệnh để liên từ when, while, after, before, as soon as, Ex: When I have free time, I usally go to the museum Khi tơi có thời gian rảnh rỗi, tơi thường đến viện bảo tàng II PHRASAL VERBS (CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ) Cụm động từ (phrasal verbs) động từ kết hợp với trạng từ (adverb) giới từ (preposition), hai, để tạo thành động từ thường có nghĩa đặc biệt Ex: come in (vào trong), take off (cởi ra), look forward to (mong chờ) Một số cụm động từ có nghĩa rõ ràng dễ hiểu nghĩa chúng dựa nghĩa thường dùng động từ trạng từ giới từ Ex: Would you like to come in and have a drink? Anh vào nhà uống chút nhé? The man in front turned round and stared at me Người đàn ơng phía trước quay lại nhìn tơi chằm chằm Tuy nhiên phần lớn cụm động từ (verb + adverb) thường có nghĩa đặc biệt- khác hẳn nghĩa từ riêng rẽ cụm Ex: We had to put off the meeting till Tuesday Chúng tơi phải hỗn buổi họp mặt đến thứ Ba [Nghĩa từ put off không giống nghĩa từ put off] Could you look after the kids while I’m out? Có thể trông giúp bọn trẻ vắng nhà không? [Nghĩa từ look after không giống nghĩa từ look after] Một số cụm động từ có nhiều nghĩa Ex: The bomb went off Quả bom phát nổ The lights went off last night Tối qua đèn bị tắt The milk went off this morning Sáng sữa bị chua PRONUNCIATION Stress on content words in sentences Trọng âm từ câu Trong văn nói tiếng Anh, loại từ sau thường nhấn mạnh: động từ chính, danh từ, trạng từ, từ để hỏi, trợ động từ nghi vấn (ví dụ từ don’t) Những loại từ đại từ, giới từ, liên từ, tính từ sở hữu, động từ be (thậm chí làm động từ câu) trợ động từ thông thường không nhấn mạnh EXERCISES I PHONETICS Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined Read the words aloud A artisan A weave A handicraft A attraction A drumhead B attraction B treat B lacquerware B artisan B illustration C cast C thread C artisan C frame C earplug D craft D team D surface D handicraft D drugstore Find the word which has a different position of the main stress in each line A craftsman A lacquerware A attraction B layer B absolute B craftsman C sculpture C pollution C lacquerware D preserve D permanent D sculpture A embroider A pottery B publish B village C remind C experience D preserve D product II VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR Label each of the following pictures with an appropirate word/ phrase from the box lantern pottery lacquerwave conical hat drum painting marble sculpture silk carving knitting _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 _ Fill in the blank with one suitable word from the box knitting moulding lacquerware casting over conical sculpture artisan weave embroidered Jane is him a sweater for Christmas There are a lot of long-standing workshops in Binh Duong They have just ordered a marble of President Ho Chi Minh Her two daughters enjoy the dough into different shapes The women shut themselves behind doors to their cloth The bai tho hat was first made in Tay Ho village, Hue My father will take the craft workshop when my grandpa retires To become a professional , a trainee must work hard in more than twenty years Foreign tourists prefer to buy handpictures as presents for their family 10 They work in an iron workshop Give the correct form of the word in CAPITALS to complete each of the following sentences There are a lot of silk _such as scarves, ties PRODUCE and dresses in our shop Bat Trang is one of the most famous _craft TRADITION villages in Ha Noi We should read this leaflet to see what _ ACT are organized during the festival They showed me a marble sculpture which was SKILL _made by hand I’m going to buy a new _ rug because the WEAVE current one is old Everyone knows that DongHo is atraditional PAINT _village Learning how to weave a basket is a _ MEMORY experience for me Do you know that _have to follow 15 ART stages to make a conical hat Fill in the blank space in each sentence with and, but, so, or, because, therefore, however Polly’s watch was broken _she borrowed mine My family went to Africa _we wanted to study the wild animals Melissa tried to read the book _she couldn’t understand it She isn’t English _, she speaks English perfectly They went to the town _ bought a lot of clothes The road was under water _, the police closed it to traffic The air is polluted _ I haven’t got a car _I’ve got a motorbike Study harder _you will fail the coming exam 10 She’s working late next Friday _she can’t come to the party 11 Would you like some water _some fruit juice? 12 I was hungry _didn’t eat on the plane The food didn’t look appetizing 13 We wanted to go to the beach _, it started to rain _we stayed at home 14 Someone switched the freezer off _ all the food was spoilt 15 The water in the river is polluted, we can’t go swimming Complete the sentences with suitable subordinators from the box although as soon as because before so that while Laura always gets up early every morning she’s not late for her work Mr Harrison seems to have a lot of money he lives in a luxurious house I saw some foreign tourists I was waiting for the bus They didn’t win the game they played very well The children are very excited they’re going to visit a craft village this weekend We will tell Alice about the trip we meet her it rained a lot, they enjoyed their holiday I bought a new pair of glasses I can see better I go out tonight, I will have to finish this essay 10 Phong burnt his hand he was cooking dinner Work out the meaning of these phrasal verbs and put them in the right sentences: come back, get off, fall over, get on, go away, throw away, pay back, let in, lie down, put off, stay in, turn up, cross out, go off, take back I didn’t have a key, but luckily someone was there to let me in Cant we go out somewhere? I don’t want to all evening Could you lend me ten pounds? I’ll you on Friday The sidewalk is very icy Be careful so you don’t I was feeling so tired I had to on the bed for a while I saw Martin the bus and go straight home Mark’s gone out, and I don’t know when he is going to The driver unlocked the coach so that the passengers were able to I’ll have to these books to the library 10 Your brother was being a nuisance, so I told him to 11 Don’t that box We can use it again 12 If you make a mistake on the form, just it 13 I cant hear the radio Could you it a little? 14 I was late for school this morning because my alarm clock didn’t 15 Never until tomorrow what you can today Complete the dialogues, using the correct form of the phrasal verbs in the box look after keep up take off turn off fill in see off turn up look up give up run out try on break down A: What shall I with this form? B: Just fill it in and send it to the address at the top A: Is Sonia a fast runner? B: Oh, yes Nobody else can with her A: Why didn’t you buy a dictionary? B: The bookstore has of them A: Is Kathy going to Australia tomorrow? B: Yes, I’m going to the airport to her A: Would you like to go to the movies with us? B: I’d love to but I have to my youngest sister A: You’re late again B: I’m sorry My car on the way here A: Why don’t you that dress in the window? B: No I don’t like its color A: Have you got Tamara’s phone number? B: No But if you want to know, you can it in the phone book A: Hello, Tom B: Hello, Michelle Nice to see you Come in and your coat 10 A: You shouldn’t leave the television on all night B: Sorry, I forgot I usually it before going to bed 11 A: Have you met Jane yet? B: No I arranged to meet her after work but she didn’t 12 A: So how long is it since you smoking? B: Well, I stopped smoking three years ago Fill in the blank with one suitable preposition or adverb You look tired Sit and have a cup of tea I’m looking yesterdays newspaper Did you throw it ? Could I try these shoes, please? Size nine Turn the music It’s too loud! I turned the radio and listened to the six o’clock news I used to smoke, but I gave it last year Just go with what you were doing Pick your litter! Don’t drop it on the street! Don’t worry about the baby I’ll look her while you’re out 10 I’m looking to meeting her very much 11 Who you take the most, your father or your mother? 12 I ran an old friend in the street this morning 13 “How yo u spell this word? ” “I’m not sure You’d better look it in your dictionary 14 Look ! The car is coming! 15 The show was called because of the rain Choose the best answer It is very noisy the radio A Put off B Turn on C Turn off D Keen on She sat down and the TV She usually watches film on TV at night A put on B turn on C turned on D turn out They were the fire when the firemen came A turning out B turning off C turn on D turn out What is she ? A looked after B looking for C looking D looks up They are so old that they should be A looked up B looked for C looked at D looked after If you don’t know the meaning of the word, you can it in the dictionary A look at B look for C look out D look up Now, your books! A look at B look for C look after D look up Although it is so late, she working A goes after B goes on C goes out D going on Would you like to the games with us? A take part in B take down C take off D take in 10 The plane has just Oh, we were late A taken off B taken away C took off D aken over 11 When I retire, I will chess A take up B take in C look for D look after 12 You shouldn’t too many duties A take on B take over C take in D take up 13 Have you your mind? A decided B made of C made up D turn up 14 It isn’t the truth I have just the story A made over B made up C had created D made out 15 Could you lend me some money? I have money A run off B run after C run out of D run on III READING COMPREHENSION Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question Recently, we made a trip to visit Dong Ho village with a desire to meet the old artisan - Nguyen Huu Sam Just when we arrived at the dyke in the village and talked with the villagers about the artisan, they intimately told us about him The old house owned by the artisan is situated in a long alley of the village On the walls of the house there are many folk paintings in different genres, from daily life paintings to landscape paintings shown in a set of “four seasons” and "four times" Mr Sam told us about his past When he was three years old, he was instructed in the craft of making Dong Ho paintings by his father At five, he could help his father apply the Dong Ho paintings, and learn how to print the paper with proper colours At seven, he was able to draw with a pen and make the most difficult samples Years went by and the soul of Dong Ho folk paintings has kept seashell powder paint to the poonah-paper In the 1940s, this craft flourished At that time, he was assigned by his parents to take the paintings to the market for sale Mr Sam said that 17 families in the village have been engaged in making Dong Ho paintings Artisan Sam has always been devoted to the making of Dong Ho paintings and has waited for opportunities to restore this traditional craft In 1967, when the local authorities assigned him to restore the traditional genre of Dong Ho folk paintings, he gathered 50 villagers with professional skills and collected hundreds of woodblocks to establish the Dong Ho Painting Cooperative Thanks to his efforts, such famous paintings as “Rat’s wedding”, “Rooster”, “Scene of jealousy” and “Writing verses about precious flowers” have been revived Dong Ho paintings have been available in many parts of the world such as Japan, France, Germany, Singapore and the United States The themes of Dong Ho paintings are about A landscapes B weddings C various aspects of life D animals and flowers In order to make Dong Ho paintings, we need seashell powder paint, the poonah-paper and A proper colours B water C markets D woodblocks From paragraph 3, we can infer that when Mr Sam was very young, he mostly helped his parents by A applying the woodblocks with proper paints and pressing them on sheets of paper B applying seashell powder to make various paints for painting making C drawing with a pen and using proper paints to make many copies of paintings D collecting and taking the paintings to the market for sale All of the following can be inferred about the artisan - Mr Sam – EXCEPT that A he is popular in the village B he could paint when he was three C he keeps a collection of Dong Ho paintings in his house D he local authorities tried to revive the traditional craft In the writers opinions, the future of Dong Ho paintings is A international B concerning C optimistic D negative Read the text and choose the answer (A, B, C or D) that best completes each gap Thanh Tien, a village in Phu Mau Commune, Phu Vang District, is located about 10 kilometers from the centre of Hue city, (1) the ancient town of Bao Vinh The village is famous for its traditional (2) of making paper flowers Local artisans skillfully make paper flowers of different types (3) lotuses, roses, orchids, apricots, chrysanthemums, roses, gerberas, and dahlias, and of a wide range of colours Around lunar October villagers begin making these paper flowers They have to prepare bamboo sticks, paper and dying materials Sometimes they (4) to mix colours to create colours of their own wish that can satisfy their passion and imagination for the type of flowers they want to make From mid lunar December when Tet is (5) the corner, colourful paper flowers can be seen on many streets of Hue People use paper flowers (6) regiousand decoration purposes These days though fresh flowers are preferred, paper flowers (7) an integral part in the spiritual life of many Hue people, who reserve a special place for these flowers on their ancestors’ altar Making paper flowers not only provides an additional (8) of income for local resident, but also is an art (9) has been revived by passionate local artisans It is this art that (10) Thanh Tien a not-to-be-missed destination for tourists who come to Hue A front □ B opposite □ C face □ D next A job □ B profession □ C skill □ D craft A such as □ B for example □ C instead of □ D so that A must □ B will □ C use □ D have A around □ B near □ C next □ D beside A in □ B for □ C with □ D on A stay □ B leave □ C be □ D remain A source □ B way □ C means □ D method A who □ B whom □ C that □ D where 10 A becomes □ B gets □ C makes □ D does IV WRITING Reorder the words to make a meaningful sentences my/ carpets/ living/ wove/ young/,/ grandma/ she/ for/ When/ a/ gloves/ school/ cold/,/ usually/ time/ knit/ is/ for/ their/ areas/ mums/ In/ when/ children/ it/ not/ difficult/ how/ mould/ they/ know/ could/ clay/ did/ into/I/ shapes/ the/ carved/ eggshells/ over/ Look/ are/!/ exquisitely/ there/ The/ and/1/ hard/ only/ cast/ think/ iron/ can/ work/ because/ it/ heavy/ men/ is/ Make one sentence from two Use the word(s) in brackets I’m no better I’ve taken the pill (Even though) I told the absolute truth No one would believe me (but) He didn’t notice the sign It was right in front of him (though) Jason was very tired He leant back and closed his eyes (because) I’m learning French I like learning French (and) You can’t speak to Tim at the moment He’s sleeping (so) Nobody would recognize him He wore glasses and false beard (so that) Nick had nowhere to go He slept on the park bench (since) He will stay in England for two months more He can perfect his English (in order that) 10 There is nothing to eat We have to go shopping today (as) Your pen pal is visiting Ha Noi next week Write him/ her an email (100 words) to give information about Ha Noi and things to there Dear Anna, TEST FOR UNIT I Choose the word that has the different stress from the others A conical B lacquerware C specific D handicraft A artisan B attraction C engineer D souvenir A embroider B tablecloth C handkerchief D pottery A sculpture B marble C bracelet D remind A famous B village C workshop D bamboo A business B experience C grandparent D chocolate A generation B communicate C historical D environment A embroider B department C handicraft D opinion A artifact B embroider C carpentry D conical 10 A complicated B experience C prosperity D traditional II Fill each blank with a word/ phrase in the box pottery knitted conical hat silk craftsmen lacquerware tailors carved paintings mould I like these Dong Ho They remind me of my childhood I like to wear this scarf on winter days My mother it for me many years ago Last month, my father went to Hue and he bought a very nice for my mother People who skillfully things with their hands are My aunt owns a shop on Pham Ngu Lao street, which sells scarves, ‘ao dai’, dresses and skirts Those days in my region, products such as flower vases, bowls and dishes are more popular than plastic products of the same kinds has been popular in Japan Tailor scissors made by blacksmith artisans in Hien Luong village, Hue are still favoured by skilled from different parts of the country My brother is a talented man He this statue out of wood 10 If you go to Ngu Xa village in Ha Noi, you can see the artisans bronze things III Put the words in brackets into the right forms to complete the sentences The artists in Bat Trang village often change the design copper to make many (ATTRACT) of their products more customers Van Phuc village in Ha Noi different types (PRODUCE) of skill products such as cloth, ties, dresses, shirts and scarves These products are called lacquerware because they are (DECORATE) covered with lacquer My father likes this vase very much It’s (LOVE) a piece of his ancient pottery In the old days, almost all grown-up girls in this village (TRADITION) learnt how to make these hats These baskets are from strips of bamboo (WEAVE) These fully craftsmen amazed me with (TALENT) their products When tourists come to a specific place, many of them (REMIND) choose to buy crafts as souvenirs to them of the place they have been to The place has a rich long-standing (HISTORY) 10 These live mainly on farming and making (VILLAGE) incenses when crops are over IV Underline the correct adverb or preposition It is sunny You should put on/ off/ up your hat You shouldn’t get on/ off/ up after 5:00 AM because you will be late The tie goes with/ over/ through the shirt We couldn’t get out/ out of/ off the house because we didn’t have the key My father tried to give out/ up/ off smoking but he hasn’t been successful Please turn off/ on/ up the light when you leave the room Please fill in/ up/ off the form and post it as soon as possible The flight was called in/ on/ off due to the storm After graduation she set up/ off/for a fashion business in a quiet suburb of London 10 Unexpectedly he turned up/ down/ off with a bunch of flowers for Jane and then left V Complete each of the following sentences using the correct form of a ị phrasal verb from the box turn off look after look up turn on give up put off take off get up live on set off My sister is an early bird She at o’clock every day of the week We’ll for Tay Ho village at o’clock and arrive at 10 o’clock When I was a student, I small allowances from my parents We use a dictionary to words' meaning And what else? TV It’s time we watched o’clock news 10 F understanding of or information about a subject that you get by experience or study G the job or series of the jobs that you during your working life, especially if you continue to theory get better jobs and earn more money certificate H a particular way of doing something L an ability to an activity or job well, especially profession because you have practised it J a formal set of ideas that is intended to explain 10 method why something happens or exists Match each job in box A with a place in box B More than once answer may be possible career A B cashier cook dentist bank cockpit field farmer hairdresser librarian mechanic miner musician photographer receptionist pilot vicar waiter porter garage hotel concert studio kitchen office surgery hall restaurant coal-mine salon church library cashier / bank Match each job from the box with the sentence which best refers to the job accountant refuse chef collector estate firefighter agent carpenter plumber vet Yesterday I had to give an injection to an injured bull I get rather tired of picking up rubbish all day I can help you sell your house I can make new doors for the wardrobe if you like Make sure that the fish is fresh by looking at the eyes I’ll come round and replace all the pipes in the kitchen Unless you keep the receipts you’ll pay more tax The cause was either an electrical fault or a cigarette Give the correct form of the word in CAPITALS to complete each of the following sentences My parents have me to focus on social sciences and COURAGE humanities The number of in the company has trebled over the EMPLOY past decade His explanation about why he became a biologist did not CURIOUS satisfy my at all My sister is and she wants to become a fashion designer ART The possible career paths in education can be to become ADMINSTER teachers, education or curriculum developers You should choose a job that is based on your and ABLE your likes 191 Stephen Hawking is one of the greatest of all time PHYSICS His study on the Bing Bang is famous all over the world You will never get a good job if you don’t have any QUALIFY Recent advances in science mean that many fatal MEDICINE diseases can now be cured 10 Although many people have some interest in history, few of HISTORY them decide to become Which verb form is correct? a Passing the kitchen, he stopped drinking / to drink a large glass of water b They stopped talking / to talk when the teacher walked into the classroom a Although she asked him to stop, he went on tapping / to tap his pen on the table b Dr Harris welcomed the members of the committee and went on introducing / to introduce the subject of the meeting a I regret telling / to tell you that the model you want is out of stock b Is cost me a fortune, but I don’t regret spending / to spend a year travelling around the world a Remember checking / to check your answer before handing in your exam paper b I remember putting / to put the money in the top drawer, but it’s not there now a Have you forgotten meeting / to meet me years ago? b Don’t forget finding out / to find out how many people are coming on Saturday a I tried getting / to get the table through the door, but it was too big b I tried taking / to take some aspirin, but the pain didn’t go away a He needs working / to work harder if he wants to make progress b It’s difficult problem It needs thinking / to think about very carefully a I think Nick meant breaking/ to break that glass It didn’t look like an accident b If we want to get there by 7.00, that means getting / to get up before 5.00 a Can you help me getting / to get dinner ready? b He looks so funny Whenever I see him, I can’t help smiling / to smile 10 a I’d advise taking / to take more exercise b I’d advise you taking / to take more exercise Put the verb into correct form: infinitive, to-infinitive, or –ing form Please stop (interrupt) when I’m explaining something to you You can (ask) questions at the end He admitted (enter) the house but refused (steal) the money I don’t really fancy (spend) my whole holiday with your cousins I’d rather(spend) my time with you We had hoped (finish) the project by the end of the month but we keep (delay) by changes in the plans You’d better (go) and see the boss and say what you’ve done If you put off (explain) it to her, she’ll only more annoyed No, that’s not what I meant (say) How can I make you (understand)? Those shirts need (iron), but you don’t need (iron) them now Are we permitted (bring) guests to the ceremony? I’d like (invite) my friend to join us You shouldn’t let your children (play) with matches It’s very easy (catch) fire 10 I enjoy (be) busy I don’t like it when there is nothing (do) 192 11 Let’s hurry! We must finish (paint) the office before 3:00 today 12 As we don’t agree (carry out) a proposal we generally avoid (discuss) the subject 13 I don’t mind (remind) you (lock) the door, but you’d better (try) (remember) on your own 14 Children shouldn’t be allowed (watch) violent programs on TV Parents should encourage their children (watch) educational programs 15 It’s no use (try) (persuade) her (change) her mind Spend your time (do) something more worthwhile Fill in the gap with either despite / in spite of or although Matt failed the exam studying very hard I couldn’t eat I was starving Jake came to class not feeling very well the steep climb, they managed to get to the top of the mountain We decided to go camping the rain it was very hot, he didn’t take off his chunky wool jumper is was raining the whole time, we enjoyed our trip everything I said was true, no one would believe me earning a modest income, Sarah often donates money to charity 10 My grandfather goes jogging at the beach every morning being eighty-five years old Rewrite the following sentences using despite / in spite of They live in a big house They only use the ground floor (Despite) Although the children were poor, they seemed happy (In spite of) We couldn’t get tickets although we queued for an hour (In spite of) I enjoyed the film although the story was silly (In spite of) The film was silly I quite enjoyed it (In spite of) We live in the same street We hardly ever see each other (Despite) The price was high We still bought the car (In spite of) Kate lived in lapan for years She never learnt Japanese (Despite) He doesn’t have much money He had travelled around the world (Despite) 10 Although Henry is a millionaire, he hates spending money (In spite of) III READING COMPREHENSION Read the following text and complete the blanks with the appropriate jobs given in the box There are extra options engineer mail carrier plumber astronaut doctor chef vet police flight attendant firefighter officer dentist lawyer teacher 193 The Different Careers Nowadays, there are many different careers that one can choose For example, if you like sharing your knowledge with others, you can become a(n) (1) This job is not easy, but at least you will get summer vacation like all the students If you not like that one, you can become a(n) (2) This career is excellent for those who have a good sense of authority, since you will have to make sure people abide by the law If someone breaks the law, you can arrest him / her But if what you want is to help people, why not become a(n) (3) ? That way, when people get sick, you can help them feel better If you not like this profession, you can become a(n) (4) That career requires knowing medicine, but you would only work on people’s dental health If you like medicine, but you not want to cure people, you can also help animals, you can become a(n) (5) Another good job if you want to help people is that of a(n) (6) But this is a dangerous job, since you would have to be very close to fire all the time, trying to put them out If you want to work in something safer, there are many other options Would you like to go to the moon? Maybe you can work as a(n) (7) Or maybe you can work as a(n) (8) , delivering mail If that still does not suit you, you can also consider working as a (9) It may be boring to serve food to people, but at least you will be doing it on a plane That way, you would be able to travel more The last option I can tell you about is an interesting job in which you must fix pipes If you not mind doing that, you can be a(n) (10) I hope you have found a career that you like If not, keep looking You will find one that is just perfect for you! Read the extracts from three people, and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) Amelia: I’d really like to the course in performing arts, because I’m very interested in dance, but I have to think about my career I work as a fashion designer and will need to use a computer to design clothes, so I’m going to the Information Technology course I can study dance and photography in my free time Jack: I really like the idea of performing arts course I’m in a rock band and I love drama and music, but my parents don’t like that idea at all, they don’t think it’s very useful for my career They want me to the Information Technology course, but I already know a lot about computers and I don’t want to spend my life working with computers So I’ve decided to the leisure and tourism course because travelling is quite interesting, and it makes Mum and Dad happy because it’s a “real job”! Susan: I really liked the idea of the sports studies course - it looks great - working with people and doing something I enjoy, but if I the part-time course it’s just too long! Four years studying three evenings a week - it’s too much I look at the childcare course too, but it’s working with really small children, and I prefer older ones So in the end, I didn’t choose ant of these courses, I’m going to look for another sports studies course at a different college, because I want to try to find something shorter T F The work of a fashion designer requires computer skills   Amelia will become a dancer   Jack will follow the Information Technology course   Jack’s parents make him follow the career in leisure and tourism   Susan finally takes a sports studies course   Susan is interested in small children because she considers the   childcare course Amelia and Jack take Infomation Technology course   None of them can follow their first choice of courses   Read the following passage and choose the best answer for each question It is sometimes very difficult to decide which career to choose when you leave school British students are helped by careers teachers, who inform them about different careers, qualifications needs and try to 194 help them make up their minds Mr Hemmings, a careers teacher as well as a History teacher, talks about his experience “I’ve been a careers teacher for around five years and, on the whole, I’ve found it a rewarding experience Our students have careers lessons once a week for the fourth and the fifth years (15 or 16 years old) My task consists of explaning as accurately as possible the qualifications required for each job, as well as the type OS work and personal skills involved Advising teenagers can be rather difficult - some youngsters have no idea at all of what they want to do, or of what the real world outside school really is They come to me and say “I don’t like routine nineto-five jobs I’d like something exciting that pays well ” What I can say? That we’re running out of exciting jobs? But they usually end up facing reality and come down to their senses after a while Anyway here in school we only give them a piece of advice according to what we know about their favourite and weakest subjects, pastimes and personality But if you ask me, things are happening so quickly around here, with our economy in the dumps that sometimes you don’t know what to say A few days ago I asked a fifteen-year-old boy what job he had in mind and he replied “I haven’t any plans You see, Sir, I don’t know what new jobs will replace today’s” What could I say? What careers teachers in Britain help students? A Inform them about different careers B Tell them the qualitications needed for careers C Help them make up their minds D All of the above How has Mr Hemmings found his job as a careers teacher? A An easy job B A rewarding experience C A stressful job D A challenging experience How often British students have careers lessons? A Once a week B Twice a week C Once a fortnight D Twice a month Why is it difficult to advise teenagers? A Teenagers have no idea of what exciting jobs are B Many youngsters never go outside of their houses C Some of them don’t know ehat careers they want D Many teenagers only like doing jobs that pay well Why hasn’t the student got any plans about his future job? A There will be many new jobs in the future B His parents haven’t told him about his future job C He is too young to think about it D He is busy studying his favourite subjects IV WRITING Reorder the words to make a meaningful sentence continues /her / In spite of / wage /, / doing / low / nine-to-five / Sarah / job / to / take / managers / course / for / They / agreed / experienced / special / a / offer / festival / opportunities / lots / of / day /, /enterprises / job / On / will / job / the / the / study / open / , / school / attempts / practical / lack / of / programmes / budget / for / students / Despite / to / the / customer /, /who / is / service / vocational / Kim / course /, / will / be / taking / training / officer / a / a / Fill the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, beginning with the given 195 words or phrases Although the Internet has some bad effects, more and more people use it In spite of In spite of a heavy snowstorm, the reporters went out to their tasks Even though The weather was very bad, so they had to cancel the live show Because of He bought a newspaper to read about the football match through he saw it on TV last night In spite of Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well In spite of Although she said that she would come, I don’t think she ever will In spite of Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman Despite In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies Even though In spite of his good salary, Jack gave up his job Although 10 She told me the secret, despite having promised not to so Although What job you want to in the future? Why? Write a paragraph of about 100 words TEST FOR UNIT 12 I Choose the word that has the different stress drom the others A specific B practial C logical D qualified A patient B creative C technical D gorgeous A physicist B pharmacy C engineer D craftsman A receptionist B architect C mechanic D profession A traditional B vocational C advisable D academic II Choose the best answer the rain, they decided to go camping in the forest A In spite of B Although C Despite of D However My brother is He is enjoys giving things to people A confident B generous C smart D independent He’s caring and has a sense of 196 A responsible B responsive C responsibility D responsibly I am a scientist who studies biology I am a(n) A biologist B biologer C biologian D biologant I want to avoid his classes A taking B to take C took D being taken Our form teacher is always to our concerns A responds B respond C response D responsive Jim got into trouble because he to stand up when the teacher asked him to A admitted B wanted C expected D refused John got the sack his rude behaviors A despite B since C because of D regardless of Don’t to bring some warm clothes with you for tomorrow’s outing A remember B stop C forget D offer 10 “Sorry, I don’t remember you here before.” A to see B saw C to have seen D seeing 11 Linda regrets to her mother’s advice because her mother was right A not listen B not to listen C not listening D to not listen 12 I don’t mind up early in the morning A get B to get C getting D to getting 13 Could you please stop so much noise? A make B making C to make D to making 14 Whenever those two ladies meet, they stop A to talk B talk C to talking D talking 15 John hoped to finish two of his essays before the deadline A written B write C to write D writing 16 I was very angry My friend John refused me a lift as he had promised A give B to give C giving D gave 17 The staff discussed the next meeting until next week A postponing B to postpone C postpone D to postponing 18 Linda can’t stand in a room with all of the windows closed A sleep B sleeping C slept D being slept 19 That artist painted a beautiful painting of a rhino the fact that he has never seen one A although B despite C because D due to 20 his broken leg in the crash, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded A In spite of B Despite the fact that C Because D However III Complete each sentence with a word from the box Use the words more than once business job living work Jack makes his living working as a journalist She has just left to go to I’m afraid They worked very hard and now have their own There are still nearly two million people without The cost of has risen greatly over recent years Stop interfering! This is none of your Lucy has a very good in an international company I cant come out tonight I’ve got too much to Some -men came and dug a hole in the road outside 10 An early by Picasso was sold for £3,000,000 IV Complete each sentence (1-8) with a suitable ending (A - H) Use each ending once 197 If you work hard, the company will give you D In a different job I could get a higher A qualifications for a job of this kind B advertisement in the local press on Friday The best way to find new staff is to put C application for the job as soon as a/an possible Because he had stolen the money, we D promotion to more responsible decided that position She has a pleasant personality but hasn’t E references from your previous got the right employer In the meeting we are going to discuss F dismissing him was the only the possible action we could take I think it would be a good idea to send in G salary and better conditions of your employment We cannot give you the job H appointment of a new sales without representative V Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line Leaving a job I recently left my job in an (1) advertising…agency after a disagreement with my boss She accepted my (2) but warned me that because of the (3) situation, I might have to get used to the idea of being (4) for a while I thought that she was trying to make a point, but after I had made over fifty (5) to other companies, I realise that she was right Although I am a (6) designer, I didn’t receive any offers of a job After that I tried working from home, but it was not very (7) Then I became an (8) in a fast-food restaurant, even though my (9) were extremely low I wish had accepted early (10) from my old job This is what I disagreed with my boss about! ADVERTISEMENT RESIGN ECONOMY EMPLOY APPLY QUALIFICATIONS PROFIT EMPLOY EARN RETIRE VI Choose the underlined word or phrase (marked A, B, C, or D) in each sentence that needs correcting In spite of have to be far from home regularly, Tim decided to become a tour guide A B C D Despite her tiredness, Susan is attempting burn the midnight oil for studying A B C D Tony, who graduated with an excellent degree, is offered become a chef 198 A B C D Although a good position, Mr Allred has to work overtime regularly A B C D We can’t stand to hear loud noises from the construction site day by day A B C D VII Decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each space Choosing a job One of the most difficult decisions is choosing what to for a (1) For example, you want to follow a definite (2) , and (3) a low (4) at the beginning, but have good (5) in a company that trains its (6) ? Or are you more interested in taking any kind of work, because you need a/an (7) ? You may have to (8) the fact that a good (9) can be difficult to find In that case, why not take a (10) one? You will gain some useful (11) Remember that even if you have the right (12) , you may have to (13) lots of application forms before you are asked to (14) an interview But don’t worry if you don’t know what you want to (15) exactly You’ll enjoy finding out! A salary B living C employee D work A company B training C business D career A earn B gain C win D take A money B profit C cheque D salary A hopes B prospects C futures D promotions A employers B crew C staff D persons A money B cash C account D income A face up to B go over C come up with D call off A work B labour c job D seat 10 A temporary B overtime C profitable D short 11 A experiences B experienced C experience D experiencing 12 A qualifications B exams C letters D degrees 13 A fall through B get on C turn down D fill in 14 A be B attend C make D advertise 15 A work B job C D employ VIII Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question Career Preparation Although you may think you are too young to worry about your future career, it is important that you start thinking about your live after high school right now so that you can take the steps necessary to any career you may choose Some of these steps include choosing the right high school, enrolling in the necessary courses, earning good grades, getting work experience and building a resume It can seem overwhelming trying to choose a career before you complete high school, but always keep in mind that it is never too late to change your career path and no one says you have to decide now There are lots of different factors that go into choosing a career path To determine the occupation you want to enter, you need to consider your interests, how long you want to be in school, how much money you want to make, the type of work you want to do, the potential for job growth and job trends in the industry - sounds like a lot, but that is just the tip of the iceberg Each day you make many decisions - what to wear, who to hang out with, how to spend your time after school Some of the decisions you make today can effect you for the rest of your life Once you have figured out the things you like to and the things you well, you can begin exploring careers that include your interests and skills Make a plan from the beginning, and once you have a plan, work the plan Do the steps along the way each year to keep on track toward graduation and higher education 199 You may consider a future career now because A you have to decide it immediately B it is necessary to have preparations C you can change your career path D you have nothing to worry about At high school, you can all of the following things to prepare for your future career EXCEPT A choosing the proper high school B enrolling in the necessary courses C earning good grades D learning by experience Once you have determine your interests and your strengths, you can A identify the right career B identify your skills C make decision in the future D know about the rest of your life We can infer from the passage that A each day we can make decisions in order to know how to make them B whom we hang out with will follow the same career with us C there are some factors to identify the future career that we don’t know D we decide how much money we want to make in order to get a good job in the future Making a plan from the beginning helps you A attend higher education B gradually achieve your goal C graduate from high school D have something to work IX Join each pair of sentences into one, beginning with the words provided Quang would like more holidays He doesn’t mind going to school Despite The work was hard and the wages were low He decided to take the job In spite of She is the boss She works as hard as her employees Despite She was successful She felt dissatisfied In spite of They drank from the stream They knew it was polluted They drank The villagers refuse to leave Their food supply is threatened The villagers Reid failed to score himself He helped Jones score two goals Although My foot was injured I managed to walk to the nearest village I managed He has health problems He is always smiling In spite of 10 I got good marks The exam was difficult Despite X Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word or words given, and so that the meaning stays the same Do not change the words given in any way Terry works in a different place now (JOB) 200 A good boss looks after everyone in the company (EMPLOYER) I am sure you will learn a lot in this job (EXPERIENCE) This job is a good way to earn money, but that’s all (LIVING) The firm gave me a rise after I had worked there a year (RAISED) The company was profitable last year (MADE) I had to be interviewed at head office (ATTEND) My annual salary is £12,000 (A YEAR) Jill is employed by a firm of accountants (WORKS) 10 We advertised the job in the paper (PUT) 201 KEY FOR UNIT 12 I PHONETICS 1 A 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.C l.D 2.B 3.C A 5.C II VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR l C E A I F G J B D 10 H cashier / bank, cook / restaurant / kitchen dentist / surgery, farmer / field hairdresser / salon, librarian / library mechanic / garage, miner / coal-mine musician / concert hall / studio photographer / studio, pilot / cockpit porter / hotel, receptionist / office vicar / church, waiter / restaurant plumber Porter Dentist hairdresser carpenter Vet waiter mechanic encouraged Employees Curiosity administrators Abilities Physicists medical 10 historians a to drink b talking a to get b taking a tapping b to introduce a to work b thinking a to tell b spending a to break b getting a to check b putting a to get b smiling a meeting b to find out 10 a taking b to take interrupting – ask entering - to steal spending – spend to finish - being delayed go – explaining to say - understand ironing - to iron to bring - to invite play - to catch 10 being - to 11 painting 12 to carry out –discussing 13 reminding - to lock - try - to remember 14 to watch - to watch 15 trying - to persuade - to change - doing despite / in spite of although despite / in spite of Despite / In spite of artistic qualifications despite / in spite of Although Although Although Despite / In spite of 10 despite / in spite of Despite living in a big house, they only use the ground floor In spite of their poverty, the children seemed happy We couldn’t get tickets in spite of queueing for an hour I enjoyed the film in spite of its silly story In spite of the film being silly, I quite enjoyed it Despite living in the same street, we hardly ever see each other In spite of the high price, we still bought the car Despite living in Japan for years, she never learnt Japanese Despite not having much money, he had travelled around the world 10 In spite of being a millionaire, Henry hates spending money III READING COMPREHENSION I teacher police officer doctor dentist vet Firefighter astronaut mail carrier flight attendant 10 plumber l.T 2.F F F T F F T l D 2.B A 4.C A IV WRITING 1 In spite of wage, Sarah continues doing her nine-to-five job They agreed to take a special course for experienced managers On the job festival day, the enterprises will offer lots of job opportunities Despite lack of budget, the school attempts to open practical study programmes for students Kim, who is taking a vocational training course, will be a customer service officer In spite of (its) having some bad effects, more and more people use the Internet Even though the snowstorm was heavy, the reporters went out to their tasks Because of the bad weather, they had to cancel the live show In spite of seeing the football match on TV last night, he bought a newspaper to read it In spite of being a poor student, he studied very well In spite of saying that she would come, I don’t think she ever will Despite having a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman Even though the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movies Although Tom had a good salary, he gave up his job 10 She told me the secret, although she had promised not to so For my future career, I want to work as an architect for three main reasons First, I love drawing and painting, so being an architect further provides me scope for pursuing my hobby Second, I am particularly passionate about designing houses, which for me, is not only designing a physical house but designing a home that is able to reflect the style and flavor of the owner They will give me, what I believe, great job satisfaction Finally, architecture is a serious science that I want to further explore with my hands-on experience and knowledge of working as an architect In turn, I hope my knowledge of architecture of different cultures in the world will find their way into my specific designs In conclusion, my choice of being an architect is a match of my strength and passion TEST FOR UNIT 12 I A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D II A B 3.C A A D D 8.C C 10 D 11 A 12 C 13 D 14 A 15 D 16 B 17 B 18 C 19 B 20 B III living work business work living business job work work 10 Work IV l D G B F A H C V advertising resignation economic unemployed applications qualified profitable Employee earnings 10 retirement VI A C D A B VII l.B D A D B C D A C 10 A 11 C 12 A 13 D 14 B 15 C VIII l B D A C 5.B IX Despite not minding going to school, Quang would like more holidays In spite of the hard word and low wages, he decided to take the job Despite being the boss, she works as hard as her employees In spite of her success, she felt dissatisfied They drank from the stream although they knew it was polluted The villagers refuse to leave despite their threatened food supply Although Reid failed to score himself, he helped Jones score two goals I managed to walk to the nearest village in spite of my injured foot In spite of having health problems, he is always smiling 10 Despite the difficult exam, I got good marks X Terry has a different job now A good employer looks after everyone in the company I am sure you will gain/ get a lot of experience in this job This job is a living, but that’s all The firm raised my salary after I had worked there for a year The company made a profit last year I had to attend a interview at head office I earn/ make 12.000 a year Jill works for a firm of accountants 10 We put an advertisement for the job in the paper ... Stress on content words in sentences Trọng âm từ câu Trong văn nói tiếng Anh, loại từ sau thường nhấn mạnh: động từ chính, danh từ, trạng từ, từ để hỏi, trợ động từ nghi vấn (ví dụ từ don’t)... vốn - Would: thường Ex: When he was a child, he would play football on Sunday Khi anh nhỏ, anh thường đá bóng vào Chủ nhật • Would used to không dùng để đề cập đến việc xảy lần khoảng thời gian... ta Does he like it? Anh thích chứ? Tuy nhiên, trợ động từ thường nhấn mạnh khi: - Nó mang ý nghĩa cần nhấn mạnh Ex: I have done my homework Tôi làm xong tập nhà - Nó thêm vào để nhấn mạnh động