Ecological Risk Assessment for Contaminated Sites - Chapter 10 pot

... adjunct to risk assessment, NRDA and ecological risk assessment practices may converge. The NRDA process is particularly problematical for federal agencies that have contaminated sites for which ... of performing the assessment (Figure 10. 1). Restoration costs and assessment costs may be controversial, if the responsible party believes that the trustee is performing a...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... concern. In a retrospective risk assess- ment for a contaminated site, it is rarely necessary to model chemical transport and fate in soil. An exception is the risk assessment for a future scenario ... their activity patterns (except for exposure depth) are not relevant for an ecological risk assessment. Wildlife receptors that are directly exposed to soil der- mally and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... below. Siluriformes Perciformes 190 63 83 Anguiliformes Tetraodontiformes 12 13 18 Anguiliformes Perciformes 34 25 34 Anguiliformes Gasterosteiformes 8 16 24 Anguiliformes Atheriniformes 46 9 12 Atheriniformes ... Classes Salmoniformes Cypriniformes 225 20 27 Salmoniformes Siluriformes 203 39 51 Salmoniformes Perciformes 443 12 16 Cypriniformes Siluriformes 111 11 15 Cypriniformes Perciformes...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... as much care. 2.1 RISK MANAGERS AND RISK ASSESSORS The primary purpose of performing ecological risk assessments for contaminated sites is to provide information needed for a decision concerning ... 2.3 Criteria for Selection of Assessment Endpoints for Ecological Risk Assessments 1. Policy goals and societal values — Because the risks to the assessment e...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... as individuals, most risk manage- ment decisions for wildlife are based on population-level effects. Therefore, for the results of the risk characterization to be of use for risk management, extrapolations from ... applied to dioxin-like compounds. Generation of 7-ethoxyre- sorufin- o -deethylase (EROD) in rat hepatoma cell cultures has been used as a bioassay for 2,3,7,8-TCD...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... effects Intermediate human health risk • Excess cancer risk between 10 -4 and 10 -6 De manifestis human health risk • Excess cancer risk greater than or equal to 10 -4 • Hazard quotient ... multiple contami- nated sites require remediation. The process of prioritizing these sites should incor- porate principles of ecological risk assessment. For...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... PRGs based on ecological risk or even what level of protection is analogous to the 10 -6 risk for human carcinogens. (See Section 9.2.3 for a discussion of balancing health and ecological risks.) ... play a different role in ecological risk assessments than they do in human health risk assessments. For human health risk assessments, remediation depends on the land...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... Framework for Ecological Risk Assess- ment. EPA/630/R-92/001. Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, D.C. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1992b. Dermal Exposure Assessment: Princi- ples ... 4.3). Methods for sampling or surveying biota that are potentially applicable for residue analyses at contaminated sites are briefly discussed below (Sections A.1 to A.11). Method...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... focuses on the potential of sheet-and-rill erosion by both water and wind at the watershed scale. 10. 3.1 WATER EROSION POTENTIAL The universal soil loss equation (USLE) (equation 10. 1) is one of ... <140 Medium wind erosion 0.20–0.39 >140 or 0 .10 0.19 or <140 High wind erosion 0 .10 0.19 >140 or <0 .10 or < ;100 Severe wind erosion <0 .10 > ;100 © 2008 by Taylo...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... planned for two additional mines: the Trzebionka mine in 2005, and the Olkusz mine in 2 010. The largest mine (Pomorzany mine) will be shut down in 2020. L1401-frame-C10 Page 115 Monday, April 10, ... 26.0 58.7 69.5 Consumption 148.6 101 .8 100 .9 78.7 81.1 Compiled from Bolewski et al., 1995 and Ochrona Srodowiska, 1994. L1401-frame-C10 Page 117 Monday, April 10, 2000 9:59 AM © 2...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20