The purpose of this method is to describe the methodology involved in construction work for the Boiler foundation item and to detail out the steps to be taken in order to meet the technical requirements of VP1 BOT Thermal Power Plant
MANPOWER & EQUIPMENT
• Manpower mobilized for construction of the Boiler are listed as followings:
• Equipment mobilized for construction of the Boiler are listed as followings:
No Equipment Unit Quantity Remark
RESPONSIBILITIES
• It is overall responsibility of Site Manager to organize resources prior to perform construction activities as per project specification in compliance with the quality, schedule & safety requirements
• EHS Manager will ensure in coordination with Site Engineer that all measure/construction taken shall be maintained till completion of job
• It is the responsibility of Construction Manager/Site Engineer that construction activities are executed according to the relevant project specification in compliance with the quality, schedule & safety requirements
• Contractor will ensure that all works are performed safely according to the attachment
• The relevant contractor Supervisor will ensure that the work is carried out in accordance with this method statement and project specification
• The QC Inspector will ensure that the work is executed according to the requirements of quality dossier are fulfilled
To ensure safety and maintain the quality of massive concrete, the contractor will divide the foundation into seven stages due to its large dimensions and reinforcement details Vertical construction joints will be strategically placed between Stage 3 and Stage 5.
[6], Stage [7]; Isolation joint surround Stage [1], Stage [2], Stage [4] Method statement for Fan will be separate and submit late
From stages 2 to 7, the installation of anchor bolts will proceed according to schedule, with the contractor ensuring adequate manpower and equipment are in place Additionally, calculations for concrete supply must be meticulously prepared to guarantee optimal conditions for concrete casting.
Between each stage, the Hy-rib permanent formwork will be used to avoid crack and so forth between construction joints
- 8 - | P a g e R e v B Construction Stage 1: SCC, Oil sump: 04 Phase
Construction Stage 2, 3, 4, 5, 6: Massive concrete, Maximum thickness: 3m
• Vertical construction joint will be arranged between Stage [3], Stage [4], Stage [5], Stage [6] And Massive concrete will be describing in section 6.6 Concrete work
The foundation slope ratio of 1:0.5 must be adhered to, as illustrated in the typical excavation section below Additionally, the dimensions of the excavation pit should exceed the foundation dimensions by 2 meters in all directions to accommodate scaffolding and formwork.
Typical of dewatering for SCC sump
Lean concrete plan will depend on the construction step
• Lean concrete thickness 50mm (as design drawing), grade: 15Mpa
• Lean concrete is casted before next activities such as rebar or formwork installation
Steel bars must be stored on-site using racks or supports that elevate them above ground level to prevent contact with moisture Additionally, covering the bars with plastic sheets is essential to protect them from corrosion caused by the marine environment.
• Bar bending schedule shall be submitted before commencement of work
When fabricating and installing foundation rebar, it is essential to adhere to the approved design, project specifications, and relevant standards such as ACI 117 and ACI 318, along with the approved Bar Bending Schedule (BBS) The lap splicing method must be utilized for rebar connections, ensuring that the lap length aligns with the specifications outlined in the approved design drawings and applicable standards.
• Any kind of hot cutting and bending rebar shall not be allowed
• Fabricated rebar will be transported from the workshop to construction site by lorry crane
• Rebar shall be erected such as to form a rigid cage within the formwork, with every intersection being bound together with appropriate binding wire
• Specified concrete cover shall be maintained by the use of precast concrete spacer blocks of the same
- 11 - | P a g e R e v B grade as the concrete in which they are to be used
For securing reinforcing bars, 1mm thick black annealed steel binding wire will be utilized, ensuring a robust connection through double folding of the wire.
• Concrete spacer shall be made by same grade concrete as structural grade
• In practicable, the subcontractor could use extra method such as steel tube frame, cables, turnbuckles… to keep the rebar stable before carry out the next steps
• Inspection of rebar installation shall be conformed to design drawing and approved method statement, such as grid space, lap length, elevation…
Support bars, or rebar chairs, are essential for ensuring the safety and stability of rebar frames They effectively bear the dead load of the top rebar and the live load from workers, equipment, and casting concrete.
The order of casting concrete will be followed from 1 to 8 6.4 Installation of embedded plate, box out (if any)
• The embedded plate/box out shall be erected in the exact position as specified in the designed drawings
• The characteristics of embedded items (supplied by Contractor) must confirm to specification, approved design drawing such as type, size, and be approved before using
• Fixing method is suggested by wire tie and/or welding to fix stable anchoring frames Welding to main rebar is prohibited
The typical installation method is illustrated in the figure below A separate contractor will submit the method statement for bolt installation, and coordination with IHI will be managed on-site by the contractor.
• Contractor must ensure the clean condition of embedded items, stability and firmness, position and elevation, plumpness… before pouring concrete
• Working platforms for inspection and erection shall be provided
The contractor utilizes a total station leveling machine to accurately mark the reference points for the fixed formwork They verify the elevation of the rebar grid and incorporate concrete spacers as needed, ensuring proper alignment to meet the elevation specifications outlined in the FC drawings.
• Install the concrete spacer to ensure the protection cover thickness are achieved, Concrete spacer shall be made by same grade concrete as structural grade
• Connecting the formwork panel by connection pins and clips Checking elevation, position, and plumpness of panels Using the support pipes, steel-box, scaffold clips to fix the formwork
• Formwork must ensure close to prevent leakage of cement laitance at inspection time
• Space of pipe support, tie rod is 800mm
• In height of foundation h=3m, arrange 3 layers for Pipe support, 5 layers of tie rod
• In height of foundation h=1.5m, arrange 2 layers for Pipe support, 3 layers of tie rod
Typical detail of formwork for Boiler foundation
The support bars must be bent and fixed with bottom layer bar DETAIL 1
• Reference Method statement: “VP1-0-L4-C-GEN-10007_ Method statement for General concrete work” for requirement and describe of concrete work
• This method statement mention for construction joint, massive concrete
For horizontal construction joints, it is essential to roughen the concrete surface using an air-water jet within 12 hours of placement to expose the aggregate If this timeframe is exceeded, a handheld device should be used for chipping Prior to placing fresh concrete on set concrete, a layer of mortar made from water and cement, matching the proportions of the original concrete mix, must be applied to the dry surface using a spray or brush.
• Vertical construction joint shall be place as picture below:
Metal mesh will be installed to replace the formwork at the construction joint, with the support system for the formwork mirroring that on the opposite side If conduits, angle steel, or other elements pass through the construction joint, the metal mesh will be shaped accordingly to accommodate them.
Please supplement the concrete surface finishing method with and/or without hardener
When pouring new concrete, it is essential to leave the metal mesh intact, as it will remain permanently within the concrete Before placing the fresh concrete, a layer of mortar made from water and cement only should be applied to the dry surface using a spray or brush This mortar must have the same cement proportions as the concrete mix to ensure proper adhesion and durability.
• At top of rebar layer, Contractor will use formwork to make the construction joint, when casting concrete next time, Contractor will chip the concrete to make rough surface
To ensure optimal curing, the temperature of mass concrete must not exceed 70℃ and should remain below 50℃ per meter Additionally, the temperature difference between the center and surface of the concrete should not exceed 20℃ Curing methods will adhere to the specified guidelines outlined in item b.
The contractor will deploy a technical service team to monitor peak and differential temperatures during the foundation casting and construction phases, ensuring timely technical data is available to effectively manage and reduce the risk of thermal cracks.
The following guidelines shall be followed;
• Concrete slump shall conform to approved mix design
• Concrete temperature at pouring time shall not exceed 30°C
• Sampling from trucks shall be advised by the Engineer/As per Site Inspection and Test Plan
Concrete placement will be executed using a pump, with a flexible hose securely clamped at the pump's end This hose will be positioned within the pouring area to manage the pouring height effectively The contractor will develop a plan for hose placement through the top rebar layer Concrete will be poured in 400mm horizontal layers until the desired height is achieved.
• Concrete should be discharged smoothly in coordination between vibrating person and discharging person Side vibration on formwork will be used if necessary
• Concrete should not be dumped in several locations at a time nor discharged in large hips and moved horizontally until final position
• The concrete casting shall be performed layer by layer, preventing the formation of cold joints The layers shall be separated with heights not greater than 2/3 of the vibrator length
• During placement of concrete and compaction, care would be taken to retain formwork position from displacement and deflection
• The calculation of concrete supply, transportation will be attached as attachment 3 b) Curing and Temperature control
• Water shall be continuously introduced on the saturated burlaps in order to keep the burlaps being wet at all time during curing period
CONSTRUCTION WORK
Excavation and disposal
For foundation excavation, a slope ratio of 1:0.5 is required, as illustrated in the accompanying image The excavation pit must extend at least 2 meters beyond the dimensions of the foundation in all directions to accommodate scaffolding and formwork.
Typical of dewatering for SCC sump
Lean concrete plan will depend on the construction step
• Lean concrete thickness 50mm (as design drawing), grade: 15Mpa
• Lean concrete is casted before next activities such as rebar or formwork installation
Steel bars must be stored on-site using racks or supports that elevate them above ground level to prevent corrosion Additionally, covering the bars with a plastic sheet is essential to protect them from the corrosive effects of the marine environment.
• Bar bending schedule shall be submitted before commencement of work
Fabricating and installing foundation rebar must adhere to the approved design and project specifications, including ACI 117 and ACI 318 standards, as well as the approved Bar Bending Schedule (BBS) The lap splicing method is required for rebar connections, with lap lengths conforming to the approved design drawings and applicable standards.
• Any kind of hot cutting and bending rebar shall not be allowed
• Fabricated rebar will be transported from the workshop to construction site by lorry crane
• Rebar shall be erected such as to form a rigid cage within the formwork, with every intersection being bound together with appropriate binding wire
• Specified concrete cover shall be maintained by the use of precast concrete spacer blocks of the same
- 11 - | P a g e R e v B grade as the concrete in which they are to be used
For securing reinforcing bars, a 1mm thick black annealed steel binding wire will be utilized, with the wire being double folded to guarantee a strong and reliable connection.
• Concrete spacer shall be made by same grade concrete as structural grade
• In practicable, the subcontractor could use extra method such as steel tube frame, cables, turnbuckles… to keep the rebar stable before carry out the next steps
• Inspection of rebar installation shall be conformed to design drawing and approved method statement, such as grid space, lap length, elevation…
Support bars, also known as rebar chairs, are essential for ensuring the safety and stability of rebar frames They effectively bear the dead load of the top rebar as well as the live loads from workers, equipment, and the casting of concrete.
The order of casting concrete will be followed from 1 to 8 6.4 Installation of embedded plate, box out (if any)
• The embedded plate/box out shall be erected in the exact position as specified in the designed drawings
• The characteristics of embedded items (supplied by Contractor) must confirm to specification, approved design drawing such as type, size, and be approved before using
• Fixing method is suggested by wire tie and/or welding to fix stable anchoring frames Welding to main rebar is prohibited
The standard installation method is illustrated in the figure below A separate contractor will submit the method statement for bolt installation, and coordination with IHI will be conducted on-site to ensure proper execution.
• Contractor must ensure the clean condition of embedded items, stability and firmness, position and elevation, plumpness… before pouring concrete
• Working platforms for inspection and erection shall be provided
The contractor employs a total station leveling machine to accurately mark the reference points for the fixed formwork They verify the elevation of the rebar grid and install concrete spacers as needed, ensuring proper alignment with the specified elevation detailed in the FC drawings.
• Install the concrete spacer to ensure the protection cover thickness are achieved, Concrete spacer shall be made by same grade concrete as structural grade
• Connecting the formwork panel by connection pins and clips Checking elevation, position, and plumpness of panels Using the support pipes, steel-box, scaffold clips to fix the formwork
• Formwork must ensure close to prevent leakage of cement laitance at inspection time
• Space of pipe support, tie rod is 800mm
• In height of foundation h=3m, arrange 3 layers for Pipe support, 5 layers of tie rod
• In height of foundation h=1.5m, arrange 2 layers for Pipe support, 3 layers of tie rod
Typical detail of formwork for Boiler foundation
The support bars must be bent and fixed with bottom layer bar DETAIL 1
• Reference Method statement: “VP1-0-L4-C-GEN-10007_ Method statement for General concrete work” for requirement and describe of concrete work
• This method statement mention for construction joint, massive concrete
For horizontal construction joints, it is essential to roughen the concrete surface using an air-water jet within 12 hours of the final set to expose the aggregate If this time frame is exceeded, a handheld chipping device should be utilized Before placing fresh concrete on set concrete, a layer of mortar made from water and cement in the same proportions as the concrete mix must be applied to the dry surface using a spray or brush.
• Vertical construction joint shall be place as picture below:
Metal mesh will be utilized to replace the formwork at construction joints, ensuring a consistent support system for formwork on both sides If conduits, angle steel, or other materials pass through the construction joint, the metal mesh will be shaped accordingly to accommodate these elements.
Please supplement the concrete surface finishing method with and/or without hardener
When pouring new concrete, it is essential to leave the metal mesh intact, as it will remain embedded within the concrete permanently Prior to placing the fresh concrete, a layer of mortar, consisting of only water and cement, should be applied to the dry surface using a spray or brush This mortar must match the cement proportions of the concrete mix to ensure proper adhesion and strength.
• At top of rebar layer, Contractor will use formwork to make the construction joint, when casting concrete next time, Contractor will chip the concrete to make rough surface
To ensure optimal curing of mass concrete, the center temperature must not exceed 70℃ and should remain below 50℃ per meter Additionally, the temperature difference between the center and the surface of the concrete must not exceed 20℃ Compliance with the specified curing methods is essential for maintaining these temperature requirements.
The contractor will deploy a technical service team to monitor peak and differential temperatures during the foundation casting and construction phases This proactive approach ensures the timely collection of crucial technical data, enabling effective control and reduction of thermal crack risks.
The following guidelines shall be followed;
• Concrete slump shall conform to approved mix design
• Concrete temperature at pouring time shall not exceed 30°C
• Sampling from trucks shall be advised by the Engineer/As per Site Inspection and Test Plan
Concrete placement will be executed using a pump, with a flexible hose securely clamped at the pump's end This hose will be positioned within the pouring area to regulate the concrete pouring height The contractor is responsible for planning the hose's location through the top rebar layer Concrete will be poured in 400mm horizontal layers until the desired bottom height is achieved.
• Concrete should be discharged smoothly in coordination between vibrating person and discharging person Side vibration on formwork will be used if necessary
• Concrete should not be dumped in several locations at a time nor discharged in large hips and moved horizontally until final position
• The concrete casting shall be performed layer by layer, preventing the formation of cold joints The layers shall be separated with heights not greater than 2/3 of the vibrator length
• During placement of concrete and compaction, care would be taken to retain formwork position from displacement and deflection
• The calculation of concrete supply, transportation will be attached as attachment 3 b) Curing and Temperature control
• Water shall be continuously introduced on the saturated burlaps in order to keep the burlaps being wet at all time during curing period
To ensure optimal curing of concrete, it is essential to cover the surface with burlap or plastic sheets approximately one hour after pouring During the curing period, water must be continuously applied to the saturated burlap to keep it moist at all times.
• The measurement purposes are to finding the temperature development within the concrete mass The results will show peak temperature and the temperature differential for such measuring points
A thermocouple is a sensor designed to monitor the temperature within cast concrete Installed inside the concrete, it provides crucial temperature readings every two hours, both day and night, ensuring effective monitoring of the curing process.
Reinforcement work
Steel bars must be stored on-site using racks or supports that elevate them off the ground to prevent corrosion Additionally, covering the bars with plastic sheets is essential to protect them from the corrosive effects of the marine environment.
• Bar bending schedule shall be submitted before commencement of work
Fabricating and installing foundation rebar must adhere to the approved design, project specifications, ACI 117, ACI 318, and the approved Bar Bending Schedule (BBS) The lap splicing method is required for rebar connections, with lap lengths conforming to the approved design drawings and applicable standards.
• Any kind of hot cutting and bending rebar shall not be allowed
• Fabricated rebar will be transported from the workshop to construction site by lorry crane
• Rebar shall be erected such as to form a rigid cage within the formwork, with every intersection being bound together with appropriate binding wire
• Specified concrete cover shall be maintained by the use of precast concrete spacer blocks of the same
- 11 - | P a g e R e v B grade as the concrete in which they are to be used
For securing reinforcing bars, 1mm thick black annealed steel binding wire will be utilized, ensuring a robust connection through double folding of the wire.
• Concrete spacer shall be made by same grade concrete as structural grade
• In practicable, the subcontractor could use extra method such as steel tube frame, cables, turnbuckles… to keep the rebar stable before carry out the next steps
• Inspection of rebar installation shall be conformed to design drawing and approved method statement, such as grid space, lap length, elevation…
Support bars, also known as rebar chairs, are essential for ensuring the safety and stability of rebar frames They effectively bear the dead load of the top rebar, as well as the live loads from workers, equipment, and the casting of concrete.
Installation of embedded plate, box out (if any)
• The embedded plate/box out shall be erected in the exact position as specified in the designed drawings
• The characteristics of embedded items (supplied by Contractor) must confirm to specification, approved design drawing such as type, size, and be approved before using
• Fixing method is suggested by wire tie and/or welding to fix stable anchoring frames Welding to main rebar is prohibited
The installation method for bolts is illustrated in the figure below A detailed method statement for bolt installation will be provided by a different contractor, who will coordinate with IHI on-site regarding this process.
• Contractor must ensure the clean condition of embedded items, stability and firmness, position and elevation, plumpness… before pouring concrete
• Working platforms for inspection and erection shall be provided
The contractor utilizes a total station leveling machine to accurately mark the reference points for the fixed formwork This process involves checking the elevation of the rebar grid and adding concrete spacers as needed to ensure proper alignment with the specified elevations outlined in the FC drawings.
• Install the concrete spacer to ensure the protection cover thickness are achieved, Concrete spacer shall be made by same grade concrete as structural grade
• Connecting the formwork panel by connection pins and clips Checking elevation, position, and plumpness of panels Using the support pipes, steel-box, scaffold clips to fix the formwork
• Formwork must ensure close to prevent leakage of cement laitance at inspection time
• Space of pipe support, tie rod is 800mm
• In height of foundation h=3m, arrange 3 layers for Pipe support, 5 layers of tie rod
• In height of foundation h=1.5m, arrange 2 layers for Pipe support, 3 layers of tie rod
Typical detail of formwork for Boiler foundation
The support bars must be bent and fixed with bottom layer bar DETAIL 1
• Reference Method statement: “VP1-0-L4-C-GEN-10007_ Method statement for General concrete work” for requirement and describe of concrete work
• This method statement mention for construction joint, massive concrete
For horizontal construction joints, it is essential to roughen the concrete surface using an air-water jet within 12 hours after the final set to expose the aggregate If this time frame is exceeded, a handheld device should be used for chipping Prior to placing fresh concrete on set concrete, a layer of mortar—composed solely of water and cement—must be applied to the dry surface using a spray or brush This mortar should match the cement proportions of the concrete mix to ensure proper bonding.
• Vertical construction joint shall be place as picture below:
Metal mesh will be installed to replace the formwork at the construction joint, ensuring a consistent support system for formwork on both sides If conduits, angle steel, or other elements pass through the construction joint, the metal mesh will be shaped accordingly to accommodate these features.
Please supplement the concrete surface finishing method with and/or without hardener
When pouring new concrete, it is essential to leave the metal mesh in place, as it will remain embedded within the concrete Prior to placing the fresh concrete, a layer of mortar made from water and cement should be applied to the dry surface using a spray or brush This mortar must contain the same proportions of cement as the concrete mix to ensure proper bonding.
• At top of rebar layer, Contractor will use formwork to make the construction joint, when casting concrete next time, Contractor will chip the concrete to make rough surface
The temperature of mass concrete should not exceed 70℃ and must remain below 50℃ per meter Additionally, the temperature difference between the center and surface of the concrete should not exceed 20℃ Curing methods for the concrete will adhere to the specified guidelines in item b below.
The contractor will deploy a technical service team to monitor peak and differential temperatures during the foundation casting and construction phases, ensuring timely technical data is available to effectively control and reduce the risk of thermal cracks.
The following guidelines shall be followed;
• Concrete slump shall conform to approved mix design
• Concrete temperature at pouring time shall not exceed 30°C
• Sampling from trucks shall be advised by the Engineer/As per Site Inspection and Test Plan
Concrete placement will be executed using a pump, with a flexible hose securely clamped at the end of the pump This hose will be positioned within the pouring area to regulate the pouring height The contractor will devise a plan for the hose's location, ensuring it aligns with the top rebar layer Concrete will be poured in 400mm horizontal layers until the desired height is achieved.
• Concrete should be discharged smoothly in coordination between vibrating person and discharging person Side vibration on formwork will be used if necessary
• Concrete should not be dumped in several locations at a time nor discharged in large hips and moved horizontally until final position
• The concrete casting shall be performed layer by layer, preventing the formation of cold joints The layers shall be separated with heights not greater than 2/3 of the vibrator length
• During placement of concrete and compaction, care would be taken to retain formwork position from displacement and deflection
• The calculation of concrete supply, transportation will be attached as attachment 3 b) Curing and Temperature control
• Water shall be continuously introduced on the saturated burlaps in order to keep the burlaps being wet at all time during curing period
To ensure proper curing of concrete, cover the surface with burlap or plastic sheets approximately one hour after pouring Continuously wet the burlap to maintain saturation throughout the curing period.
• The measurement purposes are to finding the temperature development within the concrete mass The results will show peak temperature and the temperature differential for such measuring points
A thermocouple is a sensor designed to be embedded within concrete, allowing for accurate temperature monitoring of the casted material This monitoring process occurs every two hours, both during the day and night, ensuring consistent oversight of the concrete's internal temperature.
Thermocouples will be strategically embedded within concrete structures, positioned at both the top and bottom sets approximately 300mm from the edges These devices will convert generated heat into electrical signals, transmitting data to a digital thermometer that records and displays temperature measurements Additionally, some thermocouples will be spaced 1 meter apart to effectively monitor temperature variations across that distance.
• The process of monitoring of temperature will follow this depictation:
Following the casting process, the Automatic Recorder initiates temperature measurements every 2 hours for the first 48 hours, then shifts to every 6 hours until reaching 120 hours After 120 hours, the measurement frequency changes to once daily, continuing until the peak temperature drops to 45°C and the temperature difference falls below 20°C, while maintaining control over the gradient.
Table to record temperature inside mass concrete
+The formwork and insulation must only be removed after the peak temperature falls below
45 o C and maintaining the difference temperature below 20 o C and the gradient to be controlled
+Check peak temperature of each point (Tmax), especially the mid-point of the foundation, maximum temperature at all time in the concrete shall be less than ≤ 70 o C
+Check the temperature difference ΔT1 and gradient ΔT/m between any 2 points of the structure shall be less than 20 o C (ΔT1≤ 20 o C) and 50 o C/m (ΔT/m≤ 50 o C)
+Check the differential temperature ΔT of each measuring point
+The temperature measures to be analyzed and reported daily
• In the case, Difference of temperature in center and surface of the concrete exceed 20℃ Immediate
To ensure optimal concrete curing, apply a foam layer of 3cm thickness on the surface and maintain side formwork until the temperature difference between the center of the concrete mass and the outer surface is controlled Additionally, water curing should be conducted for a minimum of 7 days following the concrete pour.
Side formwork should be removed 3-4 days after concrete pouring or when the temperature difference between the center and surface of the concrete does not exceed 20℃ It is essential to keep the exposed concrete surfaces fully covered with a plastic sheet or burlap, maintaining continuous moisture for the required curing period of 7 days Additionally, an action plan should be in place to address any rain that occurs during the casting process.
Check the weather forecast during the week when casting concrete
Plastic sheet will standby near concreting area, Contractor will cover by plastic to ensure continue construction d) Other works such as backfilling work…
The filling shall commence only after approval by Engineer-in-charge is obtained and after the
Concrete work
• Reference Method statement: “VP1-0-L4-C-GEN-10007_ Method statement for General concrete work” for requirement and describe of concrete work
• This method statement mention for construction joint, massive concrete
For effective horizontal construction joints, the concrete surface must be roughened using an air-water jet within 12 hours of final setting to expose the aggregate If this timeframe is exceeded, a handheld chipping device should be utilized Prior to placing fresh concrete on set concrete, it's essential to apply a layer of mortar (comprising only water and cement) via spray or brush on the dry surface This mortar should match the cement proportions of the original concrete mix to ensure proper bonding.
• Vertical construction joint shall be place as picture below:
Metal mesh will be installed to replace the formwork at construction joints, ensuring a consistent support system for formwork on both sides If conduits, angle steel, or other elements pass through the construction joint, the metal mesh will be shaped accordingly to accommodate these features.
Please supplement the concrete surface finishing method with and/or without hardener
When pouring new concrete, it is essential to keep the metal mesh in place, as it will remain embedded within the concrete Prior to placing fresh concrete, apply a layer of mortar composed of only water and cement onto the dry surface using a spray or brush This mortar should match the cement proportions found in the concrete mix to ensure proper bonding.
• At top of rebar layer, Contractor will use formwork to make the construction joint, when casting concrete next time, Contractor will chip the concrete to make rough surface
The temperature of mass concrete at its center must not exceed 70℃ and should remain below 50℃ per meter Additionally, the temperature difference between the center and the surface of the concrete should not exceed 20℃ Curing methods for the concrete will adhere to the specified guidelines in item b below.
The contractor will deploy a technical service team to monitor peak and differential temperatures during the foundation casting and construction phases, ensuring that timely technical data is available to effectively control and reduce the risk of thermal cracks.
The following guidelines shall be followed;
• Concrete slump shall conform to approved mix design
• Concrete temperature at pouring time shall not exceed 30°C
• Sampling from trucks shall be advised by the Engineer/As per Site Inspection and Test Plan
Concrete placement will utilize a pump with a clamped flexible hose, positioned inside the pouring area to regulate the pouring height The contractor will plan the hose's location through the top rebar layer, ensuring that concrete is poured in 400mm horizontal layers until the desired height is achieved.
• Concrete should be discharged smoothly in coordination between vibrating person and discharging person Side vibration on formwork will be used if necessary
• Concrete should not be dumped in several locations at a time nor discharged in large hips and moved horizontally until final position
• The concrete casting shall be performed layer by layer, preventing the formation of cold joints The layers shall be separated with heights not greater than 2/3 of the vibrator length
• During placement of concrete and compaction, care would be taken to retain formwork position from displacement and deflection
• The calculation of concrete supply, transportation will be attached as attachment 3 b) Curing and Temperature control
• Water shall be continuously introduced on the saturated burlaps in order to keep the burlaps being wet at all time during curing period
To ensure proper curing of concrete, it is essential to cover the surface with burlap or plastic sheets approximately one hour after pouring Continuous water should be applied to the saturated burlap to maintain moisture throughout the entire curing period.
• The measurement purposes are to finding the temperature development within the concrete mass The results will show peak temperature and the temperature differential for such measuring points
A thermocouple is a sensor designed to be embedded within concrete for the purpose of monitoring the internal temperature of cured concrete Temperature readings are taken every two hours, both day and night, to ensure accurate tracking of the concrete's thermal conditions during the curing process.
Thermocouples will be strategically installed within the concrete structure, both at the top and bottom, approximately 300mm from the edges, to accurately measure temperature variations These devices will convert generated heat into electrical signals, which will be transmitted to a digital thermometer for real-time temperature recording Additionally, some thermocouples will be placed 1 meter apart to monitor temperature differences across this distance.
• The process of monitoring of temperature will follow this depictation:
Following the completion of casting, the Automatic Recorder initiates temperature measurements every 2 hours for the first 48 hours After this period, measurements occur every 6 hours until reaching 120 hours Post 120 hours, the frequency of measurements shifts to once daily until the peak temperature decreases to 45°C and the temperature difference drops below 20°C, ensuring proper gradient control.
Table to record temperature inside mass concrete
+The formwork and insulation must only be removed after the peak temperature falls below
45 o C and maintaining the difference temperature below 20 o C and the gradient to be controlled
+Check peak temperature of each point (Tmax), especially the mid-point of the foundation, maximum temperature at all time in the concrete shall be less than ≤ 70 o C
+Check the temperature difference ΔT1 and gradient ΔT/m between any 2 points of the structure shall be less than 20 o C (ΔT1≤ 20 o C) and 50 o C/m (ΔT/m≤ 50 o C)
+Check the differential temperature ΔT of each measuring point
+The temperature measures to be analyzed and reported daily
• In the case, Difference of temperature in center and surface of the concrete exceed 20℃ Immediate
To ensure optimal curing of concrete, apply a 3cm foam layer to the surface and maintain side formwork until the temperature difference between the center of the concrete mass and the outer surface is controlled Additionally, water curing must be sustained for a minimum of 7 days following the concrete pour.
Side formwork should be removed 3-4 days after concrete pouring or when the temperature difference between the center and surface of the concrete does not exceed 20℃ During the required curing period of 7 days, it is essential to keep the exposed concrete surfaces completely covered with plastic sheets or burlap in a continuously moist condition Additionally, an action plan must be in place to address potential rain during the casting process.
Check the weather forecast during the week when casting concrete
Plastic sheet will standby near concreting area, Contractor will cover by plastic to ensure continue construction d) Other works such as backfilling work…
The filling shall commence only after approval by Engineer-in-charge is obtained and after the
Engineer by field density test before the next layer is applied Loose thickness of each layer shall not be greater than 300mm
Field density test (FDT), Material backfill shall be carried out according with ITP General Excavation and Backfilling work
Coating work… will be submitted by other submissions to get approval.
INSPECTION AND TESTING
Reference Method statement: “VP1-0-L4-C-GEN-10007_ Rev C_ Method statement for General concrete work” for requirement and describe
ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY (EHS)
Risk assessment
Assessment at Risk Adverse Effect
I- PREPARATION ACTIVITIES - Manpower & Equipment & Material & Site Preparation
Site personnel /Public /Other Subcontracto rs
- Unauthorized vehicles and pedestrians passing through site entrances
- Lack of suitable access/egress from the project location
- Lack of awareness and suitable control measures implemented
Selecting competent individuals with the appropriate skills and talents for the job is essential It is important to verify and submit all necessary legal documents, including certificates and licenses, for proper induction and record-keeping Additionally, full personal protective equipment (PPE) is mandatory to ensure safety in the workplace.
- Gate Entry: only authorized persons to enter site with the relevant ID card and site pass for vehicle Each person use their own ID card Borrow, lending, use other
ID for entry is not allow and be fired off from the site if caught
* Both documents shall be given to personnel who have undertaken an EHS induction training
- Movement only at suitable access/egress locations, signage, pedestrian walkways and routes as per guiding or direction signboard shown
Designated way will be followed of the site traffic management plan and site layout plans
- Obeying of speed limits which be enforced for jobsite and public road
Control measures will be regularly reviewed and monitored to assess their suitability and improvements made if required
Any alterations to working conditions or operations—such as changes in sequencing, the introduction of new plant or equipment, or the involvement of new workers—will necessitate a new risk assessment Subsequently, additional control measures will be implemented to align with the updated operational requirements.
-Fighting / argument with local peoples
- Effect on people health from hazardous fumes
- Provision of Mobil toilet at site
- Provide waste bin at site with instruction and rules
- Smoking at designated area Smoking out of designated area is prohibited
- Build campus for worker Provide necessary and other regular services to worker at camp Lessen the directly contact chances of workers with the local people
- Gambling, drug, social violence / crime act be prohibited
- Stranger not allow to enter the site or campus without permission from the manager
All delivery vehicles (& drivers) travelling to, from or around site/
- Collision with vehicles and pedestrians due to lack of
- Vehicle and equipment must have full legal document as Requirements and must be inspection before allowing to enter the site
- Any material enter to site must be declared and inform to the Consortium/
Control measures will be regularly reviewed and monitored to assess their suitability and improvements made if required
If any change is made to
Subcontracto rs knowledge and awareness of traffic routes
- Not wearing the appropriate PPE when on site
- Bad vehicle technical quality status when unloading
DHI to be approved before enter the site
Specific materials such as scaffolding material, electrical material… will be inspect at the entrance before enter the site
Traffic and transportation must adhere to the designated site layout, as indicated at the entrance or through gate pass permits Vehicles should utilize appropriate access and egress points, following clear signage and established pedestrian walkways Shortcuts are strictly prohibited to ensure safety and efficiency.
- All delivery drivers to receive brief induction & direction from gate attendant
- Delivery vehicles to be escorted by trained banks man at all times if required
- All delivery drivers to wear min PPE inclusive of safety helmet, safety shoes, safety glasses and high-visibility vest
- Traffic controllers assigned on intersections and congested areas
- Only certified and qualified riggers will load / unload materials during lifting operations
Materials should be organized and stored separately according to their type, with chemicals kept apart and accompanied by their corresponding Safety Data Sheets (SDS) It is essential to secure, isolate, label, and display signage in storage areas or containers Any changes in operations, such as alterations in sequencing, the introduction of new equipment, or the involvement of new personnel, will necessitate a new risk assessment and the implementation of appropriate control measures tailored to the updated operational conditions.
Traffic congestion caused by vehicles and equipment can significantly impact adjacent buildings and residents, deteriorating local road conditions Additionally, it poses public health risks through increased dust and noise pollution Furthermore, there is a potential for ground contamination due to oil spills or leaks from machinery and vehicles, highlighting the need for effective management and mitigation strategies.
Effective noise monitoring for plant and equipment is essential to limit high-noise machinery from entering the site Prior to entry, all plant, equipment, and vehicles must undergo thorough inspections to identify any potential oil spills or leaks Additionally, it is crucial to cover all vehicles transporting bulk materials in and out of the site to minimize dust dispersion during transit.
To effectively manage the transport of bulk materials on-site, it is essential to regularly spray water on stripped topsoil to reduce dust dispersion Additionally, implementing a secondary containment system is crucial, ensuring it has a capacity of at least 110% of the storage capacity of the containers used.
Site personnel/Pu blic/Subcont ractors
- Struck by moving, falling or flying objects
- Falls from working at height
- Travel only thought of designated pedestrian walkways which segregate from vehicles and work operations
- Good housekeeping, keeping access/egress routes clear of obstructions and trips/slips/falls hazards
Following proper access/ egress / pedestrian with be showed and guided No shortcut allow No walking on vehicle route or transport way
- Stairways shall be of adequate width and depth with handrails installed either side
- Segregation of vehicle routes, unloading/loading areas material storage areas shall be installed on site
- All vehicle reversing shall be controlled by a banks man and audible devices
- Caution and Following signage with be used on all roads with pedestrian, crossing points
- PPE to be worn at all times
- Traffic controllers assigned on intersections and congested areas
- No entry any Vehicle operating are or Lifting range or work at high on executing or confined space area without authorized or permission No pass over barricade line
- No lose focus by other act when walking such as using phone
Control measures will be regularly reviewed and monitored to assess their suitability and improvements made if required
Any modifications to working conditions or operations, such as changes in sequencing, the introduction of new plant or equipment, or the involvement of new workers, will necessitate a new risk assessment This assessment will ensure that appropriate control measures are implemented to align with the updated operational requirements.
Site personnel /Public /Subcontract ors vehicles/pedestr ians
- Overturning and overloading of vehicles
- Lack of signage and speed limits
- Lack of barriers along roadways
- Lack of training and awareness
4 4 16 condition thought checklist before start working Any damage must be repair
- Traffic management plan; informed during training and displayed on site entrance
- Only travel or driving at suitable and sufficient traffic routes (vehicle and pedestrian segregation) or through the access / egress to the jobsite No shortcut allow
- All reversing of vehicles control by a banks man
- Follow road/ access/ egress signage displayed
- Comply access routes and speed limits
- Roads of adequate width to allow traffic to move safely
- Heavy equipment designated flagman during travel
- Vehicles parking at designated areas
- Comply signboard, warning board along the route
- Speed down and careful vision when driving at Conner , cross road
- Do not using phone or calling/ answer the
Control measures will be regularly reviewed and monitored to assess their suitability and improvements made if required
Any alterations to working conditions or operations, such as changes in sequencing, the introduction of new equipment, or the involvement of new workers, will prompt a new risk assessment Subsequently, additional control measures will be implemented to align with the updated operational requirements.
- Entering heavy equipment operated range/ high-risk activities operating call during driving
- Do no pass any warning tape/ Isolated area without permission
- No Overload and stock material without tied properly
- Entering Hazard Area with High Risk Activities on Operating is prohibited
[ Environment, Social & Health ]- Traffic congestion- Dust emission into air- Generation of noise.- Oil leak
[ ES&H ]- Traffic accident due to congestion- Effect on public health due to dust emission- Effect on public health due to generation of noise.- Environmental pollution
To ensure environmental, social, and health safety during the project, it is essential to manage traffic effectively, particularly during peak hours on public roads Regular water spraying should be implemented to control dust, while noise levels can be minimized through thorough inspections of vehicles, equipment, and plants Traffic controllers must be stationed at intersections and congested areas to facilitate smooth movement Daily checks on all equipment are crucial, with immediate attention to any oil leaks Contaminated materials should be properly stored and transferred to a third party for appropriate handling Additionally, each vehicle must be equipped with a spill kit or emergency spill kit to address any sudden maintenance issues or oil leak incidents promptly.
- Material storage shall be regular inspected to ensure stability and material condition
- Combustible materials shall be stored free from sources of ignition in a segregated compound with adequate signage and fire provisions
- Proper access provided on material storage area
- All cylinder must have caps and properly secured on an upright position
2 2 4 operation i.e change in sequencing, new plant/equipment or new workers involved, a new risk assessment will be conducted and further control measures implemented to suit the operation
- Effect on people health from hazardous fumes
- Provision of secondary containment for liquid materials such as fuel, paint, chemicals etc
- Strictly implement the safe storage conditions and adhere to the MSDS instructions for storage
- Hazardous materials shall be stored separately and not mixed with any combustible or flammable materials
- Never use drinking water bottle as secondary containment for chemicals
- Must provide proper secondary containment dedicated for chemicals
Set up power system / temporary power devices for workshop and workfore
Site personnel, Subcontracto rs & Public
- Ignition of flammable gases and combustible materials
- Faulty cables, extension leads, plugs and sockets
Before commencing any electrical installation and connection work, a Permit to Work must be prepared and submitted for approval Electricians are required to possess the necessary skills and certifications for their tasks Additionally, the Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) procedure will be implemented as needed to ensure safety.
- Electric cable lines be marked and recorded per layout (both upper and underground lines) and submit to DHI
- Underground cable be buried deep down at per site procedures required and put sign board to recognize
Overhead cables crossing roads should be clearly labeled with height signs to ensure pedestrian safety Any work conducted near electric cable lines must be restricted or fully supervised If necessary, power should be cut off and electric lines relocated to prevent accidents.
- Appointment of temporary electrical manager to prepare temporary electrics plan
Control measures will be regularly reviewed and monitored to assess their suitability and improvements made if required
Any modifications to working conditions or operations, such as changes in sequencing, the introduction of new plant or equipment, or the involvement of new workers, will necessitate a new risk assessment This assessment will ensure that appropriate control measures are implemented to align with the updated operations.
RRN >6 for this activity therefore a Job Safety and Environmental Analysis (JSEA) will be conducted as
- Maintenance undertaken by competent person
- Fire fighting equipment in placed to stop any burning case happen
- Only qualified and certified (3rd Party) electrician allowed to terminate panel boards
- All distribution panel boards have warning signs, checklist and contact person attached on the front door
Unauthorized access of public to electrical network due to lack of awareness and lack of control
Fatality or serious personal injury- Damage to property/system
The Out Tag Out system has been implemented to ensure safety, making all temporary electrical networks inaccessible to the public Access is restricted to authorized personnel who possess a valid Permit to Work All distribution panel boards are securely locked, with only authorized individuals permitted to open them Additionally, hard barricades have been installed around the panel boards, accompanied by clear warning signs to enhance safety awareness.
Site personnel, Subcontracto rs & Others
- Proximity of stored materials, waste materials or plant falling into excavation
- Prepare Permit to Work for every excavation activity of 1,2m of deeper
Classification of underground structure and make plan to handling properly
- Supervision of work by competent person
- Adequate shoring (sloping with proper angle / benching) and battering of excavation to prevent collapse
- Edge protection installed around excavation if needed
- Safe access and egress to the bottom pit
- All materials stored at least 2m away from excavation edge
- Air monitoring inside excavation to ensure no hazardous fumes present for confined space holes
- Influx of sea water or underground water controlled by the use of pumps
- For vehicles tipping materials into excavation, stop blocks should be used at all times, banks man should be available
- All vehicle movements controlled by a banks man
- PPE must be worn at all times
- Proper access to be provided with steps and railings
- Heavy equipment must stay at a safe distance as per site instruct and ehs
Control measures will be regularly reviewed and monitored to assess their suitability and improvements made if required
Any modifications to working conditions or operations, such as changes in sequencing, the introduction of new equipment, or the addition of new workers, will necessitate a new risk assessment Following this assessment, appropriate control measures will be implemented to align with the updated operational requirements.
-Oil leak people health due to dust emission into air
- Effect of people health due to excessive noise of equipment
- Public encountered with open excavations could cause serious injuries water spray
- Restricting high noise equipments entering to site
- Inspection of all equipments before entering to site
- Provision of hard barricades and clear warning signs
- Provide spill kit/ oil leak kit and store at each equipment to reduce and handling oileak case
Use of electrical tools for fabricating formwork , rebar
Site personnel, Subcontracto rs & Others
- Electric shock- Cut- Fire- Fragments flying
Fatality- Serious personnel injury- Injuries to third parties- Burns