The aim of this book is to provide a basic knowledge of how English is used in Information Technology IT.. This book is designed particularly for the students in the Faculty of Informati
Trang 1B GIÁO DỘ ỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI H C M HÀ N I Ọ Ở Ộ
GIÁO TRÌNH
(ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)
Chủ biên: Ths.Nguyễn Thị Thúy Lan
GIÁO TRÌNH IN N I B Ộ Ộ
Hà N i, 12/2021 ộ
Trang 2B GIÁO DỘ ỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI H C M HÀ N I Ọ Ở Ộ
GIÁO TRÌNH
(ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)
Tác giả: ThS Nguyễn Thị Thúy Lan ThS Thái Thanh Tùng
Hà N i, 12/2021 ộ
Trang 3INTRODUCTION Nowadays English is one of the most common languages in the world It is widely used in every sphere of life, especially in Information Technology The aim of this book is to provide a basic knowledge of how English is used in Information Technology (IT) This book is designed particularly for the students in the Faculty of Information Technology of Hanoi Open University (FITHOU), who will use English not only for communicating but also for studying, researching and working in the future It is a highly recommended material for those who want to improve their English proficiency in order to acquire a better basic knowledge in both English and English for Information Technology
There are 10 modules with 18 units covering major aspects of Information Technology using a variety of relevant materials taken from reliable sources such as specialized books and magazines With the purpose of helping students to acquire the basic computing knowledge and English for IT, the emphasis is on developing reading, speaking and writing skills Instruction on grammar and specialized language structures are also provided throughout the units The book also includes a very useful glossary, as well as the answer keys and many teaching notes
It is designed as a user-friendly book with a clear layout, with many photos and graphics to illustrate the topics and better assist students in their study
The authors have devoted a lot of time and effort in compiling this book Nevertheless, the book cannot escape from some shortcomings and the authors would like to apologise for any deficiencies found by readers The authors would highly appreciate users’ comments and remarks for further improvements in the next edition
Finally, the authors would like to express a sincere gratitude to Professor Thai Thanh Son, the former Dean of FITHOU for his valuable support in completion of this book We hope that all teachers and students will find this book an interesting and useful resource
Trang 4CONTENTS
MODULE 1: COMPUTER TODAY 1
UNIT 1: LIVING IN A DIGITAL AGE 1
1.1 The digital age 1
1.2 Language work 3
1.3 Computers at work 4
1.4 Other applications 5
1.5 Consolidation 6
UNIT 2: INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPUTER 10
2.1 Definition of computer 10
2.2 Computer Types 12
2.3 Reading 14
2.4 Language work 16
2.5 Consolidation 17
MODULE 2: INSIDE THE SYSTEM 23
UNIT 3: THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) 23
3.1 Technical specifications 23
3.2 What is inside a PC system? 23
3.3 Language work 26
3.4 How memory is measured? 27
3.5.Consolidation 28
3.6 Vocabulary 33
MODULE 3: INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES 34
UNIT 4 INPUT DEVICES 34
4.1 Interacting with your computer 34
4.2 Describing input devices 35
4.3 Language work: Describing functions and features 35
4.4 The keyboard 37
4.5 Mouse actions 38
4.6 Consolidation 39
4.7 Vocabulary 42
UNIT 5: OUTPUT DEVICES 44
5.1 Screen Displays 44
5.2 Printer 45
5.3 Speaker 47
5.4 Projector 47
5.5 Plotter 48
5.6 Consolidation 48
Trang 55.7 Vocabulary 50
MODULE 4: MEMORY AND STORAGE DEVICE 52
UNIT 6: MAIN MEMORY AND TYPES OF MAIN MEMORY 52
6.1 Main Memory 52
6.2 Types of Main Memory 52
6.3 Primary Memory 53
6.4 Computer memory and computer storages 54
6.5 Consolidation 58
6.6 Vocabulary 61
UNIT 7: STORAGE DEVICE 62
7.1 Magnetic storage devices 62
7.2 Optical Storage 65
7.3 Flash memory 68
7.4 Consolidation 73
7.5 Vocabulary 76
MODULE 5 : BASIC SOFTWARE 78
UNIT 8: DEFINITION OF SOFTWARE 78
8.1 Definition of software 78
8.2 Types of Software 79
8.3 Consolidation 80
8.4 Vocabulary 83
UNIT 9: TYPES OF BASIC SOFTWARE 85
9.1 System software 85
9.2 Application software 91
9.3 Consolidation 98
9.4.Vocabulary 102
MODULE 6: CREATIVE SOFTWARE 104
UNIT 10: GRAPHIC AND DESIGN 104
10.1 Discussions related to computer graphics 104
10.2 Reading: Computer graphics 104
10.3 Consolidation 107
10.4 Vocabulary 110
UNIT 11: DESKTOP PUBLISHING 111
11.1 Discussions related desktop publishing 111
11.2 Reading: What is desktop publishing? 111
11.3 Consolidation 112
11.4 Vocabulary 116
UNIT 12: MULTIMEDIA 117
12.1 Multiple forms of multimedia 117
Trang 612.2 Multimedia magic! 117
12.3 Consolidation 119
12.4 Vocabulary 123
UNIT 13 WEB DESIGN 124
13.1 A typical home page 124
13.2 Web page design 124
13.3 Consodilation 127
13.4 Vocabulary 130
MODULE 7: PROGRAMMING 132
UNIT 14 INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING AND PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 132
14.1 Introduction to programming 132
14.2 Programming Languages 134
14.3 Consolidation 140
14.4 Vocabulary 143
MODULE 8: NETWORK AND INTERNET 145
UNIT 15: DEFINITION AND TYPES OF NETWORK 145
15.1 Definition Of Network 145
15.2 Types of Network 147
15.3 Reading: Networking FAQs 148
15.4 Language work 151
15.5 Consolidation 154
15.6 Vocabulary 157
UNIT 16: INTERNET AND EMAIL 159
16.1 Internet basics 159
16.2 Reading : Internet FAQs 160
16.3 Email features 163
16.4 Consolidation 164
16.5 Vocabulary 167
MODULE 9: E-COMMERCE 169
UNIT 17 : DEFINITION AND BENEFITS OF E-COMMERCE 169
17.1 Definition of e-Commerce 169
17.2 Benefits of E- Commerce 169
17.3 Barriers to Business and Consumer Target Markets 170
17.4 Reading: Internet shopping: The inside story 171
17.5 Consolidation 172
17.6 Vocabulary 176
MODULE 10: WORKING IN IT 178
UNIT 18: IT JOB, DUTY AND YOUR FUTURE IN I.T 178
Trang 718.1 IT Job and Duty 178
18.2 Your future in IT 179
18.3 Consolidation 181
18.4 Vocabulary 184
APPENDIX 186
1 Terminology 186
2 Acronyms and abbreviations 218
REFERENCES 224
Trang 8MODULE 1: COMPUTER TODAY
Learning objectives
In this module you will:
* Talk and write about computer applications in everyday life
* Study the basic structure of a computer system
* Study the differences between certain types of computers
* Learn how to classify computer device s
UNIT 1: LIVING IN A DIGITAL AGE
1.1 The digital age
A Match the captions (1-4) with the pictures (a-d)
1 In education, computers can make all the difference _
2 Using a cashpoint, or ATM
3 The Internet in your pocket
4 Controlling air traffic _
B How are computers used in the situations above? In pairs, discuss your ideas
C Read the following text and check your answers to B
THE DIGITAL AGE
We are now living in what some people call the digital age, meaning that computers have become an essential part of our lives Young people who have grown
up with PCs and mobile phones are often called the digital generation Computers help
Trang 9students to perform mathematical operations and improve their maths skills They are used to access the Internet, to do basic research and to communicate with other students around the world Teachers use projectors and interactive whiteboards to give presentations and teach sciences, history or language courses PCs are also used for administrative purposes - schools use word processors to write letters, and databases
to keep records of students and teachers A school website allows teachers to publish exercises for students to complete online
Students can also enroll for courses via the website and parents can download official reports
Mobiles let you make voice calls, send texts, email people and download logos, ringtones or games With a built-in camera you can send pictures and make video calls in face to- -face mode New smartphones combine a telephone with web access, video, a games console, an MP3 player, a personal digital assistant (PDA) and a GPS navigation system, all in one
In banks, computers store information about the money held by each customer and enable staff to access large databases and to carry out financial transactions at high speed They also control the cashpoints, or ATMs (automatic teller machines), which dispense money to customers by the use of a PIN-protected card People use a Chip and PIN card to pay for goods and services Instead of using a signature to verify payments, customers are asked to enter a four-digit personal identification number(PIN), the same number used at cashpoints; this system makes transactions more secure With online banking, clients can easily pay bills and transfer money from the comfort of their homes
Airline pilots use computers to help them control the plane For example, monitors display data about fuel consumption and weather conditions In airport control towers, computers are used to manage radar systems and regulate air traffic
On the ground, airlines are connected to travel agencies by computer Travel agents use computers to find out about the availability of flights, prices, times, stopovers and many other detail
( Source: Infotech English for computer users -4th edition) –
D When you read a text, you will often see a new word that you don't recognize If you can identify what type of word it is (noun, verb, adjective, etc.) it can help you guess the meaning
Find the words (1-10) in the text above Can you guess the meaning from context? Are they nouns, verbs, adjectives or adverbs? Write n, v, adj or adv next to each word
1 perform (line 4) _
2 word processor (line 8)
3 online (line 10)
4 download (line 11) _
Trang 10f connected to the Internet _
g collection of facts or figures
h describes information that is recorded or broadcast using computers
i program used for text manipulation _
j copy files from a server to your PC or mobile _
F In pairs, discuss these questions
1 How are/were computers used in your school?
2 How do you think computers will be used in school in the future?
1.2 Language work: Collocations
A Look at the HELP box and then match the verbs (1-5) with the nouns (a-e) to make collocations from the above text
Help Box
Collocations 1
Verbs and nouns often go together in English to make set phrases, for eaccess to the Internet These words combination are called collocations, and thvery common Learning collocations instead of individual words can helpremember which verb to use with which noun Here are some examples from theperform operations, do research, make calls, send texts, display data, wriletters, store information, complete exercises, carry out transactions
Trang 11B Use collocations from A and the HELP box to complete these sen tences
1 Thanks to Wi-Fi, it's now easy to _ from cafés, hotels, parks and many other public places
2 Online banking lets you _ between your accounts easily and securely
3 Skype is a technology that enables users to _ over the Ințernet for free
4 In many universities, students are encouraged to _ using PowerPoint in order to make their talks more visually attractive
5 The Web has revolutionized the way people _ with sites such as Google and Wikipedia, you can find the infor mation you need in seconds
6 Cookies allow a website to _ on a user's machine and later retrieve it; when you visit the website again, it remembers your preferences
7 With the latest mobile phones, you can _ with multimedia attachments - pictures, audio, even video
Peter’s job:
Anna : I use my computer to do the usual office things, like writing memos, letters, faxes and so on, but the thing I find most useful is e-mail We’re an international company, and we have offices all over the world We’re linked up to all
of them by mail With mail I can communicate with the offices around the world very efficiently It has really changed my life
Trang 12you how much lighting you need for a particular room, or how much cable you need, and it'll show where the cable should go I also use the computer to make drawings and
to keep records We have to test our installations every five years, and that information
is stored on the computer, too
John’s job:
Christina: I use computers to catalogue and classify all the materials received in the library, and record all the books, newspapers, DVDs, etc that users borrow I also assist customers and visitors in the use of IT hardware and software, including online databases and CD-ROMs I help people with their enquiries, for example if children or elderly people need to find some specific information either in our online library catalogue or on the Internet I'm also in charge of other library services, such as printing and fax machine
Trang 13Useful language
Formula 1 cars: design and build the car, test virtual models, control electrcomponents, monitor engine speed, store (vital) information, display data, analycommunicate data
Entertainment: download music, burn CDs, play games, take photos, photos, make video clips, watch movies on a DVD player, watch TV on the comlisten to MP3S, listen to the radio via the Web
Factories and industrial processes: design products, do calculations, coindustrial robots, control assembly lines, keep record of stocks (materialequipment)
School/University: access the Internet, enroll online, search the Web, prexams, write documents, complete exercises online, do research, prepare prese
-Computers are used to ………
-A PC can also be used for………
-People use computers to ………
B Write a short presentation summarizing your discussion Then ask one person from your group to give a summary of the group's ideas to the rest of the class
1.5 Consolidation
1.5.1.Choose the best answer
1 How can computer become miraculous?
A due to CPU
B due to main memory
C due to hardware and software
Trang 144 What has the same meaning as a monitor?
A Visual Display Unit
B Screen
C A & B
D None of the above
5 What are physical units that attached to the PC?
1.5.2 Fill in each blank with a suitable word below